隧道衬砌病害探地雷达三维正演模拟及工程验证

从Maxwell旋度方程出发,通过引入复介电常数和复磁导率,推导导电介质UPML吸收边界在考虑和不考虑磁损耗情况下各区的电场和磁场分量的时域差分公式。通过选取各区不同的匹配参数,建立模型区与UPML吸收边界电场和磁场分量的统一离散差分公式。用MATLAB语言编制基于UPML吸收边界的图像可视化的探地雷达三维正演模拟程序。正演模拟衬砌内方形空洞三维地电模型,揭示方形空洞在不同显示剖面上的图谱特征。单剖面的响应特征类似"平锅盖形",z方向切片图定出空洞的形状;反射界面呈强负相反射异常,在立体剖视图中,空洞角点位置产生了2个交叉的双曲线绕射波。将该方法应用于现场隧道衬砌质量的检测,并开孔验证。结果表明:不密实区反射界面多且不规则,同相轴错断、零乱、不连续的较强反射能量团块状异常;在z方向切片图上能清楚反映隧道衬砌密实程度,并且判译直观、准确。     

盾构法地铁隧道施工引起的地表变形分析

以南京地铁1号线许府巷—南京站区间隧道为背景,结合现场监测数据及各项掘进参数设置,对土压平衡盾构在富水饱和粉土、粉砂夹细砂、粉细砂地层中掘进引起的地表变形过程和分布规律进行分析,并使用有限差分法程序FLAC3D对考虑盾构施工工序、地下水位、土仓压力和注浆等因素的地表变形进行模拟计算分析。实测分析结果表明地表变形特征为:沉降速率大,测点最大沉降速率在-12~-15 mm.d-1之间;地层稳定快,盾尾脱出2~3 d后地层即趋于稳定;影响范围小,盾构掘进对隧道纵向地表的扰动在刀盘前方约10 m至盾尾后方16~20 m的范围内,横向地表沉降主要分布在隧道中心线两侧各5~7 m的范围内,地表距中心线20 m以外几乎不受影响。模拟计算地表沉降分布结果与实测数据基本吻合。     

甚低频机载拖曳天线系统线性模型分析

介绍机载甚低频拖曳天线的工作原理及线形模型,根据相关文献中双拖曳天线的测试结果分析飞机飞行状态对天线电气性能的影响。     

钉形桩在市政道路工程中的应用

水泥土深层搅拌桩是用于加固饱和软粘土地基的一种较新的地基处理方法,具有施工简便、工期短、振动小等优点,在软土地基处理工程中得到广泛应用。文章介绍了钉形水泥土双向搅拌桩的优点与施工流程,并对其在武汉四新地区软土地基处理中的应用进行了试验研究。     

盾构掘进参数对地表沉降的影响分析

盾构法作为地铁隧道施工的一种主要施工方法已在我国得到广泛的应用,由施工引起的地层移动和地表沉降是盾构隧道设计和施工中备受关注的问题.文章以深圳地铁5号线洪浪-兴东盾构区间下穿广深高速公路立交桥隧道施工为工程依托,通过数值模拟和现场监测,对影响地表沉降的掘进参数进行了模拟分析.计算结果表明,地表下沉与盾构掘进参数密切相关,适当加大注浆压力能有效控制地表沉降;同时,土舱压力与土体原始侧向压力接近时地表沉降量最少.实测地表沉降与掘进参数的关系表明,当注浆量一定时,地面沉降随土舱压力的增加而减小;地表沉降随着注浆量及注浆压力的增大而减小.     

复合缆索锚泊下的Spar平台动态响应分析

利用复合索链的计算公式,计算不同配置的复合链组成的锚泊系统的变刚度,并将计算结果运用于Spar平台运动方程中刚度矩阵的修正,分析并比较在不同锚泊系统作用下,Spar平台的动态响应行为。通过计算发现:虽然不同配置的复合缆索对平台的动态响应没有多大影响,但是缆索张力的变化确实截然不同。这些在平台锚泊系统的初步设计中必须考虑。     

Estimation of trailer off-tracking using visual odometry

High-capacity vehicles have been shown to be highly effective in reducing emissions associated with road freight transport. However, the reduced manoeuvrability of long vehicles often necessitates the use of active trailer steering. Path-following trailer steering systems are very effective in this regard, but are currently limited to on-highway applications due to the manner in which trailer off-tracking is estimated. In this work, a novel trailer off-tracking measurement concept is introduced which is independent of wheel slip and ground surface conditions, and requires no additional sensor measurements or parameter data from the tractor. The concept utilises a stereo camera pair affixed to the trailer and a visual odometry-based algorithm to calculate off-tracking. The concept was evaluated in detailed simulation and full-scale vehicle tests, demonstrating its feasibility and highlighting some important characteristics. RMS measurement errors of 0.11–0.12?m (3.3–3.6%) were obtained in a challenging visual environment.     

先张法预应力混凝土钢绞线断丝、滑丝原因分析及预防措施

对张拉钢绞线施工中断丝、滑丝现象予以理论分析,并据此指导施工。     

成渝客专提质达速接触网改造施工技术研究

针对成渝客专既有线路满足300 km/h列车运行,按高速铁路350 km/h列车运行条件进行提质达速改造,实现成都东站与沙坪坝站列车1 h左右一站直达。本文通过对既有设备情况的调查和测量,并对达速适应性进行分析;提出了需要对既有接触线张力进行调整,同步更换既有整体吊弦,更换超高调整区段腕臂,调整拉出值、定位器坡度及补偿装置,进行接触网精调等的总体改造施工方案;介绍了在天窗时间内的整个锚段调整接触网改造施工流程、施工过程控制;阐述了吊弦预配安装及补偿装置调整等施工关键技术。实践表明调整后接触网参数满足要求,改造后的成渝客专已顺利通车运营。     

A systemic modelling of ground handling services using the functional resonance analysis method

In contrast to air transport safety, safety in ground handling is not concerned only with aircraft accidents but also the Occupational Health and Safety of the employees who work at airport aprons. Ground handling safety costs the aviation industry tens of billions USD every year which raises the questions about the effectiveness of linear safety risk management of Ground Handling Services (GHS). This paper uses the state-of-the-art safety theory to justify and highlight the need for a systemic approach to safety risk management of GHS on the apron. A hybrid Total Apron Safety Management (TASM) framework, based on the combination of Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM), Grounded Theory, Template Analysis and Goals-Means Task Analysis (GMTA) was developed to support systemic safety modelling of GHS. The data that underpins the TASM framework includes extensive literature review, 15 observations, 43 interviews and expert judgement across five international airports. While the TASM framework can be applied in retrospective, prospective and system design analysis to improve both the safety management and the efficiency of apron operations, this paper showcases only one of its application on a case study of a historical safety occurrence. The results of the investigation carried out in this paper clearly demonstrate the benefits of the systemic as opposed to the existing linear approaches to retrospective safety analyses and the suitability of the TASM framework for occurrence analysis and prevention.