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251.
基于相位共轭方法采用离散阵列对用于声源定位的相位共轭阵列参数进行了数值计算研究,研究了阵元间距、阵列面积、声源频率和阵列形式等对声场聚焦幅值和空间尺寸大小的影响.数值计算结果表明:采用平面阵列,为突破声波衍射极限,阵元间距应为△≤0.5λ,最优的阵元间距为0.15λ.在近场基于声压梯度测量使用偶极子源的相位共轭阵列,阵列边长满足a≥1.4λ即可,并且随着频率升高,相位共轭声场的幅值增大,得到的相位共轭分辨率降低.对于阵列形式,采用十字交叉阵列可用较少的阵元个数就可以突破衍射极限.如果阵列与声源为共形面,推导出相位共轭声场幅值与声源的辐射声功率成比例,文中还计算并验证了相位共轭声场幅值与辐射立体角的关系. 相似文献
252.
Radar cross section(RCS) is the measurement of the reflective strength of a target.Reducing the RCS of a naval ship enables its late detection,which is useful for capitalizing on elements of surprise and initiative.Thus,the RCS of a naval ship has become a very important design factor for achieving surprise,initiative,and survivability.Consequently,accurate RCS determination and RCS reduction are of extreme importance for a naval ship.The purpose of this paper is to provide an understanding of the theoretical background and engineering approach to deal with RCS prediction and reduction for naval ships.The importance of RCS,radar fundamentals,RCS basics,RCS prediction methods,and RCS reduction methods for naval ships is also discussed. 相似文献
253.
韩玲 《浙江交通职业技术学院学报》2021,(1):82-86
文化认同与跨文化适应存在着耦合关系。对来华留学生的中华文化认同培养是提高其跨文化适应能力,提升留学生教育质量的重要途径之一。基于两所高校的来华留学生调查问卷数据分析,总体而言来华留学生的中华文化认同处于中等偏上的水平,且在认知、情感和行为三个维度上的得分较为均衡,但留学生的汉语水平、中华文化输入渠道等制约了其对中华文化的认同。针对来华留学生中华文化认同的现状,可通过加强对外汉语教学,创新对外汉语教学策略,构建中华文化课程体系,完善中华文化多元评价考核体系,提高对外汉语教师的跨文化意识,加强国际化校园文化建设,拓展各类文化体验活动等途径提升留学生对中华文化的认同度,帮助留学生更好地实现跨文化适应。 相似文献
254.
结合工程实例,在不突破道路红线前提下,探讨了典型的道路断面改造形式,达到提高道路通行能力、缓解交通拥堵的目的,有关设计经验可供相关专业人员参考。 相似文献
255.
256.
大跨度公轨两用桥轨道横梁与整体节点连接疲劳试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍国内首座大跨度公轨两用桥——重庆菜园坝长江大桥轨道横梁与整体节点连接的足尺模型疲劳试验。首先根据大桥交通状况与设计流量，由疲劳损伤累积理论，确定其疲劳荷载谱，制定出疲劳荷载取值；然后，设计并制作了1：1足尺模型，对模型进行200万次疲劳加载试验。试验结果表明，试验模型应力水平较低，实测应力幅大致为30MPa，疲劳加载200万次后，试验模型未出现裂纹。最后根据疲劳试验结果及国内外有关规范，对轨道横梁与整体节点连接的疲劳性能进行了评价，认为在结构使用寿命期间及正常养护维修情况下，该连接不会发生疲劳开裂，疲劳强度满足要求。 相似文献
257.
As offshore hydrocarbon production moves towards ultra-deep water, flexible risers have to withstand the huge hydro-static pressure without collapse. They are designed with strong collapse capacities, allowing them to operate under the condition where their annuli are flooded by the seawater. However, initial imperfections can weaken the collapse capacity under such a flooded condition, triggering the so-called “wet collapse”. Two common initial imperfections, the carcass ovality and the radial gap between the carcass and pressure armor, would reduce the collapse strength of flexible risers significantly. Mostly, collapse analyses are performed through numerical simulations, which are less feasible for the design stage of flexible risers comparing with analytical models. To date, there are few analytical models available in public literature to predict the wet collapse pressure of flexible risers accounting for initial ovality and gap. To meet this demand, an analytical model is established in this paper to address these issues. This model is developed as a spring-supported arch, solving the collapse pressure with stability theories of ring and arched structures. This analytical model is verified by numerical simulations, which gives prediction results that correlate well with the numerical ones. 相似文献
258.
Ship construction involves the assembly of several blocks on a dock. When a block is lifted using a crane, it undergoes deformation. Until now, structural analysis has been applied in a few cases to evaluate the stress on such blocks. Therefore, this study proposes an evaluation method for time-domain stress using 2D flexible multibody dynamics. We adopt the discrete Euler-Lagrange equation to achieve robustness during the numerical integration of problems that involve high stiffness. We formulate the equations of motion of 2D shell elements based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation, which is an efficient analysis technique for nonlinear and large deformation cases. We also derive the two types of kinematic constraints (ball and fixed joints) between the rigid and shell element, which can be attached to an arbitrary point. Based on the theories, we develop the program to build models, including 2D flexible multibody dynamics and several joints, and to solve the equations of motion efficiently. As a result, it is successfully applied to the dynamic analysis of the block turnover by a gantry crane and the block lifting by a floating crane. The von-Mises stresses that change over time are compared to the maximum yield stress and analyzed according to the wave direction. 相似文献
259.
侧风环境下列车高速通过站台的流固耦合振动 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了考察侧风环境下列车能否临靠站台高速安全通过,采用列车空气动力学和列车系统动力学相结合的方法,通过侧风与列车的流固振动分析获得列车姿态的变化;考虑侧风作用下,列车的姿态变化和轨道几何不平顺的影响,分析了侧风环境下,列车临靠站台高速通过时的气动响应.计算结果表明,与无风环境尾车易与站台碰撞不同,在6 m/s侧风环境下,当列车以350 km/h的速度临靠站台通过时,车头前端是离站台最近的位置. 相似文献
260.
针对重力式挡土墙设计时土压力计算中存在的几个问题,通过两个算例,对主动土压力和被动土压力的合理计算问题进行分析和探讨,对重力式挡土墙截面尺寸的合理设计具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献