车号自动识别系统日常维护典型问题

结合货车车号自动识别系统日常维护工作,从系统的室外机械部分和室内电子部分2方面分析了系统的典型故障的判断和处理方法,包括磁钢、天线、车号接收软件、车号主机工作状态异常、同轴电缆线等故障.     

北京铁路局货运保价信息管理系统的开发与应用

为适应铁路货运工作的不断发展,以及不断提升的保价服务质量要求,在分析既有货运事故理赔工作现状和存在问题的基础上,提出开发和应用北京铁路局货运保价信息管理系统。阐述货运保价信息管理系统开发的必要性、开发技术环境和功能模块,并对系统的推广和应用前景进行展望。     

我国铁路货运电子商务系统阶段风险控制研究

在对铁路货运电子商务进行概述的基础上,将铁路货运电子商务系统的生命周期分为5个阶段,并按照其实现的功能归结为研发阶段、试点阶段和运营阶段,同时论述了铁路货运电子商务系统各阶段的重点任务。从研发阶段、试点阶段和运营阶段3个方面,对铁路货运电子商务系统阶段风险进行分析,在此基础上提出我国铁路货运电子商务系统风险控制措施。     

Nature or nurture: why do railroads carry greater freight share in the United States than in Europe?

During the 1950s, the share of freight carried by railroads was similar and declining in both the United States and Europe. By 2000, the railroads’ share of freight (measured in ton–kilometers) had reached 38% in the United States while falling to 8% in Europe. This paper examines the reasons for the difference in rail’s share of freight in Europe and the United States. We find that almost 83% of the gap in 2000 is probably due to natural or inherent differences, principally geography, shipment distance, and commodity mix. However, 17% of the gap cannot be explained by these inherent differences and is presumably due to public policies including priority of passenger service, lack of interoperability at borders, service quality and rates, and incentives of the rail operators. We estimate that if that policy gap were closed, railroads’ share of freight in Europe would increase from 8% to 13%.

基于货主偏好的中欧班列定价与补贴机制研究

针对中欧班列发展过程中的补贴政策有效性问题，本文立足于高、低值货主在运输价格和运营平台服务质量偏好上的差异，考虑补贴货主运价和补贴平台公司运营成本两种补贴方式，构建由政府、运营平台和货主组成的三级博弈模型，分别求解统一定价补贴机制和差异化定价补贴机制下各主体的最优决策信息。通过对比不同情形下货主订购量、消费者剩余，以及政府补贴额度的差异探究各补贴方式和定价补贴机制的适用范围，并结合实际进行数值分析。结果表明：在差异化定价补贴机制下，补贴运价能够比补贴运营成本给低货值货主带来更多消费者剩余；当货主的价格敏感系数低于特定临界值时，补贴既无法给政府带来补贴绩效也不能使该部分货主产生订购量，故可考虑取消该部分货主的补贴。此外还发现，当运营平台的单位运输成本满足一定条件时，采用差异化的定价补贴机制可在不降低货主订购量和消费者剩余的基础上实现“补贴退坡”效果。