基于ADAMS的列车系统参数化建模的二次开发研究

近年来许多学者开始利用虚拟样机技术来研究列车系统的动态性能,但是由于列车模型的复杂性,所建模型都比实际模型简化了许多。鉴于此,对铁道车辆模块ADAMS/Rail进行了二次开发研究,在该模块中添加了大量的车体、转向架、轨道的各种模板,并且建立了列车系统参数化建模的对话框,以及各种用来参数化仿真研究的对话框,开发出了基于该模块的列车系统参数化建模专用模块。最后通过实例建模说明了利用该模块建模过程更加简单快捷,所建模型更加完善。     

重庆地铁6号线客室内装设计

介绍了重庆地铁6号线客室内部装饰设计、人机工程设计以及防火设计。     

A Versatile Flat Track Tire Testing Machine

Summary A flat track tire testing machine developed by the IMMa group is described. It permits the simulation and study of the dynamic behavior of a great variety of tires under controllable and repetitive highly dynamic realistic working conditions in the laboratory for a diversity of vehicles, from motorcycles to light trucks. The machine incorporates: – a hydraulically operated tire support and loading system with wide operating ranges; – a computer controlled brake system to simulate braking maneuvers with ABS systems; – a complete sensorial system; – a data acquisition and control system continually monitoring and acting on the experimental variables, i.e., tire and belt speed, longitudinal slip, slip and camber angles, tire pressure, tire normal force, etc. As an application example, results are presented that adjust the parameter of the magic formula for a standard 175/70 R14 passenger vehicle tire. Accurate mathematical tire models are recognized as essential for the prediction of vehicle dynamic performances using simulation tools.     

基于踩踏刚度的踏步板结构优化

针对某车型踏步板踩踏形变过大的问题,采用CAE手段分析了踏步板的踩踏刚度,然后根据踏步板的各个支架的受力形式分别优化其结构,最后对它们的板厚进行详细的尺寸优化。改进后的踏步板支架的重量略有增加(约0.42 kg),但踩踏刚度明显提升,达到初始踩踏刚度的2.5倍。此项研究为相关车型的开发提供了重要的理论参考和技术支撑。     

钢轨闪光焊焊接接头轨面横向裂纹成因分析

针对秦沈线17处钢轨闪光焊焊接接头轨面产生的横向裂纹,通过在伤损部位取样,分别进行洛氏硬度、金相组织和显微硬度等试验,结合焊轨生产的实际,分析裂纹形成原因。认为所检闪光焊焊接接头的裂纹起源于钢轨表面的白亮层马氏体组织,并在外力作用下扩展进入正常的珠光体组织区域,裂纹深度达到5mm。研究钢轨精磨方式与焊缝凸起之间的关系,得出:对矫直后具有明显焊缝凸起的焊接接头进行精磨时有可能因打磨中进刀量过大,引起钢轨局部机械热损伤,造成局部金属的急速高温和急速冷却,形成高硬度的脆性白亮层马氏体组织,是导致焊接接头轨面产生裂纹的根本原因。建议进一步研究钢轨焊接生产打磨工艺规范以及客运专线铁路钢轨的预打磨规范,避免钢轨及焊接接头出现马氏体组织。     

Optimization of curving performance of rail vehicles

The curving performance of a transit rail vehicle model with 21 degrees of freedom is optimized using a combination of multibody dynamics and a genetic algorithm (GA). The design optimization is to search for optimal design variables so that the noise or wear, arising from misalignment of the wheelsets with the track, is reduced to a minimum level during curve negotiations with flange contact forces guiding the rail vehicle. The objective function is a weighted combination of angle of attack on wheelsets and ratios of lateral to vertical forces on wheels. Using the combination of the GA and a multibody dynamics modelling program, A'GEM, the generation of governing equations of motion for complex nonlinear dynamic rail vehicle models and the search for global optimal design variables can be carried out automatically. To demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed approach of using the combination of multibody dynamics and GAs, the numerical simulation results of the optimization are offered, the selected objective function is justified, and the sensitivity analysis of different design parameters and different design parameter sets on curving performance is performed. Numerical results show that compared with suspension and inertial parameter sets, the geometric parameter set has the most significant effect on curving performance.     

提高铁路信号施工工艺确保铁路信号系统运行质量

铁路信号施工工艺质量直接关系到铁路运输安全。在施工中通常存在电缆工程、轨旁信号设施与钢轨连接、轨道电路补偿电容的安装及电磁兼容、防雷、接地等方面的问题。针对上述问题,采用结构合理、密封性好、寿命长的免维护型地下电缆接续盒和高精度的专用打孔具;要求室内电缆不出现环状布置,屏蔽要可靠地屏蔽连接或接地。同时提高铁路信号施工行业内对施工工艺重要性的认识,制定完善、具体、统一的施工工艺标准,加强监督管理。     

无绝缘轨道电路道碴电阻测试方法的研究

针对已往轨道电路参数测量方法均需要停止轨道电路工作的弊端,以UM71无绝缘轨道电路为例,提出了一种方便、简捷的道碴电阻测量方法,即查表测试法,编制了道碴电阻测试表。为了方便查表法的应用,设计了道碴电阻测试查询软件。     

U71Mn钢轨低温性能试验研究

对包钢产U71Mn成分钢种进行了低温系列冲击试验、低温拉伸试验、低温断裂韧度试验,分析讨论了冲击值与低温韧脆转变温度的关系和化学成分、试验温度对强度、塑性以及断裂韧性的影响。试验结果表明,青藏铁路使用中下限成分的U71Mn钢轨,可提高钢轨安全使用性能,满足青藏铁路格拉段低温环境的需要。     

城市轨道交通专用电话系统的应用及发展

本文详细分析、描述了城市轨道交通专用电话系统现有的组网方式、系统功能及技术特点,并对其发展方向进行了深入的探讨。