How do the new shipping routes affect Asian liquefied natural gas markets and economy? Case of the Northern Sea Route and Panama Canal expansion

This study focuses on the expected impact of Northern Sea Route (NSR) usage and the Panama Canal (PC) expansion on liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports of Asian countries, from not only the macroeconomic viewpoint but also diversification of the supplying countries. First, the amounts saved from shipping costs due to these events are estimated, based on scenarios on the navigable period of the NSR, transit fee of the NSR considering the exchange rate between the Russian ruble and US dollar, and bunker fuel price. Second, a spatial general equilibrium model based on macroeconomic theory is applied to predict changes in LNG trade patterns and measure economic impacts due to the reduction of shipping costs. Finally, the impacts of NSR usage as well as the PC expansion on LNG imports of Asian countries are discussed based on the calculations. The results show that diversification of supplying countries for LNG imports can be observed, especially in Japan, the largest LNG importer in the world, and other Asian countries are secondarily affected by changes in Japan’s import pattern, with limited impacts on these countries’ national economies.     

茂名港外贸铁矿石运输发展定位及市场研究

本项目首先通过对西南沿海港口群外贸铁矿石运输的分析,得出公用码头外贸铁矿石运输供需矛盾突出的结论.其次,结合茂名港自然条件和区位优势等因素分析,确定了茂名港外贸铁矿石运输发展定位.最后,在腹地企业需求分析、综合运费对比等基础上,预测了茂名港外贸铁矿石运输市场空间.     

试论国际贸易发展中的环境成本内部化

我国自改革开放以来,不容乐观的环境状况已经成为制约我国经济发展和影响人们生活水平的重要因素。随着经济全球化的发展我国的对外贸易也不断发展,但同时由此带来的环境问题也日渐突出成为我国人民生活水平整体提高的一个重要因素。在发展国际贸易的同时．注重采用法律的手段来实现环境成本内部化,将有效发展国际贸易的同时保护我国的环境资源,有利于我国经济的可持续发展。     

国际贸易理论课程双语教学模式探析

文章根据国内外双语教学模式的研究和实践,从教学班的设置、课堂教学模式、教案、教学策略以及教学语言五个方面探索国际贸易理论课程的双语教学模式。根据目前安徽工程大学现状,可以采用的总体模式是：选用英文原版教材并大部分使用汉语讲解,但课件全部用英文,对于主要专业语汇要与汉语一一对照,并用英语进行解释,讨论、回答问题、作业和考试鼓励学生用英文。     

含异物击打伤高速动车组车轴疲劳寿命预测

基于高速动车组EA4T车轴疲劳小试样,采用正方体状钨钢弹丸高速冲击其表面,以模拟车轴表面异物击打伤;采用旋转弯曲疲劳试验方法进行光滑和缺陷试样疲劳性能试验;采用Abaqus软件,模拟分析缺陷附近区域的残余应力;构建基于疲劳指示参数(Fatigue Indicator Parameter,FIP)的缺陷小试样和含击打伤实...     

制造业离岸和回流对我国港口发展的影响

过去百年来，全球范围内的制造业发生了巨大变革.随着科学技术的进步和制造成本的变化，技术中心和制造中心不断转移和分离.进入21世纪，我国制造业发展迅速，带动沿海港口运量规模的增长.近年来，受全球制造业变革的影响，我国制造业开始出现转移趋势. 一方面发达国家将其制造业企业从国外转移到本土，另一方面部分劳动密集型制造业向劳动力成本更低廉的东南亚等发展中国家及地区转移.制造业的这种转出无疑将导致制造业产出量的变化，进而引起我国未来进出口贸易量和港口吞吐量的变化.首先，分析了全球制造业中心历次转移情况及其引发的各转移阶段国际货物运输特征；其次，分析了我国港口吞吐量与制造业规模间的关联性；最后，结合制造业离岸和美国制造业回流趋势重点研究了离岸和回流对我国港口发展的影响.结果表明：我国港口货物吞吐量与第二产业增加值，中美双边贸易额，我国出口总额等因素具有显著相关性；同时，受我国劳动力成本优势降低及美国制造业回流政策驱动，制造业离岸动力增强，制造业回流趋势可能继续保持；考虑到制造业离岸和回流的影响，我国港口吞吐量增长乏力，货运品类结构将由干散货运输向集装箱运输倾斜.未来我国港口应调整资源和集疏运资源配置，大力发展集装箱运输.     

Calculation of the freight revenues in Turkey-focused maritime transportation

The Central Bank of the Turkish Republic (TCMB) in Turkey has announced the data of freight revenues. The data that have been announced depends on the information obtained from the port customs and compiled by the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK). Because of the distinctive structure of the freight market, certain requisite generalizations and projections are used for data calculation. Accordingly, calculations that depend on generalizations and predictions are likely to weaken the effectiveness of the decisions already made or going to be made. The aim of this study is to calculate more realistically the real freight revenues of ships that have carried out loading or discharging operations in Turkish ports. In accordance with this purpose, the volume of freight revenues and their distribution between Turkish and foreign flagged ships is calculated. A Microsoft SQL-based algorithm is developed in order to do the calculation. Within the scope of the study, the total fright revenue of Turkey-oriented shipping industry is calculated to be USD 5.8 billion. Proportionately, 79.53% of the revenue belongs to foreign flagged ships, 12.70% of it belongs to foreign flagged ships with Turkish owners, and only 7.78% of it belongs to Turkish flagged ships.     

全球供应链视角的东亚港口物流服务绩效与趋势分析*

东亚港口基于旺盛的贸易运输需求而在全球供应链体系中崛起,同时也因为港口拥挤等问题而存在降低贸易成本的空间。首先从全球供应链视角解析港口物流服务格局,突出了东亚地区、特别是中国港口的地位,评价港口物流的综合绩效和竞争状态,然后对发展趋势做出预测。研究发现：东亚港口将通过持续投资实现供给需求的动态平衡;日本地震引致的全球供应链重组将使港口物流服务发生结构性变化,东亚将加强跨国港口物流合作以满足区域经济一体化的要求。     

Evaluation of foreign trade transport accessibility for Mainland China

The foreign trade transport accessibility (FTTA) of Mainland China to overseas regions is studied in terms of the shipping connectivity and achievable market scales. First, the concept of FTTA is defined. Second, the path choice behavior of shippers is analyzed, and a method to measure FTTA is proposed. Last, with 357 cities in Mainland China as the origins and eight overseas regions as the destinations, the FTTAs from origins to destinations are evaluated. The study is helpful to acquaint decision-makers with the FTTA’s spatial distribution and to offer information by which China can expand its export-oriented industry and optimize its port and shipping industries.     

专升本学生与普通本科生外语学习策略比较

“专升本”学生的教学质量问题日益得到更多教育专家和有关学者的关注。笔者对我校外语系三个专升本班级和四个普通本科班分别进行了外语学习策略方面的调查与对比研究,发现专升本学生与普通本科生在机械记忆和中心思想等学习策略上的差异较显著,而其它方面则不太显著。