Reliability analysis of a bulk carrier in ultimate limit state under combined global and local loads in the hogging and alternate hold loading condition

The alternate hold still-water loading in hogging combined with wave loading is critical for the safe design of bulk carriers. The ultimate longitudinal strength of the hull girder of bulk carriers in this condition has been found to be considerably reduced by the action of local lateral pressure loads. In the present paper, an interaction equation based on the ultimate hull girder strength assessment obtained by nonlinear finite element analyses is adopted to consider the relationship between ultimate longitudinal bending capacity and average external sea pressure over the bottom. This interaction equation is used as the basis for the failure function. The annual probability of failure is obtained by FORM analysis considering two typical load cases, namely, pure longitudinal hogging bending moment and combined global hogging bending moment and local lateral pressure loads. The effect of heavy weather avoidance on the failure probability is evaluated. The results show that the local lateral pressure has a significant influence on the annual probability of failure of bulk carriers in the hogging and alternate hold loading condition.     

GPS与GIS集成在交通指挥系统中的应用

在讨论GPS(全球卫星定位系统)与GIS(地理信息系统)集成在交通指挥系统中应用的基础上,探讨了系统中电子地图的空间数据组织,卫星定位系统的组成、原理及特点。     

Global optimization method for mixed transportation network design problem: A mixed-integer linear programming approach

This paper proposes a global optimization algorithm for solving a mixed (continuous/discrete) transportation network design problem (MNDP), which is generally expressed as a mathematical programming with equilibrium constraint (MPEC). The upper level of the MNDP aims to optimize the network performance via both expansion of existing links and addition of new candidate links, whereas the lower level is a traditional Wardrop user equilibrium (UE) problem. In this paper, we first formulate the UE condition as a variational inequality (VI) problem, which is defined from a finite number of extreme points of a link-flow feasible region. The MNDP is approximated as a piecewise-linear programming (P-LP) problem, which is then transformed into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem. A global optimization algorithm based on a cutting constraint method is developed for solving the MILP problem. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method and to compare the results with alternative algorithms reported in the literature.     

智能交通系统中地理信息系统的研究

概述了中国智能交通系统（Ｉｎｔｅｌｌｉｇｅｎｔ Ｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔａｔｉｏｎ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ，ＩＴＳ）研究开发的内容和地理信息系统（Ｇｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｅ Ｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍ，ＧＩＳ）的概念，阐述了ＧＩＳ数字化的制作过程以及ＧＩＳ数据库的设计原则，最后详细分析了ＧＩＳ技术在ＩＴＳ中的应用功能。开发研究ＩＴＳ中的ＧＩＳ技术，可以加强道路、车辆、驾驶员以及管理人员的联系，实现道路交通管     

由GPS接收机CMC数据向RINEX数据的格式转换

智能车辆定位导航系统(IVLNS)是智能交通系统(ITS)的核心组成部分,能对提高管理效率与运行能力、增加车辆安全、减少交通阻塞、加快交通事故处理与援救、减少环境污染等方面产生巨大影响。而在运用GPS智能车辆定位导航系统中,将GPS接收机接收的原始二进制文件进行分析整理,进而转换为便于编程解算的纯ASCII码文件是其整个流程的基础和前提,本文将针对具体的ALLSTARGPS接收机,介绍从原始二进制文件向标准RINEX数据格式文件的转换以及其软件实现。同时,这也将对其它原始数据格式向RINEX格式的转换具有重要的指导意义。     

RTK测量技术规程实验研究

阐述了实时动态定位(RTK)测量技术原理,介绍了RTK测量技术规程,规定了多余观测的方法、限差、标准差的计算公式,建立了衡量RTK测量系统的精度指标体系。通过RTK测量与水准测量数据的实验对比研究,得出RTK测量系统测量成果的一系列精度指标,具有重要参考价值。     

基于GPS/GIS的列车实时监控系统设计

介绍列车位置实时监控系统.列车监控中心通过车载GPS回传的车辆定位信息实现对列车位置和列车运行状态进行监控,并将列车行驶的轨迹以动画的方式显示在电子地图上.当发出报警信号时及时派遣抢险车进行抢险.     

