Deployment of stationary and dynamic charging infrastructure for electric vehicles along traffic corridors

As charging-while-driving (CWD) technology advances, charging lanes can be deployed in the near future to charge electric vehicles (EVs) while in motion. Since charging lanes will be costly to deploy, this paper investigates the deployment of two types of charging facilities, namely charging lanes and charging stations, along a long traffic corridor to explore the competitiveness of charging lanes. Given the charging infrastructure supply, i.e., the number of charging stations, the number of chargers installed at each station, the length of charging lanes, and the charging prices at charging stations and lanes, we analyze the charging-facility-choice equilibrium of EVs. We then discuss the optimal deployment of charging infrastructure considering either the public or private provision. In the former, a government agency builds and operates both charging lanes and stations to minimize social cost, while in the latter, charging lanes and stations are assumed to be built and operated by two competing private companies to maximize their own profits. Numerical experiments based on currently available empirical data suggest that charging lanes are competitive in both cases for attracting drivers and generating revenue.     

Deploying public charging stations for electric vehicles on urban road networks

This paper explores how to optimally locate public charging stations for electric vehicles on a road network, considering drivers’ spontaneous adjustments and interactions of travel and recharging decisions. The proposed approach captures the interdependency of different trips conducted by the same driver by examining the complete tour of the driver. Given the limited driving range and recharging needs of battery electric vehicles, drivers of electric vehicles are assumed to simultaneously determine tour paths and recharging plans to minimize their travel and recharging time while guaranteeing not running out of charge before completing their tours. Moreover, different initial states of charge of batteries and risk-taking attitudes of drivers toward the uncertainty of energy consumption are considered. The resulting multi-class network equilibrium flow pattern is described by a mathematical program, which is solved by an iterative procedure. Based on the proposed equilibrium framework, the charging station location problem is then formulated as a bi-level mathematical program and solved by a genetic-algorithm-based procedure. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the models and provide insights on public charging infrastructure deployment and behaviors of electric vehicles.     

我国路面长期性能研究对策分析

阐述我国进行路面长期性能研究的必要性及其长远意义 ,分析我国当前开展研究的基础条件和主要障碍 ,提出了该项研究应遵循的基本策略及作为理论研究的几个关键问题 ,并对指导路面长期性能研究的方法论进行论述 .     

公路投资项目评价方法研究

经济评价是投资项目可行性研究的主要内容,对2006年出台的《建设项目经济评价方法与参数》(第三版)在指导思想、内容、方法和参数等方面主要的变化进行了解读,分析了当前公路投资项目的可行性研究及评价方法的现状及存的主要问题,提出了调整和完善公路投资项目的可行性研究及评价方法的建议。     

Scantling optimization based on convex linearizations and a dual approach—Part II

The development of the LBR-5 “Stiffened Panels Software” is included in the development of a new design methodology to ease and to improve preliminary studies of naval structures and floating hydraulic structures. It allows, as of the first draft, an optimization of the scantling of the structure's constituent elements. The ultimate target is to link standard design tools (steel structure CAD, hull form, hydrostatic curves, floating stability, weight estimation, etc.) with a rational optimization design module and a minimum construction cost (or minimum weight) objective function. It is developed to be a user-oriented tool. The optimization module is composed of three basic modules (OPTI, CONSTRAINT and COST) and a group of sub-modules (in external databases). Among these the user selects a set of relevant sub-modules (i.e. geometrical and structural constraints). Since the present optimization deals with least construction costs (as objective function), and uses an explicit objective function (not empirical), the user must specify labor costs (unitary material costs, welding, cutting, etc.). This paper is the second part of a series of two articles. The previous paper focused on the ‘Module-Oriented Optimization’ methodology and on the rational constraints (Rigo, Marine Structures 2001). This paper presents the optimization algorithm based on convex linearization and a dual approach (OPTI module). It also includes the optimization of a FSO unit as a detailed example.     

基于CRISP-DM的交通大数据分析方法及实践——以重庆市手机信令数据和RFID数据为例

随着交通大数据研究及应用日益广泛,其中存在的问题也越来越明显。很多分析结论存在概念模糊、数据质量不确定、分析方法不清晰等问题,导致分析结果经不起推敲,也缺乏可比性。究其主要原因是未能形成科学的大数据分析方法和统一的分析标准。提出基于CRISP-DM的交通大数据分析方法,包括目标要求、数据理解、数据准备、数据建模、模型验证、工程化应用(部署)6个阶段。结合重庆市交通大数据平台建设实践,以手机信令数据和车辆RFID数据为例,详细阐述数据理解、数据建模和模型验证三个重要步骤的具体做法,探索如何实现交通大数据分析的标准化、指标化和透明化。     

隐蔽地区进行GPS变形监测方法的研究

论述了在隐蔽地区用两颗GPS卫星进行变形监测的原理。经模拟测试 ,验证了其原理是正确的。最后介绍了用两颗GPS卫星进行变形监测的观测纲要     

关于编制企业定额的思考

企业定额是企业编制投标报价文件和工程项目成本管理的重要依据，是市场竞争的手段。此文对企业定额的编制意义，企业定额的种类，企业定额的编制范围、深度、原则、方法及编制工作组织进行了探讨。     

Development of six sigma concurrent parameter and tolerance design method based on response surface methodology

Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), an optimizing model of concurrent parameter and tolerance design is proposed where response mean equals its target in the target being best. The optimizing function of the model is the sum of quality loss and tolerance cost subjecting to the variance confidence region of which six sigma capability can be assured. An example is illustrated in order to compare the differences between the developed model and the parameter design with minimum variance. The results show that the proposed method not only achieves robustness, but also greatly reduces cast. The objectives of high quality and low cost of product and process can be achieved simultaneously by the application of six sigma concurrent parameter and tolerance design.     

现代造船模式下应用QFD方法初探

为了更好的适应现代造船模式,在质量控制上必须要有一种能够贯穿船舶设计、建造全过程的系统方法。运用QFD在研制之初,就对建造全过程的质量控制点及要求进行研究,使建造过程的每个关键点都能预先得到有效策划,便于建造过程中加强控制,保证船舶建造的质量。