客车上水溢流改造技术探讨

针对客车上水溢流存在的问题开发了客车上水溢流控制装置。该装置分为车上和车下两部分。车上部分包括流量调节装置和液位显示控制仪,车下部分主要包括流量传感器、压力传感器及控制箱。并对该技术的改造方案和存在的问题进行了探讨。     

Are HOV/eco-lanes a sustainable option to reducing emissions in a medium-sized European city?

Innovative traffic management measures are needed to reduce transportation-related emissions. While in Europe, road lane management has focused mainly on introduction of bus lanes, the conversion to High Occupancy Vehicles (HOV) and eco-lanes (lanes dedicated to vehicles running on alternative fuels) has not been studied comprehensively. The objectives of this research are to: (1) Develop an integrated microscopic modeling platform calibrated with real world data to assess both traffic and emissions impacts of future Traffic Management Strategies (TMS) in an urban area; (2) Evaluate the introduction of HOV/eco-lanes in three different types of roads, freeway, arterial and urban routes, in an European medium-sized city and its effects in terms of emissions and traffic performance. The methodology consists of three distinct phases: (a) Traffic and road inventory data collection; (b) Traffic and emissions simulation using an integrated platform of microscopic simulation; and (c) Evaluation of scenarios. For the baseline scenario, the statistical analysis shows valid results. The results show that HOV and eco-lanes in a medium European city are feasible, and when the Average Occupancy of Vehicles (AOV) increases, on freeways, the majority of vehicles can reduce their travel time (2%) with a positive impact in terms of total emissions (−38% NO_x, −39% HC, −43% CO and −37% CO₂). On urban and arterial corridors, the reduction in emissions could be achieved only if the AOV increases from 1.50 to 1.70 passengers/vehicle. Total emissions of the corridor with an AOV of 1.70 passengers/vehicle can be reduced up to 35–36% for the urban route while the values can be reduced by 36–39% for the arterial road. With the introduction of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) and Electric Vehicles (EV) it is possible to reduce emissions, although the introduction of eco-lanes did not show significant reductions in emissions. When both policies are simulated together, an emissions improvement is observed for the arterial route and for two of the scenarios.     

大跨度预应力连续梁桥标准化施工工艺分析

从控制体系筹备、施工控制的内容与方法三个方面阐述大跨度预应力连续梁桥标准化施工,希望能为其标准化施工控制提供参考.     

支援干扰下火控雷达反干扰能力分析磁

支援干扰是火控雷达面临的主要干扰战术样式。分析了三种不同类型支援干扰的特点，根据火控雷达配属于防空火力系统，必须满足火力系统对空射击的需要，在计算火控雷达自卫距离基础上，建立了支援干扰下火控雷达反干扰能力评估模型。在想定作战背景下，应用评估模型对火控雷达抗支援干扰的能力进行了计算和分析。评估模型考虑了采取固定多点跳频、随机数字编码跳频和脉冲压缩等技术措施后对火控雷达反干扰能力的影响，具有一定的应用价值。     

高速公路施工质量问题及控制措施分析

高速公路项目的施工质量关系到人们的出行安全。鉴于此，从参与方、材料、设备、环境等方面重点阐述了影响高速公路施工质量的因素，提出了相应的质量控制措施，可为高速公路的施工提供一些参考。     

二灰碎石基层的施工工艺及质量控制

近年来我国公路修筑技术有了很大提升,然而随着现行行业标准技术规范、质量标准的日益完善,对路面基层的施工工艺及质量控制也提出了较高的要求.目前在我国高等级公路的施工中,二灰碎石基层是普遍采用的一种结构形式.二灰碎石基层属于半刚性路面,因其具有良好的力学性能、整体性能以及承载力高、耐久性好、强度高、造价较低、材料易选、易于施工等优点被广泛应用.鉴于此,对二灰碎石基层施工中应注意的问题及其质量控制措施进行了探讨,以供参考.     

Energy-aware control for automated container terminals using integrated flow shop scheduling and optimal control

The performance of container terminals needs to be improved to handle the growth of transported containers and maintain port sustainability. This paper provides a methodology for improving the handling capacity of an automated container terminal in an energy-efficient way. The behavior of a container terminal is considered as consisting of a higher level and a lower level represented by discrete-event dynamics and continuous-time dynamics, respectively. These dynamics represent the behavior of a large number of terminal equipment. The dynamics need to be controlled. For controlling the higher level dynamics, a minimal makespan problem is solved. For this, the minimal time required by equipment for performing an operation at the lower level is needed. The minimal time for performing an operation at the lower level is obtained using Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle. The actual operation time allowed by the higher level for processing an operation at the lower level is subsequently determined by a scheduling algorithm at the higher level. Given an actual operation time, the lower level dynamics are controlled using optimal control to achieve minimal energy consumption while respecting the time constraint. Simulation studies illustrate how energy-efficient management of equipment for the minimal makespan could be obtained using the proposed methodology.     

CTC系统内部UPS电源切换电路改进方案

CTC系统内部UPS电源切换易产生瞬间冲击电流过大，引发电源屏内部CTC电源模块出现过载保护，CTC系统断电出现黑屏等问题。通过对CTC系统内部UPS电源切换电路进行改进，有效确保CTC系统设备运用安全稳定。     

Breakthrough innovations in intermodal freight transport

Breakthrough innovations, whether technological, organizational or both, are a necessity if the market share of intermodal freight transport is to expand. The main growth potential lies in the markets for flows over short distances, for perishable and high-value commodities, for small consignments, and for flows that demand speed, reliability and flexibility. It will take radical innovations to produce a breakthrough in the modal split and allow these new markets to be conquered. This special issue is based on papers presented at an international conference on freight transport automation and multimodality, held in Delft in May 2002, that are illustrative of the direction of breakthrough research and development (R&D) aimed at increasing the market share for intermodal transport.