Methodology for global structural load effect analysis of the semi-submersible hull of floating wind turbines under still water,wind, and wave loads

In designing the support structures of floating wind turbines (FWTs), a key challenge is to determine the load effects (at the cross-sectional load and stress level). This is because FWTs are subjected to complex global, local, static, and dynamic loads in stochastic environmental conditions. Up to now, most of the studies of FWTs have focused on the dynamic motion characteristics of FWTs, while minimal research has touched upon the internal load effects of the support structure. However, a good understanding of the structural load effects is essential since it is the basis for achieving a good design. Motivated by the situation, this study deals with the global load effect analysis for FWT support structures. A semi-submersible hull of a 10-MW FWT is used in the case study. A novel analysis method is employed to obtain the time-domain internal load effects of the floater, which account for the static and dynamic global loads under the still water, wind, and wave loads and associated motions. The investigation of the internal stresses resulting from various global loads under operational and parked conditions and the dynamic behavior of the structural load effects in various environmental conditions are made. The dominating load components for structural responses of the semi-submersible floater and the significant dynamic characteristics under different wind and wave conditions are identified. The dynamic load effects of the floating support structure are investigated by considering the influence of the second-order wave loads, viscous drag loads induced global motions, and wind and wave misalignments. The main results are discussed, and the main findings are summarized. The insights gained provide a basis for improving the design and analysis of FWT support structures.     

Spatial heterogeneity of ports in the global maritime network detected by weighted ego network analysis

More extensive attention has been paid to the heterogeneity of maritime transport network in topological rather than in spatial aspects. However, the importance of links and the roles of neighbors of a node has been ignored if not all. To fill this gap, this article introduced the approach of weighted ego network analysis (WENA) to visualize the spatial heterogeneity of the maritime network at global and local levels. The topological connectivity graph of the global marine network was derived, and its structural properties were analyzed. It is found out that the values of the degree of ports follow power-law distribution, which indicates that the global marine network is scale-free, that is, there are few well-connected ports and a majority of less connected ports. The spatial disparities of the network can be described by a core–periphery pattern. In global, most of the hubs or ports with extremely high values of degree locate in the big-three maritime regions including Far East, North America, and West Europe. Along the peripheral belts of the three regions, there are lots of less connected small ports. A different hierarchical structure of six continents was captured by WENA. It is found that Europe, Asia, North America, and Africa showcase a pyramid-shaped hierarchical structure with a scale-free feature similar to the entire network, while South America and Oceania exhibit the fusiform hierarchy like small-world networks. It is proposed that such spatial inequality and heterogeneity were caused by the geographical environments such as the hub-and-spoke organization, the embedded trade pattern, and the proximity of location. These findings help us to understand the characteristics of the international trade pattern and shed light on the strategies of development for the industry stakeholders.     

南海“浅深水”海域经典TLP平台整体运动性能分析

干式采油树应用于海上油气开发具有特定的优势,张力腿平台(TLP)作为重要的浮式干树开发平台具有广泛的应用。联系到我国海上油田具体特点及TLP平台所具有的诸多优势,未来TLP平台将是中国南海油气开发不可或缺的平台类型之一。本文针对经典TLP在中国南海北部“浅深水”(水深330m)油田千年一遇环境下整体运动性能与张力腱系统响应情况进行了研究,对TLP平台进行了全耦合时域计算分析,并对平台运动、张力腱响应及平台甲板气隙等进行了分析校核。分析结果表明：千年一遇生存条件下,平台张力腱系统安全;平台水平偏移较大,对立管设计挑战较大;平台甲板气隙较为临界,存在甲板上浪风险。