北京地下直径线前三门隧道上跨地铁联络通道及电力隧道设计方案研究

为解决在特定的城市地下空间新建隧道施工影响既有地下结构安全的问题,以北京地下直径线前三门隧道上跨既有隧道工程为研究对象,提出"隔离桩保护,分步开挖"设计方案,模拟隧道分步开挖过程,计算隧道施工过程中联络通道的位移值。主要结论如下:隧道采用相应的保护措施和分步施工法是可行的,施工不会影响联络通道及电力隧道的结构性安全。     

新形势下的基础设施投融资改革初探——城市轨道TOD实践带来的启示

基础设施项目建设对国民经济的拉动效应显而易见,轨道交通建设给城市发展带来更多的机遇和挑战。地方政府在轨道建设前期如何前瞻规划、统筹安排和有效整合沿线资源,探索适合的建设模式对实现项目的可持续发展至关重要。以深圳地铁6号线为例,借鉴香港"轨道+物业"轨道发展经验,通过优化轨道交通沿线土地利用布局和开发强度,实践轨道交通TOD开发模式。阐述城轨TOD与香港地铁"轨道+物业"的理念,分析香港地铁"轨道+物业"模式在大陆应用存在的问题,介绍"轨道+物业"理念在深圳地铁6号线规划研究中的应用成果,将"轨道+物业"的模式与传统模式进行对比,总结城市轨道交通TOD模式成功实施的重要条件。最后对国内城轨TOD成功实施提出一些建议:创新城市轨道交通沿线土地出让和储备机制,探索城市轨道交通和城市空间规划接驳机制,完善城市轨道交通管理体制机制,完善政策及技术规范支撑,加强法规制度保障等。     

厦漳跨海大桥工程技术创新综述

福建省厦漳跨海大桥工程是一个在强风强震强腐蚀性海洋气候条件下,集2座特大跨径斜拉桥主桥、海上长大连续结构引桥和多种施工工法于一体的大型跨海桥梁系统工程。招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司（简称“重庆交科院”）承担了其工程可行性研究、总体方案确定、结构设计、技术保障,以及索缆、铺装、机电施工和试验检测等项目,为大桥建设付出了近10年的艰辛努力,也为工程创新技术的应用作出了重要贡献。     

重庆朝天门长江大桥扣索施工工艺

重庆朝天门长江大桥主桥为三跨连续中承式钢桁系杆拱桥。主桥钢桁梁采用悬臂架设,中跨主拱采用架设扣塔安装。其扣索采用高强度、低松弛钢绞线,单根穿挂、单根张拉工艺施工。扣索的施工主要包括施工准备工作、钢绞线下料、施工平台搭设、固定端穿索、张拉端穿索、张拉、索箍和减振器安装、扣索拆除等工序。采用MIDAS/Civil有限元软件中的空间梁单元、索单元、桁架单元建立空间杆系模型,对扣索的各根钢绞线张拉力精确计算,所有钢绞线逐根一次张拉到设计值,所有扣索最后无须调索。     

重庆两江大桥天梭桥塔设计方案研究

塔、梁、索是斜拉桥结构重要组成部分,其中,桥塔更是彰显桥梁个性和特点的重要部位。针对普通桥塔形式的不足,通过对重庆两江大桥天梭桥塔设计方案的研究,提出适应于环境的新型桥塔设计方法。     

Modelling of wheels and rail discontinuities in dynamic wheel-rail contact analysis

A classification of wheel-rail contact is given. Difference is made between modelling of a running wheel with continuous single-point-contact, as is common practice in wheel-rail contact analysis, and a wheel with transient double- or multi-point-contact, which may occur for rail irregularities with curvatures larger than that of the wheel circumference. It is shown that application of the first model for these irregularities will strongly underestimate the contact forces as it does not describe occurring mechanisms correctly. Further, it is shown that in principle it is not possible to describe the second type of contact fully correct with a lumped wheel model. Both wheel models are formulated mathematically for some basic contact cases. Afterwards, results are applied to a linear track model. Analytical closed-form solutions are found in the frequency domain for arbitrary type of contact and numerically transformed to the time domain. Finally, the necessity is shown to avoid situations where transient multiple-point-contact may occur (like rail joints) in practice.     

桃树坪隧道穿越富水粉细砂地层双导洞超前法施工技术

在建兰渝铁路桃树坪隧道为Ⅰ级铁路双线隧道,施工穿越上第三系富水粉细砂地层。为了解决由于出水量大,岩性软,成岩作用及稳定性差,在隧道开挖过程中,含水粉细砂层软化现象明显,常呈流塑状,无自稳性,造成大断面隧道施工极其困难的问题,结合桃树坪隧道3#斜井正洞围岩特点研究采用了双导洞超前法施工,通过导洞超前降水、先行稳固拱脚,解决了富水粉细砂层大断面隧道开挖困难、初期支护变形严重难以控制的问题。     

Light Rail Rapid Transit systems for more sustainable ground accessibility of airports

This paper investigates the potential of Light Rail Rapid Transit (LRRT) to mitigate the environmental and social burden of ground access systems of an airport. This implies, on the one hand, LRRT's capability in mitigating externalities in terms of noise, air pollution/climate change, traffic incidents/accidents and congestion of airport ground access systems and, on the other, the provision of sufficient capacity to accommodate generally increasing volumes of both air passenger and airport employee demand by connecting the airport to its core catchment area. A methodology for assessing the capability of LRRT operating as an airport ground access system is developed. This methodology consists of models to analyze and predict demand and capacity for an LRRT system and models to quantify the externalities of particular airport ground access systems as well as assessing their prospective savings thanks to the introduction of an LRRT system. The methodology is applied to a large European airport – Amsterdam Schiphol (the Netherlands) – using a ‘what-if?’ scenario approach.     

Wheel-rail contact models for vehicle system dynamics including multi-point contact

Advanced modelling of rail vehicle dynamics requires realistic solutions of contact problems for wheels and rails that are able to describe contact singularities, encountered for wheels and rails. The basic singularities demonstrate themselves as double and multiple contact patches. The solutions of the contact problems have to be known practically in each step of the numerical integration of the differential equations of the model. The existing fast, approximate methods of solution to achieve this goal have been outlined. One way to do this is to replace a multi-point contact by a set of ellipses. The other methods are based on so-called virtual penetration. They allow calculating the non-elliptical, multiple contact patches and creep forces online, during integration of the model. This allows nearly real-time simulations. The methods are valid and applicable for so-called quasi-Hertzian cases, when the contact conditions do not deviate much from the assumptions of the Hertz theory. It is believed that it is worthwhile to use them in other cases too.     

轻型汽车ESC国家标准研究与制定

为使汽车行业充分理解轻型汽车电子稳定性控制系统（ESC）国家标准,引导和规范ESC测试评价,文章对轻型汽车ESC全球技术法规的主要内容和特点进行系统剖析,针对ESC过度转向评价和路面摩擦因数测定开展验证试验,并探索不足转向试验方案。在ESC国家标准中明确了路面摩擦因数测定方法,并通过冰雪路面上的双移线试验和稳态圆周试验对ESC不足转向特性进行评价。轻型汽车ESC国家标准弥补了全球技术法规在不足转向评价上的不足,为我国规范与完善ESC性能测试奠定了基础。