具有先进保护功能的新型IGBT门极驱动器集成电路

论述了IGBT门极驱动器设计新方案,它具有先进的保护功能,如元件采用双电平开通以减小峰值电流,采用双电平关断以限制过电压,以及防止出现桥臂贯通的有源密勒箝位.此外还介绍一种包括双电平关断驱动器和有源密勒箝位功能的新电路,并对所述功能的试验及结果进行阐述,重点介绍双电平关断驱动器的中间电平对IGBT过电压的影响.     

Maximizing net benefits for conventional and flexible bus services

Transit ridership is usually sensitive to fares, travel times, waiting times, and access times, among other factors. Therefore, the elasticities of demand with respect to such factors should be considered in modeling bus transit services and must be considered when maximizing net benefits (i.e. “system welfare” = consumer surplus + producer surplus) rather just minimizing costs. In this paper welfare is maximized with elastic demand relations for both conventional (fixed route) and flexible-route services in systems with multiple dissimilar regions and periods. As maximum welfare formulations are usually too complex for exact solutions, they have only been used in a few studies focused on conventional transit services. This limitation is overcome here for both conventional and flexible transit services by using a Real Coded Genetic Algorithm to solve such mixed integer nonlinear welfare maximization problems with constraints on capacities and subsidies. The optimized variables include service type, zone sizes, headways and fares. We also determine the maximum welfare threshold between optimized conventional and flexible services) and explore the effects of subsidies. The proposed planning models should be useful in selecting the service type and optimizing other service characteristics based on local geographic characteristics and financial constraints.     

Time-domain structural analysis during block turnover and lifting using 2D flexible multibody dynamics

Ship construction involves the assembly of several blocks on a dock. When a block is lifted using a crane, it undergoes deformation. Until now, structural analysis has been applied in a few cases to evaluate the stress on such blocks. Therefore, this study proposes an evaluation method for time-domain stress using 2D flexible multibody dynamics. We adopt the discrete Euler-Lagrange equation to achieve robustness during the numerical integration of problems that involve high stiffness. We formulate the equations of motion of 2D shell elements based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation, which is an efficient analysis technique for nonlinear and large deformation cases. We also derive the two types of kinematic constraints (ball and fixed joints) between the rigid and shell element, which can be attached to an arbitrary point. Based on the theories, we develop the program to build models, including 2D flexible multibody dynamics and several joints, and to solve the equations of motion efficiently. As a result, it is successfully applied to the dynamic analysis of the block turnover by a gantry crane and the block lifting by a floating crane. The von-Mises stresses that change over time are compared to the maximum yield stress and analyzed according to the wave direction.     

来华留学生中华文化认同培养路径探析

文化认同与跨文化适应存在着耦合关系。对来华留学生的中华文化认同培养是提高其跨文化适应能力,提升留学生教育质量的重要途径之一。基于两所高校的来华留学生调查问卷数据分析,总体而言来华留学生的中华文化认同处于中等偏上的水平,且在认知、情感和行为三个维度上的得分较为均衡,但留学生的汉语水平、中华文化输入渠道等制约了其对中华文化的认同。针对来华留学生中华文化认同的现状,可通过加强对外汉语教学,创新对外汉语教学策略,构建中华文化课程体系,完善中华文化多元评价考核体系,提高对外汉语教师的跨文化意识,加强国际化校园文化建设,拓展各类文化体验活动等途径提升留学生对中华文化的认同度,帮助留学生更好地实现跨文化适应。     

Experimental research on dynamic responses characteristics and influence laws of gear transmission-propulsion system under gear excitation北大核心CSCD

［Objective］In order to study the dynamic response characteristics and influence laws of a marine gear transmission-propulsion system, a series of bench tests is carried out.［Methods］First, a biaxial gear transmission-propulsion system test bench including a cross connection gear is built. Experiments to test the acceleration response of the gearbox body and propulsion shaft system are then carried out, and the influence of speed, driving mode, axial static thrust, axial dynamic excitation force from the propeller and other factors on the dynamic response characteristics of the system are compared and analyzed. ［Results］The experimental results show that the transmission law of the vibration acceleration response of the gear transmission-propulsion system is mainly at the meshing frequency and its multipliers, as well as peaks in the low frequency band of 30–80 Hz under certain working conditions. ［Conclusion］This study can provide technical support for the vibration and noise reduction design of gear transmission-propulsion systems. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.     

