长距离密闭输油管道的水击数值模拟

在长距离密闭输油管道中间泵站断电停运的情况下,采用特征线法对全线压力变化情况进行了数值模拟。结果表明:越是靠近下游的泵站停运后,越能更快地形成越站输送,出现进站压力小于泵吸入压力的时间越晚,管道的最大压力越大,管道出现液柱分离的机会越小等。     

Integrating mesoscopic dynamic traffic assignment with agent-based travel behavior models for cumulative land development impact analysis

A number of approaches have been developed to evaluate the impact of land development on transportation infrastructure. While traditional approaches are either limited to static modeling of traffic performance or lack a strong travel behavior foundation, today’s advanced computational technology makes it feasible to model an individual traveler’s response to land development. This study integrates dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) with a positive agent-based microsimulation travel behavior model for cumulative land development impact studies. The integrated model not only enhances the behavioral implementation of DTA, but also captures traffic dynamics. It provides an advanced yet practical approach to understanding the impact of a single or series of land development projects on an individual driver’s behavior, as well as the aggregated impacts on the demand pattern and time-dependent traffic conditions. A simulation-based optimization (SBO) approach is proposed for the calibration of the modeling system. The SBO calibration approach enhances the transferability of this integrated model to other study areas. Using a case study that focuses on the cumulative land development impact along a congested corridor in Maryland, various regional and local travel behavior changes are discussed to show the capability of this tool for behavior side estimations and the corresponding traffic impacts.     

低排量下并联甩泵分析与对策

乌鄯原油支干线乌鲁木齐输油首站低排量下给油泵特殊工况并联运行极易出现甩泵故障,给输油生产带来困扰和设备危害。通过对几年来甩泵分析,找出原因,制定对策（提高来油温度、缩小过滤器差压报警值、流量计并行、降低外输排量等）,减少了并联运行次数,避免了并联甩泵现象的再次发生,为密闭输油生产中合理配泵提供参考。     

列车提速后《铁路技术管理规程》发展演变特征研究

《铁路技术管理规程》是我国铁路的基本规章,研究不同版本的演变特征对其管理及不断修订完善具有重要意义。通过对铁路列车提速以来近三版《铁路技术管理规程》修订背景回顾与发展历程分析,基于文本相似度算法,构建了不同版本间的条款关联关系并量化分析了相邻版本及各个章节条款关联强度。运用政策文献计量法,逐版逐条研究其修订类型并从版本与章节两个维度分别量化分析了条款修订类型分布特征。在此基础上,总结提出了《铁路技术管理规程》演变发展特征与趋势。该研究对《铁路技术管理规程》的科学管理及今后动态修订完善具有重要支撑作用。     

CDUBGM-Markov模型在铁路客运量预测中的应用

文章在传统的灰色模型和马尔柯夫模型的基础上,提出了动态无偏灰色马尔柯夫模型,阐述了该模型的建立方法,并采用这三种模型对我国铁路客运量进行了预测,对比结果表明动态无偏灰色马尔柯夫模型的拟合效果较好,预测精度较高,是一种行之有效的预测方法。     

A macroscopic theory for unsignalized intersections

The following paper presents a dynamic macroscopic model for unsignalized intersections which accounts for time-limited disruptions in the minor stream flow, even in free-flow conditions when the average flow demand is satisfied. It introduces a deterministic fictive traffic light to represent an average alternating sequence of available and busy time periods for insertion depending on the major stream flow. Two allocation schemes of the total outflow during green periods are developed to model the influence or non-influence of the minor stream over the major stream flow. The aggregation of the resulting dynamic flow variations gives relevant capacity values. Moreover, the model predicts accurate average vehicle delay and queue length estimates compared to theoretical and empirical data. It has three easy-to-measure parameters and can be integrated into a dynamic macroscopic simulation tool for urban networks.     

大城市中心区实施拥堵收费的影响评价研究

文章在分析大城市中心区拥堵收费实施条件与方式的基础上,定性分析实施拥堵收费对居民出行行为以及中心区动静态交通的影响,最后提出基于模糊评价理论的中心区拥堵收费影响评价模型.     

高烈度地震区公路隧道洞口段地震响应分析

根据隧道地震安全性评价报告和地勘资料,建立了三维数值计算模型并采用一致粘弹性人工边界模拟动力边界,对高烈度地震区公路隧道洞口段进行了瞬态动力计算。计算结果表明:在三向地震荷载激励下,洞口段衬砌的地震响应具有明显滞后性,衬砌以水平横向振动为主、轴向振动次之、竖向振动最弱;洞口段衬砌的拱腰部位将承受极大拉应力和剪应力,可设减震层吸收地震能量。通过对衬砌相对位移的分析得出,衬砌横向和轴向变形都很小,衬砌稳定性尚好。     

Geometric design safety estimation based on tire–road side friction

A closed-loop drive–vehicle–road–environment system (DVRES) model was established using Adams/Car and Matlab/Simulink. Dynamic responses of lateral tire forces based on tire–road side friction and road geometric characteristics are used to investigate vehicle side slip for geometric design safety estimation. The root mean square, the maximum values of lateral tire forces, comfort limit on curves and vehicle trajectories are used to quantify the safety margin of side friction. The simulation results show that the safety margins of lateral tire forces for radius, operating speed and superelevation rate were 18.2%, 19.3% and 17.6%, respectively, to guarantee good vehicle lateral reliability and ride comfort, while lower speeds are optimal in wet and slippery roads. Finally, a case study was conducted to illustrate the analysis of road design safety, and on-site experiment testing further validated the accuracy and reliability of the closed-loop DVRES model.     

贝雷架钢桥的静动力荷载试验研究

文章结合工程实例,通过对贝雷梁桥梁静动力荷载试验,指出贝雷架钢桥连接部分存在联系不够紧密、桥梁横向分配性较差、桥面的振动感觉明显及钢梁易锈蚀等问题。提出了改善贝雷架钢桥结构的力学性能和使用状况,加强结构的定期检查及监测等相关建议。