旧水泥砼路面加铺沥青面层结构技术经济分析

文章结合某高速公路水泥混凝土路面大修情况,介绍不同路段采用不同的加铺沥青层设计方案,并就路面维修建设费用和使用寿命间的经济关系进行分析和研究,为同类维修项目提供参考。     

The impact of high-speed rail investment on economic and environmental change in China: A dynamic CGE analysis

This study investigates the impact of high-speed rail investment on the economy and environment in China using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The analysis is implemented in a dynamic recursive framework capturing long-run capital accumulation and labor market equilibrium. A national level impact was simulated through direct impact drivers including land use conversion, output expansion, cost reduction, productivity increase, transport demand substitution and induced demand. The results suggest that rail investment in China over the past decade has been a positive stimulus to the economy, while the effect on CO₂ emissions generation has been large. Overall, the economic impacts of rail investment are achieved primarily through induced demand and output expansion, whereas the contribution from a reduction of rail transportation costs and rail productivity increases were modest. In addition, negligible negative impacts were found from land use for rail development and the substitution effect among other modes. Emissions reduction from substitution of rail for other modes was small and offset by output expansion due to lowered rail transport costs and induced demand.     

机械化施工方案的技术经济分析

通过对机械化施工方案技术经济的重要性和分析步骤的叙述,介绍了机械化施工中工程成本的内容和计算方法,并重点描述了施工方案技术经济分析方法中常用的工程成本法和回收期计算法.     

基于Markov链修正的铁路运量灰色组合预测模型研究

预测模型的准确与否直接决定着未来经济规划与决策的有效制定。将灰色GM(1,1)-Verhulst组合预测模型与马尔可夫链方法相结合,同时引入信息熵理论的知识,提出基于Markov链修正的熵权法灰色组合预测方法,并以甘肃省2004年～2015年铁路客运量作为原始数据序列进行模型拟合,而且还以此为基础对甘肃省未来几年内的客运量发展趋势进行预测。结论:(1)在已知实际客运量年份内,该灰色组合预测模型的预测精度比单一灰色预测模型更高、更加准确;(2)采用马尔可夫链方法获得该组合模型的偏差规律,并依照此规律对预测结果进行修正,即由一个单一的预测数值修正成为区间和概率组成的预测范围;(3)通过比较2016年～2017年的客运量实际值、组合预测模型的单一预测值和Markov链修正的预测区间值,发现Markov链修正的预测结果与客运量实际值的吻合性良好,进一步验证此预测方法的可信性。     

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社会经济效益评价是铁路干线路网规划及建设项目决策的重要前提和依据。本文在系统分析铁路干线建设项目社会经济效益的特点和扩散途径基础上，描述了铁路干线建设与区域经济发展之间的内在机理，建立了系统动力学模型，分铁路运输需求和供给两个子系统，利用Versim软件对铁路干线的社会经济效益进行仿真模拟和测算，同时结合京九铁路阜阳段的实际案例对模型和方法进行了验证，结果较为客观合理。该研究有助于提高铁路建设项目管理及规划决策科学化、规范化水平，为铁路大规模建设时期的项目决策提供依据。     

Resilience in transportation systems: a systematic review and future directions

ABSTRACT

The Belt and Road (B&R) initiative was introduced by the Chinese government to promote the worldwide economic development and multilateral cooperation between China and the associated countries. As a crucial part of global supply chains, transportation plays a key role to ensure the implementation of the B&R. Safety is one of the issues with great importance in transportation research. However, its foci have been expanded from traditional risk through security to resilience and sustainability. Resilience has attracted considerable interests from both researchers and practitioners across different research domains in recent years. Various studies have been conducted on transportation resilience from different perspectives. Consequently, different definitions have been developed to define and describe resilience. This paper presents a systematic review on transportation resilience with emphasis on its definitions, characteristics, and research methods applied in different transportation systems/contexts. It aims to figure out what transportation resilience is and what kind of essential characters it usually has. More importantly, research challenges are analysed and a future research agenda on the resilience of transportation systems is proposed. This paper will provide comprehensive insights into understanding the transportation resilience, as well as establish new horizons for relevant research topics within the context of the B&R.     

高聚物注浆技术处治高速公路病害的经济效益分析

高聚物注浆维修高速公路病害技术是公路养护维修技术领域的新成果，体现了非开挖、精细化的理念，具有施工快捷、根治病害等优点，与传统维修方式相比，体现了显著的经济效益和社会效益。以安新高速公路示范工程为例，从直接效益和间接效益两方面对高聚物注浆技术和常规开挖换填两种方案进行了分析评价，结果表明高聚物技术具有明显的经济效益，可节省费用10552．73万元，效益提高56．56％。     

城市交通综合改善项目经济效益分析方法研究

通过分析综合交通改善的特点,抽象分析各子项目的影响范围,提出现有测算方法存在重复计算的问题。然后,分析各子项目经济效益产生机理和测算指标及其特点,得到对各子项目的经济效益测算是针对几种受益主体进行分析的结论,提出对客车、公交车、自行车、行人和管理单位等受益主体进行综合经济效益分析的方法。     

实质重于形式原则在企业的运用分析

依据新的《企业会计准则》,从会计核算的确认、计量、记录和报告等方面分析了实质重于形式原则在会计实务中的运用及存在问题。     

鄱阳湖生态经济区文化软实力建设刍议

鄱阳湖生态经济区文化软实力建设是提升鄱阳湖生态经济区整体实力和竞争力的必然要求，是指基于已有文化资源，通过采取相应举措，增强其内在的凝聚力、生命力、创新力和外在的感召力、吸引力、影响力。丰富的文化资源是文化软实力建设的基础。鄱阳湖生态经济区文化资源转化为文化软实力还面临内在凝聚力不强、对外传播力不大等诸多困境，提炼核心价值观、加强传播力度、推进资源开发、吸纳优质人才、强化合作交流、构建长效机制是破解困境之策。