一种高精度信号采集系统的设计和研究

随着市场传感器的精度越来越高,在实际应用时则需要高精度的采集系统与之配套使用。文章针对微小采集信号,使用高精度仪表运算放大器进行放大,使用多路模拟信号选择器实现多通道信号的实时采集工作。实验表明,系统工作状态稳定,精度高,效果好。     

基于小波变换的轨道检测数据滤波方法

为了尽量减小轨道检测数据中夹杂的粗大噪声干扰对轨道检测结果的影响,利用小波算法对轨道检测数据滤波处理是一种可行方法。分析了dbl,db2,db3和db4小波基对轨道检测数据中高频突变脉冲信号的敏感性,选用较为敏感的db1小波基对轨道检测数据进行小波分解。通过3σ准则识别出粗大误差点并加以剔除,对轨道检测数据的高频和低频部分进行小波重构,从而达到较好的轨道检测数据去噪滤波效果。分别采用均方误差值、信噪比和平滑度指标对几种小波的去噪滤波效果进行了分析比较,进一步验证了db1小波能在轨道检测数据的处理中达到较好的去噪滤波效果。实例表明,论文提出的方法对能够敏感地识别轨道检测数据中的噪声信号,有效地剔除检测数据中的粗大误差,达到较为理想的轨道检测数据滤波效果。     

Iris Localization Based on Edge Searching Strategies

An iris localization scheme based on edge searching strategies is presented. First, the edge detection operator Laplacian-of-Gaussian （LOG） is used to iris original image to search its inner boundary. Then, a circle detection operator is introduced to locate the outer boundary and its center, which is invariant of translation, rotation and scale. Finally, the method of curve fitting is developed in localization of eyelid. The performance of the proposed method is tested with 756 iris images from 108 different classes in CASIA Iris Database and compared with the conventional Hough transform method. The experimental results show that without loss of localization accuracy, the proposed iris localization algorithm is apparendy faster than Hough transform.     

Fracture Mechanics for a Mode Ⅲ Crack in a Piezoelectromagnetic Material

Analytical solutions for a Griffith crack inside an infinite piezoelectromagnetic medium under combined mechanical-electrical-magnetic loadings are formulated using integral transform method. The singular stress, elec tric and magnetic fields in the piezoelectromagnetic material are obtained by the theory of linear piezoelectromagneticity. Fourier transforms are used to reduce the mixed boundary value problems of the crack, which is as sumed to be permeable, to dual integral equations. The solution of the dual integral equations is then expressed analytically. Expressions for strains, stresses, electric fields, electric displacements, magnetic fields and magnetic inductions in the vicinity of the crack tip are derived. Field intensity factors and energy release rate for piezoelectromagnetic material are obtained. The stresses, electric displacements and magnetic inductions at the crack tip show the traditional square root singularities; and the electric field intensity factor （EFIF） and the magnetic field intensity factor （MFIF） are always zero.     

小波变换在轴承故障声发射信号降噪中的应用

噪声消除是小波变换最成功的应用之一，其基本思想是将信号的小波变换系数通过阈值处理，然后进行小波重构得到降躁的信号。根据故障轴承声发射信号的脉冲特性选取Morlet小波．以“小波熵最小”原则确定Morlet小波的波形参数，然后进行连续小波变换。采用软阈值方法处理小波东数，通过小波重构得到降噪后的故障声发射信号，噪声得到了很好的抑制，故障脉冲特征明显增强。采用实验数据，通过与离散小波变换的比较，得到了用连续小波变换可以有效降低噪声、提取故障声发射信号特征的结论。     

小波域中值滤波的图像去噪方法

提出了小波域中值滤波的去噪方法,在去除高斯白噪声的同时能有效地去除脉冲噪声.此方法是在小波域内对高频子带进行中值滤波,然后选择相应的门限进行降噪处理.仿真实验表明该算法不仅能滤除图像中的脉冲噪声和高斯噪声,而且能较好的保留图像的边缘细节,其滤波效果优于小波软阀值去噪.     

交通流状态辨识小波算法研究

针对智能交通系统的开发和交通流特性，应用小波多分辨分析理论的Mallat分解算法建立交通流状态辨识方法，利用多种小波系数与交通流参数之问的相应变化规律进行交通突变状态的辨识．交通流状态的突变多与交通事件直接相关，故采用事件和非事件条件下的模拟数据对算法参数进行了标定及离线测试．将算法与几种传统算法分别进行了性能比较，结果表明Mallat分解算法在交通流突变状态实时辨识方面具有很好的性能．     

基于双参数的管道泄漏检测系统的研究

泄漏检测在油料长输管道安全生产中占有重要的位置,介绍了一种基于压力流量双参数的管道泄漏检测系统的总体设计。其中压力检测利用了负压波法,负压波拐点的提取引入了小波变换理论,对时间及负压波波速的确定提出了解决的方法。提高了泄漏检测灵敏度和定位精度。     

Radar Emitter Signal Recognition Using Wavelet Packet Transform and Support Vector Machines

This paper presents a novel method for radar emitter signal recognition. First, wavelet packet transform （WPT） is introduced to extract features from radar emitter signals. Then, rough set theory is used to select the optimal feature subset with good discriminability from original feature set, and support vector machines （SVMs） are employed to design classifiers. A large number of experimental results show that the proposed method achieves very high recognition rates for 9 radar emitter signals in a wide range of signal-to-noise rates, and proves a feasible and valid method.     

机械变速过程的瞬时参数与频谱分析

为提高机械变速过程中振动信号分析的准确性，通过分析旋转机械的变速测量过程，建立了变速测量方式与信号时变统计特性之间的非线性变换关系，并引入希尔伯特变换确定信号的瞬时参数．结果表明，根据信号的瞬时频率对测量信号进行内插处理，可以消除因变速引起的信号频谱的畸变，准确反映振动信号的频谱特征．