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11.
《铁道标准设计通讯》2017,(9):98-103
水下隧道已逐步成为我国跨江越海的主要交通方式之一,水下隧道立体交叉的情况也越来越常见。针对目前国内缺乏完善的水下立体交叉隧道设计及施工体系,以我国某座水下隧道立交段为研究对象,对立体交叉段做了总体设计,确定了主线与匝道的内轮廓;同时,基于ANSYS有限元软件对主线隧道及匝道开挖过程进行模拟分析,提出隧道主线及匝道的开挖方案。得出如下结论:(1)通过采取CRD法等进行开挖,将大断面化为小断面,分部开挖,双层支护,成功解决了水下隧道立交段施工安全稳定的难题,可有效确保水下立交段隧道开挖的安全;(2)开挖过程中应严格遵守"先下后上、错开施工、超前支护、减少振动、分部施工、及时二衬"的施工原则,能够保证隧道的施工安全;(3)应紧密结合现场实际量测数据对围岩及支护结构的稳定性进行判别,二次衬砌尽量紧跟初期支护施作。 相似文献
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本文针对汽车传动系统主要零部件的特点,研究了基于振动信号的故障诊断方法,包括特征提取、模式分类和诊断决策全过程。 相似文献
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介绍了发动机试验数据库管理系统的工作原理、结构、功能,发动机试验数据的处理、绘图及试验报告的生成;对系统开发及开发过程中的若干难点进行论述。实践已验证了该系统的正确性、实用性和高效性。 相似文献
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With trajectory data, a complete microscopic and macroscopic picture of traffic flow operations can be obtained. However, trajectory data are difficult to observe over large spatiotemporal regions—particularly in urban contexts—due to practical, technical and financial constraints. The next best thing is to estimate plausible trajectories from whatever data are available. This paper presents a generic data assimilation framework to reconstruct such plausible trajectories on signalized urban arterials using microscopic traffic flow models and data from loops (individual vehicle passages and thus vehicle counts); traffic control data; and (sparse) travel time measurements from whatever source available. The key problem we address is that loops suffer from miss- and over-counts, which result in unbounded errors in vehicle accumulations, rendering trajectory reconstruction highly problematic. Our framework solves this problem in two ways. First, we correct the systematic error in vehicle accumulation by fusing the counts with sparsely available travel times. Second, the proposed framework uses particle filtering and an innovative hierarchical resampling scheme, which effectively integrates over the remaining error distribution, resulting in plausible trajectories. The proposed data assimilation framework is tested and validated using simulated data. Experiments and an extensive sensitivity analysis show that the proposed method is robust to errors both in the model and in the measurements, and provides good estimations for vehicle accumulation and vehicle trajectories with moderate sensor quality. The framework does not impose restrictions on the type of microscopic models used and can be naturally extended to include and estimate additional trajectory attributes such as destination and path, given data are available for assimilation. 相似文献
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Even though a variety of human mobility models have been recently developed, models that can capture real-time human mobility of urban populations in a sustainable and economical manner are still lacking. Here, we propose a novel human mobility model that combines the advantages of mobile phone signaling data (i.e., comprehensive penetration in a population) and urban transportation data (i.e., continuous collection and high accuracy). Using the proposed human mobility model, travel demands during each 1-h time window were estimated for the city of Shenzhen, China. Significantly, the estimated travel demands not only preserved the distribution of travel demands, but also captured real-time bursts of mobility fluxes during large crowding events. Finally, based on the proposed human mobility model, a predictive model is deployed to predict crowd gatherings that usually cause severe traffic jams. 相似文献
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The integration of internet and mobile phones has opened the door to a new wave of utilizing private vehicles as probes not only for performance evaluation but for traffic control as well, gradually replacing the role of traffic surveillance systems as the dominant source of traffic data. To prepare for such a paradigm shift, one needs to overcome some key institutional barriers, in particular, the privacy issue. A Highway Voting System (HVS) is proposed to address this issue in which drivers provide link- and/or path-based vehicle data to the traffic management system in the form of “votes” in order to receive favorable service from traffic control. The proposed HVS offers a platform that links data from individual vehicles directly with traffic control. In the system, traffic control responds to voting vehicles in a way similar to the current system responding to prioritized vehicles and providing the requested services accordingly. We show in the paper that the proposed “voting” system can effectively resolve the privacy issue which often hampers traffic engineers from getting detailed data from drivers. Strategies to entice drivers into “voting” so as to increase the market penetration level under all traffic conditions are discussed. Though the focus of the paper is on addressing the institutional issues associated with data acquisition from individual vehicles, other research topics associated with the proposed system are identified. Two examples are given to demonstrate the impact of the proposed system on algorithm development and traffic control. 相似文献