大连北良粮食码头工程设计要点

为改变我国粮食运输的落后局面,利用世行贷款建设的大连北良粮食码头工程是东北粮食运输走廊的龙头项目,该项目在2003年通过国家正式验收并投入运转后,立即引起国、内外港口业和粮食业界的广泛关注和一致好评。本工程建设规模大、技术先进,创造了我国乃至世界建港史和粮食流通史上的8个第一,包括全皮带提升系统、宽肩台式防波堤、采用60°斜交的筒仓群排列、粮食中转系统主要流程的全自动化等技术在国、内外均属首创。通过对本工程设计经验的总结,以期为我国大型粮食码头工程的设计和建设提供借鉴与参考。     

狭窄连续弯道河段航电枢纽平面布置研究

依托湘江土谷塘航电枢纽工程,采用整体河工模型水流试验与遥控自航船模航行试验相结合的研究手段,对船闸分别位于狭窄连续弯道中的下游反向弯道凸岸和凹岸的2种枢纽平面布置方案,从枢纽泄流能力、船闸通航水流条件、船闸上下游航道平面布置形式、船舶航行条件等多方面进行了对比分析,提出了较合理的枢纽平面布置方案,供其他类似工程参考。     

煤码头装卸系统仿真优化研究

为了提高装卸效率,台州发电厂煤炭专用码头对煤炭装卸工艺进行革新,建立仿真优化模型。介绍台州发电厂仿真优化的基本原理和煤炭装卸仿真系统的设计。着重介绍电厂煤码头装卸工艺系统优化的方法。此方案将有效提高煤炭装卸作业效率和码头营运效率。     

重庆轨道交通6号线敞开式TBM过站技术研究

为解决TBM过站及区间车站同步施工这一问题,对TBM掘进过站和步进过站2种方式进行专题研究,通过采取在施工前制定专项的施工筹划,优化车站结构形式、利用中间车站进行地面及辅助设施转场等措施,实现了以下目标:1)确保TBM连续通过6座中间车站;2)较好地发挥TBM独头快速掘进的功效;3)较好地协调区间与沿线车站的交叉施工组织。     

A tabu search algorithm to solve the integrated planning of container on an inter-terminal network connected with a hinterland rail network

Transport demand for containers has been increasing for decades, which places pressure on road transport. As a result, rail transport is stimulated to provide better intermodal freight transport services. This paper investigates mathematical models for the planning of container movements in a port area, integrating the inter-terminal transport of containers (ITT, within the port area) with the rail freight formation and transport process (towards the hinterland). An integer linear programming model is used to formulate the container transport across operations at container terminals, the network interconnecting them, railway yards and the railway networks towards the hinterland. A tabu search algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. The practical applicability of the algorithm is tested in a realistic infrastructure case and different demand scenarios. Our results show the degree by which internal (ITT) and external (hinterland) transport processes interact, and the potential for improvement of overall operations when the integrated optimization proposed is used. Instead, if the planning of containers in the ITT system is optimized as a stand-alone problem, the railway terminals may suffer from longer delay times or additional train cancellations. When planning the transport of 4060 TEU containers within one day, the benefits of the ITT planning without considering railway operations account for 17% ITT cost reduction but 93% railway operational cost growth, while the benefits of integrating ITT and railway account for a reduction of 20% in ITT cost and 44% in railway operational costs.     

The multi-port berth allocation problem with speed optimization and emission considerations

The container shipping industry faces many interrelated challenges and opportunities, as its role in the global trading system has become increasingly important over the last decades. On the one side, collaboration between port terminals and shipping liners can lead to costs savings and help achieve a sustainable supply chain, and on the other side, the optimization of operations and sailing times leads to reductions in bunker consumption and, thus, to fuel cost and air emissions reductions. To that effect, there is an increasing need to address the integration opportunities and environmental issues related to container shipping through optimization. This paper focuses on the well known Berth Allocation Problem (BAP), an optimization problem assigning berthing times and positions to vessels in container terminals. We introduce a novel mathematical formulation that extends the classical BAP to cover multiple ports in a shipping network under the assumption of strong cooperation between shipping lines and terminals. Speed is optimized on all sailing legs between ports, demonstrating the effect of speed optimization in reducing the total time of the operation, as well as total fuel consumption and emissions. Furthermore, the model implementation shows that an accurate speed discretization can result in far better economic and environmental results.     

铁路客运枢纽规划建设管理机制与设计理念

随着中国大量铁路客运枢纽的建成使用以及铁路建设机制的变化,有必要对枢纽规划建设经验进行总结。铁路客运枢纽规划建设需要解决的问题主要体现在管理机制和设计理念两方面。管理机制方面,存在铁路与地方规划部门脱节、枢纽各方建设主体缺乏互动、缺少公众参与和社会监督等问题。对此提出建立铁路建设各个阶段与城市规划的衔接机制,出台枢纽规划建设统一标准,贯彻建设运营一体化的思路,建立公众参与和社会监督机制等规划建设管理思路。同时指出枢纽规划建设中需坚持枢纽与城市一体化发展、公交优先、集约利用土地、因地制宜和以人为本的设计理念。     

基于模糊理论和AHP的高速列车端部舱设计方案评价

为了使企业在面对多种结构相似的设计方案,能做出正确,合理的选择,提出了基于模糊理论和层次分析法的某型动车组端部舱设计方案的评价研究.为辅助工程师进行设计方案的选择,在综合考虑制造成本、强度、抗疲劳性能的基础上,构建了设计方案的综合评价指标体系;借助模糊数学理论,利用中值法确定评价因素与评价集的隶属度,利用层次分析法确定因素权重,对动车组端部舱三种设计方案分别进行模糊综合评价,从中获得最优设计方案.实践表明,所建立的评价体系可以快速获得客观综合评价结果,能为企业设计方案的择优选择提供依据.     

面向双侧靠船全回转作业的新型煤炭码头通过能力仿真研究

针对黄骅港煤炭港区三、四期工程实例,系统分析了"双侧靠船、装船机全回转作业"的煤炭码头新型装船作业模式,建立了相应计算机仿真模型,基于港口服务水平评价指标对煤炭码头合理通过能力进行研究,为该项目的规划设计提供了科学的决策支持依据。     

基于 Petri 网的终端区冲突避免方法研究*

终端区空域结构复杂,航空器飞行架次过多,是飞行事故高发区,针对该问题,提出一种基于Petri网的终端区冲突避免方法。首先分析终端区空域运行结构,利用Petri网建立终端区空域运行模型,并根据终端区空域管制规则,建立其约束模型。然后综合约束模型,利用库所不变量方法建立终端区空域控制策略。最后针对控制策略进行案例分析,结果表明,此方法能够有效解决终端区空域运行安全问题,减轻管制员负荷。