Local structural analysis of flexible pipes subjected to traction,torsion and pressure loads

Helically armored cables or pipes find a wide range of applications as structural members in engineering. An example of this is the increasing use of flexible pipes in the oil offshore production. Although keeping a geometrical similarity with other helically armored structures such as wire ropes and ACSR conductors, and borrowing from them a useful methodology for the structural analysis, some care must be taken in order not to indiscriminately use an approach which was not thought for a flexible pipe: internal and external pressures, for instance, are a great concern in the analysis of flexible pipes, but obviously not for wire ropes. This work aims at giving some additional contribution to the structural response of flexible pipes when subjected to axisymmetric loads, including the effect of both internal and external pressure in pipe displacements. Derivation of linear operators, relating the stress-resultants to their related displacements or deformations in each of the layers of the pipe, as well as the process of deriving an analogous linear operator to represent the behavior of the pipe as a whole, are clearly presented, highlighting interesting mathematical aspects and their associated physical meaning. A numerical case study of a 2.5″ flexible pipe subjected to traction and internal pressure is also presented and discussed.     

Spectral and time‐frequency analyses of freeway traffic flow

This paper uses spectral and time‐frequency analyses to treat three macroscopic traffic characteristics, namely, time mean speed, volume and occupancy as stochastic processes. Spectral and time‐frequency analyses are performed to characterize power spectral density (PSD), cross‐PSD, autocorrelation and cross‐correlation of these characteristics using TransGuide traffic data collected from four different freeways. It is found that low‐frequency components dominate the PSDs of speed, volume and occupancy at all times. The magnitude of PSDs decreases dramatically as frequency increases and remains almost at a constant level in high‐frequency regimes. A power law is found to exist, which describes the relationship between the frequency and the PSD of traffic characteristics. It is also found that speed can be properly modeled by a narrowband low‐pass stochastic process in a low‐frequency regime and by a nonzero mean white noise in a high‐frequency regime. Strong periodicities and synchronization are both shown in traffic flow. A variety of frequencies can be excited by congestion, and there is no dominant frequency found in stop‐and‐go traffic. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

预制综合管廊橡胶密封垫受压性能研究及断面设计

为解决预制综合管廊橡胶密封垫断面形式对橡胶密封垫压缩性能的影响问题,基于橡胶密封垫压缩试验,结合通用有限元数值模拟软件MSC.Marc,将试验结果与数值模拟结果进行对比,证明采用有限元方法模拟橡胶压缩过程以及分析橡胶密封垫受压性能的可靠性。然后,利用有限元软件MSC.Marc探讨不同开槽和开孔形式对橡胶密封垫受压性能的影响。结果表明： 1）当橡胶密封垫的压缩度为50%时,随着开槽面积和开孔面积的增大,接触应力以及装配力减小; 2）当开槽面积相同时,接触应力和装配力受开槽数量的影响较小,受开槽形状的影响较大; 3）当开孔面积相同时,开孔数量以及排列方式对接触应力和装配力有一定的影响。     

大断面矩形土压平衡式顶管上跨施工对运营地铁隧道变形的影响分析

以川大停车场下穿人民南路地下人行通道矩形顶管隧道工程为依托,采用数值模拟方法对大断面矩形土压平衡式顶管隧道上跨地铁运营区间隧道所引起的地铁隧道变形进行全过程分析研究,并将模拟结果与现场监测数据进行对比,验证模型的合理性。主要结论如下： 1）顶管法隧道上跨施工引发的既有地铁隧道竖向变形受前期掌子面支护压力影响较大,随着开挖面的推进,开挖卸载效应逐渐占据主导地位; 2）地铁隧道横向位移受顶管隧道掌子面支护压力和开挖卸载效应的共同影响,且地铁隧道管片衬砌上半断面的横向位移对掌子面支护压力极为敏感。