随机风浪下的游艇稳性可靠度计算

建立游艇横摇运动微分方程,利用马尔科夫过程理论和路径积分法进行求解,得到游艇横摇角概率密度函数。借鉴结构可靠性计算方法建立游艇稳性概率计算模型,采用当量正态化法(JC法)求解得到游艇稳性可靠度。实例计算表明:游艇在不同海域下的稳性可靠度存在一定差异,随着外界风浪增大,游艇稳性可靠度呈逐步下降趋势,且都存在一个快速下降的波高区间。该方法能够更科学地评判游艇在不同航行条件下的稳性状况,是游艇稳性横准研究的发展方向之一。     

A Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy with multiclass network equilibria

This paper extends the work on Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy for general road networks by considering heterogeneous users with different values of time. Mathematical programming models are proposed to find a multiclass Pareto-improving pure road space rationing scheme (MPI-PR) and multiclass hybrid rationing and pricing schemes (MHPI and MHPI-S). A numerical example with a multimodal network is provided for comparing both the efficiency and equity of the three proposed policies. We discover that MHPI-S can achieve the largest reduction in total system delay, MHPI can induce the least spatial inequity and MHPI-S is a progressive policy which is appealing to policy makers. Furthermore, numerical results reveal that different classes of users react differently to the same hybrid policies and multiclass Pareto-improving hybrid schemes yield less delay reduction when compared to their single-class counterparts.     

Back-Calculation of Ground Stress Field and Rockburst Analysis for Wunvfeng Tunnel北大核心CSCD

Studying the in-situ stress distribution at a tunnel site is very important to determine surrounding rock characteristics, the engineering design and the construction scheme. By using the multiple linear regression method based on the least square algorithm, the initial geostress field is analyzed and the corresponding regression coefficients are obtained. The ground stress obtained from the proposed back analysis is reasonable and can meet the demands of the engineering applications. From the rockburst risk level distribution diagram, it is speculated that the Wunvfeng tunnel is in the high filed stress area. Field monitoring should be strengthened and emergency plans should be made to cope with the rockburst risks during the construction process. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Model Test on Grouting Law in Dynamic Water-Rich Sand Layers by the Electric Resistance Method北大核心CSCD

In order to study the diffusion law of grouting slurry in the water-rich sand layer under flowing water conditions, a grouting test model consisting of a main test system, a grouting system, and a measurement system was developed. And for detecting the diffusion scope of the grouts, a new resistivity method was proposed. It is found that the relationship between grouting pressure and grouting rate during the test is strong. Under hydrodynamic conditions, the grouting slurry diffuses elliptically. Due to gravity and the effect of the upper water flow, the center of gravity of the ellipsoid is below the grouting outlet, and the grouting effectively improves the physical and mechanical properties of water-rich sand bodies. At the same time, the resistivity method has a good application effect on the detection of grouting diffusion range. The range of slurry diffusion obtained by the resistivity method is basically consistent with the boundary of the stone body after excavation, indicating that the resistivity method is reliable for detection of grouting range in dynamic water-rich sand layer. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Analysis of Ground Response and Structure Stress Induced by PBA Method北大核心CSCD

The application of prefabricated tunnel technology has been become a new research field both in China and abroad. Based on the running tunnel between Yufuhe station and Wangfuzhuang station of Jinan rail transit line R1, a new prefabricated tunnel construction technology, the PBA method is presented. This paper makes a detailed discussion on section form, supporting scheme and construction process of the PBA method. In this study, 3D a new 3D numerical model for PBA method is presented by finite difference numerical simulation software Flac and the construction processes are modeled. The rule of ground surface settlement, ground deformation and structural stress caused by PBA method is studied in detail. Results show that the structure of PBA method can effectively control the deformation magnitude and scope. Stress concentration appears at the prefabricated connection parts and the reinforcement needs to check. The total assembled structure forms the load-bearing system after the completion of the lateral wall. The built-in depth of the precast pile and pile bottom grouting quality should to be ensured to control the displacement of the precast piles. The results of this study will be a useful reference for similar projects in the future. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem

This paper proposes simple and direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem. It is only necessary to account for random variables independent of link flows by performing a simple transformation of the perceived link travel time with a normal distribution. At every iteration of a Monte-Carlo simulation procedure, the values of the random variables are sampled based on their probability distributions, and then a regular deterministic user equilibrium assignment is carried out to produce link flows. The link flows produced at each iteration of the Monte-Carlo simulation are averaged to yield the final flow pattern. Two test networks demonstrate that the proposed algorithms and the traditional algorithm (the Method of Successive Averages) produce similar results and that the proposed algorithms can be extended to the computation of the case in which the random error term depends on measured travel time.     

不同冷却方式对大尺寸钢板感应加热成形的影响

为有效解决船用中厚钢板复杂曲面加工问题,本文探究了空气冷却、正面水冷和反面水冷方式对大尺寸钢板弯曲成型的影响因素。首先采用COMSOL Multiphysics仿真平台模拟了电磁感应加热和冷却变形多物理场同步耦合过程,然后分析了各种因素对大尺寸钢板弯曲成型影响,最后通过实验验证了有限元模型的可靠性,并对感应加热弯曲成型效果进行评估。研究结果表明:(1)相对于水冷,空冷对钢板Y向位移改变效果显著。(2)相对于空冷,水冷对钢板角位移的改变影响明显。(3)当频率为50kHz时,电流频率对表面温度和角位移影响显著。(4)当钢板长宽比≥1:2时,Y向位移的增加比较显著;当长宽比≈1:1时,角位移的改变比较明显。     

改进的锤击法测量原点阻抗

机械阻抗是机械系统特性的集中参数表示, 是解决机械系统耦合问题的一个重要工具。现有的机械阻抗方法有激振器激振传感器,冲击锤敲击实验结构等方法,但都有各自的局限性。本文提出了改进的锤击法测量原点阻抗。通过实验对比,对其可行性进行了研究,证明了此种方法可以快速并较为准确的获得结构的原点阻抗,具有工程实用性。     

嵌岩桩竖向承载力预测方法

现行规范计算方法不同、参数取值不一,导致各类设计方案差异较大。基于收集的193组嵌岩桩静载试验数据,对各类极限侧阻力、端阻力预测方法的适用性进行研究,分别建立了不同岩石类型极限侧阻力、端阻力与岩体无侧限抗压强度的关系。在此基础上,给出了嵌岩桩竖向承载力的建议计算方法。结合试验实测资料验证了推荐方法的可行性,并与现行规范方法进行比较。结果表明,对于硬质岩层嵌岩桩竖向承载力的确定,现行规范方法计算结果偏大,用于工程设计时偏于危险,建议采用推荐的计算方法。     

桩-土-承台相互作用的有限元简化模型

针对低桩承台结构计算中往往只考虑桩土作用,忽视承台与土相互作用的问题,通过工程实例,建立考虑桩-土-承台相互作用的低桩承台有限元简化模型,分析桩间土的承载作用对承台和桩内力的影响。结果表明:在简化模型中考虑桩间土的承载作用后,承台弯矩和桩基轴力可减少35%～40%;桩身弯矩和剪力主要受水平力和土体m值影响;桩基轴力随地基土基床系数的增大而逐渐减小,但减幅逐渐趋缓。