Emergence of resilience as a framework for state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the United States

State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) in the United States are responsible for a large portfolio of transportation modes and services, including passenger and freight systems. These responsibilities include operations under routine conditions and during incidents and events that result from various natural and human-caused hazards. During unexpected events, disruptions and reductions in service result in requiring the reallocation and reassignment of personnel, modal, and economic resources. To better prevent and respond to the effects of service disruptions, the concept of resilience has emerged as an important framework, within which, DOTs across the United States are using to plan for the occurrence of threats. In this paper, the key findings of recent reviews of literature and practice related to resilience among state DOTs in the United States are summarized. The review effort focused on a range of risks faced by transportation agencies including climate change, terrorism, cyber-attacks, and aging infrastructure and the ways in which DOTs are confronting them in practice. The topics of this paper range from the fundamental, including definitions of transportation resilience; to the more complex such as examinations of risk, vulnerability and threats; to the most sophisticated topics including administrative-level efforts to conceptualize evolving transportation planning and policies within a resilience framework.     

旅游交通规划成套技术探究

从行业、角度、目标和路径四大方面更新旅游交通规划理念,建立时空、资源、体验三大模块规划体系,达到旅游交通网络构建、功能拓展、配套完善的效果。在此规划体系基础上,根据不同地区特色,突出主题品牌设计,创新产品供给,紧密结合当地规划与落地方案,形成了丰富的规划应用成果,为交旅融合快速发展奠定理论基础。     

Integrated planning of static and dynamic charging infrastructure for electric vehicles

This paper investigates the optimal deployment of static and dynamic charging infrastructure considering the interdependency between transportation and power networks. Static infrastructure means plug-in charging stations, while the dynamic counterpart refers to electrified roads or charging lanes enabled by charging-while-driving technology. A network equilibrium model is first developed to capture the interactions among battery electric vehicles’ (BEVs) route choices, charging plans, and the prices of electricity. A mixed-integer bi-level program is then formulated to determine the deployment plan of charging infrastructure to minimize the total social cost of the coupled networks. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate travel and charging plans of BEV drivers and the competitiveness of static and dynamic charging infrastructure. The numerical results on three networks suggest that (1) for individual BEV drivers, the choice between using charging lanes and charging stations is more sensitive to parameters including value of travel time, service fee markup, and battery size, but less sensitive to the charging rates and travel demand; (2) deploying more charging lanes is favorable for transportation networks with sparser topology while more charging stations can be more preferable for those denser networks.     

一种基于视频虚拟检测线的交通流参数检测方法

实时交通流参数检测在智能交通系统中起着重要的作用。参数检测有多种方式,其中基于图像处理的视频车辆检测方式近年来发展很快,由于它具有检测区域大、系统设置灵活等突出的优点,已成为智能交通系统领域的一个研究热点。车辆的检测基于车道,在每个车道设置两条虚拟检测线来检测交通流参数,虚拟检测线的作用类似于电磁感应线圈。系统通过对视频虚拟检测线的预处理将二维的数字图像转化成一维的检测信号,减小了运算量,降低了运算负荷。提出的基于视频虚拟检测线特征的交通流参数检测系统已经在PC机上用VC 6.0实现,并对不同典型天气条件下的交通流视频进行了实验,实验结果表明该系统具有较高的车流量统计精度。     

浙江交通职业教育的调查与思考

分析了浙江省交通职业教育现状,总结了当前交通职业教育存在的主要问题,对下一步交通职业教育工作目标、工作重点提出了思考,并对发展交通职业教育提出了四项建议。     

基于模糊神经网络的单交叉口变相序控制

针对城市交通流时变的特点，提出了一种可变相序自适应单交叉口控制算法，该算法根据通行权转移度来决定放行相位及通行时间，并综合考虑了所有相位车辆排队长度以及绿灯相位通行时间。通过多层BP神经网络实现单交叉口多相位模糊控制。结果表明，该控制器具有学习和泛化能力，可以有效的提高绿灯时间利用率并减少车辆平均延误。     

论低碳经济与集装箱铁路运输发展

在阐述低碳经济的概念及发展方式的基础上,从节能环保、降低物流成本等方面分析了集装箱铁路运输的优势,提出了加强信息化建设、积极推进以铁路为骨干的集装箱多式联运体系建设、打造集装箱班列运输产品、大力提升装备现代化水平等促进集装箱铁路运输发展对策。     

美国铁路煤炭运输

介绍美国铁路煤炭运输的发展概况与产销特点：煤炭资源丰富,产地集中,消费的地域集中度不高,但其产业集中度很高。煤炭运输的产销特点决定了美国铁路煤炭的运输组织方式以单元列车为主,技术装备配置以煤炭客户自备车为主。其煤炭运价分为公布运价和合同运价,当燃油价格超过基准价格时,美国铁路运输公司收取燃油附加费。由于煤炭运输市场竞争充分,煤炭供求双方具备强大的市场谈判能力,因此美国铁路煤炭运输的收入率较低。     

电子商务在铁路集装箱运输中的应用

分析电子商务在铁路集装箱运输中应用的必要性,并对铁路集装箱运输电子商务功能进行阐述,指出只有实现商务单证的电子化和费用支付的电子化才能实现真正意义上的电子商务,并论述铁路集装箱运输应用电子商务的优点。     

Integrated analysis of land-use and transport policy interventions

Analysing the impact of urban policy interventions on urban growth, land use and transport (LUT) is crucial for urban planners, transport planners and policy-makers, especially in rapidly growing cities. This paper presents a cellular automata-based land-use/transport interaction model – Metronamica-LUTI – for Jeddah that is used to analyse the impact of different proposed policy interventions under two urban growth scenarios for the period 2011–2031. Used as an integrated policy impact assessment tool, the model demonstrates a strong reciprocal relationship between LUT in Jeddah. This study shows that relevant spatial information and integrated policy impact assessment can provide rich insights into the interaction between LUT, the appropriate policy to consider in place and time which traditional planning practice and typical static urban models cannot do.