旋喷桩在既有铁路软弱土地区框构桥涵顶进工程中的应用

在既有铁路施工下穿桥涵,需将该区域的路基材料和部分地基土挖去,显著改变了铁路原有的路基、地基状态,并改变地基所承受的长期荷载;同时其便梁、基坑等临时结构也改变了周围岩土体的受力状态。这就给软弱土地区的中型、大型框构桥涵顶进施工带来了一系列的难题。利用旋喷桩施工机具小型、轻型的特点,对于顶进桥涵本身的地基加固、便梁基础稳定性以及对路基预处理进行加固防护等问题得到了很好的解决方法。     

包裹式加筋土挡墙在宁启铁路路基中的设计与应用

论述了加筋土挡墙基于极限平衡理论的设计方法,以宁启铁路海安枢纽内L1DK0+184.953~+339.410段工程为例,介绍了土工格栅加筋土挡墙的方案比选、拉筋设计,并对其进行内部稳定性和外部稳定性进行检算,包裹式加筋土挡墙良好的施工效果也证明了设计的可靠性。     

列车作用下东巨寺沟铁路隧道围岩动力反应分析

东巨寺沟铁路隧道选取试验段中实施湿喷工艺喷射聚丙烯纤维混凝土,作为支护结构,并作永久性支护结构,免除二次衬砌;为研究该隧道在列车作用下的动力响应,从土－结构相互作用模型出发,采用粘－弹性人工边界条件,建立隧道支护结构－围岩相互作用的动力分析模型,采用时程积分法研究了列车荷载对铁路隧道围岩和支护结构的动力作用,分析了列车荷载作用下由于轨道不平顺引起的动力响应,并对该隧道围岩的稳定性进行了分析。分析结果表明:在列车动力作用下,隧道围岩和支护结构变形微小,处于稳定状态。     

高速铁路列车开行方案反馈调整系统开发研究

为了实现对高速铁路旅客运输规划的综合优化,讨论了构建高速铁路开行方案反馈调整系统的意义和重要性,并以C#为开发工具,设计开发出了高速铁路列车开行方案反馈调整系统。从系统的模块设计、数据库设计以及流程设计角度介绍了系统。系统从运力资源、运行图和客运需求3个方面对初始开行方案进行反馈调整,实现了开行方案的优化。     

Improvement of vehicle–turnout interaction by optimising the shape of crossing nose

Proper rail geometry in the crossing part is essential for reducing damage on the nose rail. To improve the dynamic behaviour of turnout crossings, a numerical optimisation approach to minimise rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damage and wear in the crossing panel by varying the nose rail shape is presented in the paper. The rail geometry is parameterised by defining several control cross-sections along the crossing. The dynamic vehicle–turnout interaction as a function of crossing geometry is analysed using the VI-Rail package. In formulation of the optimisation problem a combined weighted objective function is used consisting of the normal contact pressure and the energy dissipation along the crossing responsible for RCF and wear, respectively. The multi-objective optimisation problem is solved by adapting the multipoint approximation method and a number of compromised solutions have been found for various sets of weight coefficients. Dynamic behaviour of the crossing has been significantly improved after optimisations. Comparing with the reference design, the heights of the nose rail are notably increased in the beginning of the crossing; the nominal thicknesses of the nose rail are also changed. All the optimum designs work well under different track conditions.     

Optimisation of railway crossing geometry considering a representative set of wheel profiles

A numerical method for robust geometry optimisation of railway crossings is presented. The robustness is achieved by optimising the crossing geometry for a representative set of wheel profiles. As a basis for the optimisation, a crossing geometry is created where rail cross-sectional profiles and longitudinal height profiles of both wing rails and crossing nose are parameterised. Based on the approximation that the two problems are decoupled, separate optimisations are performed for the cross-sectional rail profiles and the longitudinal height profiles. The rail cross sections are optimised to minimise the maximum Hertzian wheel–rail contact pressure. The longitudinal height profiles are optimised to minimise the accumulated damage in the wing rail to crossing nose transition zone. The accumulated damage is approximated using an objective criterion that accounts for the angle of the wheel trajectory reversal during the transition from the wing rail to the crossing nose as well as the distribution of transition points for the utilised wheel profile set. It is found that small nonlinear height deviations from a linear longitudinal wing rail profile in the transition zone can reduce the objective compared to the nominal design. It is further demonstrated that the variation in wheel profile shapes, lateral wheel displacements and the feasible transition zone length of the crossing will determine the longitudinal height profiles of the wing rail and crossing nose if all wheel profiles are to make their transition within the transition zone.     

A study on high-speed rolling contact between a wheel and a contaminated rail

A 3-D explicit finite element model is developed to investigate the transient wheel–rail rolling contact in the presence of rail contamination or short low adhesion zones (LAZs). A transient analysis is required because the wheel passes by a short LAZ very quickly, especially at high speeds. A surface-to-surface contact algorithm (by the penalty method) is employed to solve the frictional rolling contact between the wheel and the rail meshed by solid elements. The LAZ is simulated by a varying coefficient of friction along the rail. Different traction efforts and action of the traction control system triggered by the LAZ are simulated by applying a time-dependent driving torque to the wheel axle. Structural flexibilities of the vehicle–track system are considered properly. Analysis focuses on the contact forces, creepage, contact stresses and the derived frictional work and plastic deformation. It is found that the longitudinal contact force and the maximum surface shear stress in the contact patch become obviously lower in the LAZ and much higher as the wheel re-enters the dry rail section. Consequently, a higher wear rate and larger plastic flow are expected at the location where the dry contact starts to be rebuilt. In other words, contact surface damages such as wheel flats and rail burns may come into being because of the LAZ. Length of the LAZ, the traction level, etc. are varied. The results also show that local contact surface damages may still occur as the traction control system acts.     

地铁站水冷空调机组IPLV计算方法讨论

大量测试数据表明,在现行地铁环控系统中,冷机大部分时间处于部分负荷状态,因此用于评判地铁站冷水机组部分负荷综合性能的IPLV值的计算方法值得研究.使用了一种逐时计算地铁车站负荷的方法,计算得出北京市、上海市、广州市典型地铁标准站全年的逐时负荷曲线.根据全年逐时负荷曲线统计了3个城市地铁车站不同负荷率区间占比情况,从而得...     

计算机联锁系统在黄骅港港区铁路扩容工程中的应用

为提升港口铁路系统的列车运输能力和信号设备的安全性,在黄骅港港区铁路扩容工程中,港区站采用计算机联锁系统取代传统的电气集中联锁系统,在区间采用先进的移频自动闭塞系统,并在港区站采用微机监测系统进一步提高了信号设备的安全性和可靠性,对改善与优化港区站场信号系统具有重要意义。     

水泥砂浆桩处理某高速铁路软基沉降变形分析

高速铁路对路基工后沉降提出了严格的要求,某高速铁路路基段存在大范围软土地基,采用水泥砂浆桩进行地基加固处理。通过对地基处理后一年多的路基沉降变形观测分析及预测表明:各观测点的沉降量-时间曲线均已经收敛,路堤荷载作用下路基面沉降已经稳定,沉降板预测最大工后沉降ΔS'为4.8mm,路基面观测桩双曲线法预测路基面最大残余沉降为2.3mm,沉降完成比例St/S∞最小为92.4%,均满足高速铁路沉降控制标准。因此,水泥砂浆桩处理高速铁路软土地基是可行的,可以在较短时间内满足工后沉降的要求。