煤炭装卸设备钢结构安全监测方法

根据在实践中形成的一套完整的检测方案,对运行状态下的煤炭装卸设备钢结构关键部位进行检测和监测,获取其状态信息,综合设备在使用中的动态反馈信息,建立钢结构安全运行档案,对设备进行分类管理,防止其发生机械事故.     

船舶操纵模拟器在船舶通航安全评估中的应用

船舶日趋大型化，导致原有航道和港口不能满足大型船舶的安全通航或靠泊要求。针对转向频繁、转角大、掉头区域不足、水深较浅的高难度航道，在船舶操纵模拟器上实施大型船舶通航安全的模拟试验，并对结果进行评估，进而对狭航道的设计或改造工程进行验证，并提出通航安全方面的合理化建议。     

On the objective assessment and quantification of the transient-handling response of a vehicle

This article suggests a new methodology for the objective assessment and quantification of the response of a vehicle subjected to transient-handling manoeuvres. For this purpose, a non-dimensional measure is defined, namely the normalized yaw impulse. This measure appears in two variations. In its general or dynamic form, it represents the difference between the yaw moment due to the front-tyre forces and the yaw moment due to the rear-tyre forces, divided by the sum of the aforementioned yaw moments. By employing a linear, two-degree-of-freedom bicycle model, it is shown that the general form of the normalized yaw impulse can be written as a function of the steer angle and the forward, lateral and yaw velocities of the vehicle. This form is referred to as the kinematic yaw impulse. It is demonstrated that the combined application of the dynamic and kinematic expressions of the yaw impulse not only facilitates the explicit assessment and quantification of the transient behaviour of a vehicle, but also reveals the influence of parameters such as the yaw moment of inertia, which traditionally leave the steady-state behaviour unaffected.     

汽车操纵稳定性的主观客观影响因素

研究分析了一些对汽车操纵稳定性产生影响的主观和客观因素,为改善汽车操纵稳定性提供理论依据。     

基于操纵稳定性的某客车空气悬架系统结构改进

针对某空气悬架客车在行驶转向时车身侧倾角过大问题,提出在后空气悬架导向臂尾端添加车身侧倾稳定板的改进方案。对改进前、后空气悬架系统进行了KC分析,结果显示改进后的悬架系统侧倾刚度得到了有效提高。基于刚柔耦合建模方法,建立了改进前、后整车多体动力学模型。仿真结果显示改进后车辆稳态回转时车身侧倾角明显减小,不足转向度也有所改善;整车试验结果验证了仿真结果的正确性和改进方案的可行性。     

Handling qualities evaluation method based on actual driver characteristics

The present study proposes an objective handling qualities evaluation method using driver-in-the-loop analysis. The driving simulator experiments were performed for various driving conditions, drivers and vehicle dynamics. The response characteristics of the driver model and the closed-loop system were analyzed. The analysis revealed the driving strategies clearly, indicating the importance of closed-loop analysis. Using the identified driver model and its strategies, a cost function of the handling qualities was constructed. The cost function can be used to estimate the handling qualities analytically from the vehicle dynamics. The proposed method was validated by comparison with the handling qualities evaluation rated by the driver's comments.     

The handling surface: a new perspective in vehicle dynamics

The problem of describing the understeer–oversteer behaviour of a general vehicle, such as one with locked differential or tandem rear axle, is addressed taking a new perspective. The well-known handling diagram and the associated classical understeer gradient may be inadequate, mainly because they are no longer unique. The new concept of handling surface and a new definition of understeer gradient, which is indeed the gradient of the handling surface and hence a vector, are presented. It is also shown how the new concepts relate to and generalize the classical ones. Finally, a procedure for the experimental measure of the new understeer gradient is outlined.     

钻孔灌注桩质量通病及防治措施研究

分析了高速公路钻孔灌注桩通病产生的原因,并提出了相应预防及处理措施.     

车辆操纵稳定性对比试验研究

通过对同一车型的两个不同厂家的车辆进行操纵稳定性的试验对比,测试同一状态下车辆的操纵稳定性数据,用三种试验方法获得的试验数据进行了对比,最终选择了最优的一组车辆结构参数.     

摩擦片式防滑差速器转矩特性对汽车操纵稳定性的影响研究

进行了摩擦片式防滑差速器防滑转矩输出特性测定试验,并分别对装有摩擦片式防滑差速器和普通差速器的汽车,通过试验测定的车厢侧倾角、转弯半径比、前后轴侧偏角差值、横摆角速度及侧向加速度作为对比参数,研究了摩擦片式防滑差速器转矩特性对汽车操纵稳定性的影响。结果表明,摩擦片式防滑差速器能够显著提高汽车的动力性、通过性,改善汽车的操纵稳定性。