光纤Bragg光栅应变灵敏度的分析

在光纤Bragg光栅传感原理的基础上,从理论上着重研究了由弹光效应引起的轴向应变灵敏度和径向应变灵敏度,并分别进行了轴向应变与径向应变灵敏度和轴向应力与径向应力灵敏度的仿真,仿真结果与理论分析相符。另外,对于动态轴向应变的情况,也给出了波长漂移随时间变化的仿真结果。     

基于光纤光栅的扭矩传感器

为了实现恶劣条件下对扭矩的精确稳定测量,设计并实现了一种新型的基于光纤光栅的扭矩传感器。为克服扭矩测量系统易受外界影响的缺点,设计了光纤光栅全桥光路,实现了温度和弯矩的自动补偿。通过扭矩标准装置加载试验和水下环境加载试验分别测试了其测量精确度以及水下工作性能。结果表明,该光纤光栅扭矩传感器的最大非线性误差、重复性以及水下工作稳定性均达到0.1%以内,说明该传感器不但具有良好的测量精度,而且能够在船用环境等恶劣扭矩测量条件下较好地工作。研究结果为船用环境中扭矩测量的研究与应用提供了重要参考。     

聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土在桥面铺装中的应用

在天津至汕尾高速公路施工段,将聚丙烯腈纤维添加到桥面铺装混凝土中,以增强混凝土的抗裂性和韧性方面取得了显著效果,较好地解决了桥面混凝土铺装出现早期裂缝问题。     

Autonomous vehicle perception: The technology of today and tomorrow

Perception system design is a vital step in the development of an autonomous vehicle (AV). With the vast selection of available off-the-shelf schemes and seemingly endless options of sensor systems implemented in research and commercial vehicles, it can be difficult to identify the optimal system for one’s AV application. This article presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art AV perception technology available today. It provides up-to-date information about the advantages, disadvantages, limits, and ideal applications of specific AV sensors; the most prevalent sensors in current research and commercial AVs; autonomous features currently on the market; and localization and mapping methods currently implemented in AV research. This information is useful for newcomers to the AV field to gain a greater understanding of the current AV solution landscape and to guide experienced researchers towards research areas requiring further development. Furthermore, this paper highlights future research areas and draws conclusions about the most effective methods for AV perception and its effect on localization and mapping. Topics discussed in the Perception and Automotive Sensors section focus on the sensors themselves, whereas topics discussed in the Localization and Mapping section focus on how the vehicle perceives where it is on the road, providing context for the use of the automotive sensors. By improving on current state-of-the-art perception systems, AVs will become more robust, reliable, safe, and accessible, ultimately providing greater efficiency, mobility, and safety benefits to the public.     

区域智能交通车辆系统发展及其关键技术综述

综合概括区域智能交通车辆研究中涉及的关键技术,重点介绍了导航控制技术、传感器信息融合技术及通信技术。国内外研究现状表明,区域智能交通车辆系统在区域交通中具有良好的应用前景,是智能车辆领域新的研究热点。     

汽车油管式动态称重的仿真与分析

介绍了油管式汽车动态称重系统。运用VPG技术、利用动态显式非线性有限元分析软件LS-DYNA对某两轴货车满载驶过油管式称重仪的全过程进行了数值模拟。分析单/双胎、车速、油管内初始油压和管径等因素对传感器输出特性的影响。仿真分析结果与实车试验结果趋势一致,验证了仿真分析方法的正确性。     

基于FBG光纤监测系统的混凝土桥梁张拉过程监控

为验证光纤光栅可应用于钢筋混凝土桥梁的施工监测，在介绍光纤光栅传感器的基本原理的基础上，在桥梁施工过程中，使用埋设在桥体混凝土结构内部的光纤光栅传感器，实时测量预应力索张拉过程中桥体关键部位的应变变化，评估张拉过程的质量，并利用监测数据进行有限元模拟计算，比较实测值与理论值，从而评价桥梁的施工质量和安全性。     

磁测式船舶姿态自动测量装置研究

利用三维磁传感器直接敏感在同状态下两个不同坐标系中的船舶综合磁场三维磁感应强度,研制了出一种新型的船舶姿态实时测量系统,并对该系统的测量原理,误差分析,校正原理与方法等作了较全面的论述。     

Reliable sensor deployment for network traffic surveillance

New sensor technologies enable synthesis of disaggregated vehicle information from multiple locations. This paper proposes a reliable facility location model to optimize traffic surveillance benefit from synthesized sensor pairs (e.g., for travel time estimation) in addition to individual sensor flow coverage (e.g., for traffic volume statistics), while considering probabilistic sensor failures. Customized greedy and Lagrangian relaxation algorithms are proposed to solve this problem, and their performance is discussed. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms solve the problem efficiently. We also discuss managerial insights on how optimal sensor deployment and surveillance benefits vary with surveillance objective and system parameters (such as sensor failure probabilities).     

层内混杂纤维布约束混凝土柱轴压性能试验研究

试验采用三种纤维(芳纶纤维、聚脂纤维和尼龙纤维)混杂而成的IHFRP布.通过IHFRP布约束混凝土圆柱体、棱柱体的轴压试验,研究了其破坏形态、应力一应变全曲线、峰值应力、极限应变、延性性能.试验结果表明:IHFRP显著提高了柱的承载力,对于相同层数纤维布约束试件随着混杂纤维布中芳纶纤维含量的增加,承载力增长越显著;IH...