虚拟三维环境中汽车模型的照明设置

通过在虚拟三维环境中怎样对汽车模型进行灯光设置的研究,提出车身金属材质的具体设置方法,以及对虚拟场景中灯光的设置,以达到显示其形状、材质、气势等效果,追求虚拟三维汽车模型的艺术效果。     

CFD在轿车空调风道优化设计中的应用

利用三维不可压缩流体的k—着湍流模型,借助计算流体动力学(CFD)方法,建立了结构复杂的某典型轿车风道模型。以该轿车空调系统冷风吹面风道为例,利用FLUENT软件,对该风道的主体部分内气流流动进行了模拟与分析,并提出了改进方向。     

AL4自动变速器的特点分析

由ＰＳＡ集团和雷诺公司共同设计的ＡＬ４自动变速器,装备于雪铁龙Ｘａｎｔｉａ中档轿车上。该变速器具有智能化程度高、换挡品质好、扭矩覆盖面大及结构紧凑等特点。该变速器采用带锁止离合器的扁平型三元件液力变矩器,行星齿轮变速机构采用的是ＣＲ－ＣＲ(辛普森２型)机构,换挡操纵机构采用推拉软轴式操纵机构。     

不同混合动力电动轿车方案的比较与分析

设计了同在离合器前与发动机的动力耦合的ISA并联、电机在离合器后变速器前与发动机的动力耦合的一般并联、类似于Prius的混联三种HEV方案。对这三种方案和原轿车的最高车速、原地起步加速特性等动力性指标和基于ECE＋EUDC的100km油耗和续驶里程等能量经济性指标及排施行性进行了仿真和分析。得到相应结论。     

Direction dependent prices in public transport: A good idea? The back haul pricing problem for a monopolistic public transport firm

Markets for transport are often characterised by unequal demand in both directions: every morning during peak hours the trains are crowded while moving towards the direction of large cities, whereas they may be almost empty in the other direction. In this paper we discuss the implications of these imbalances for price setting of transport firms. From the viewpoint of economic theory, two regimes can be distinguished: one where – owing to price discrimination – the flows are equal, and one where unequal flows are the result. Special attention is paid to the case where the transport firm does not apply price discrimination, as is the case with most railway firms in Europe. We find that in the case of substantial joint costs, the introduction of price discrimination not only leads to an increase of profits, but also to positive effects on consumer surplus. This result differs from the standard result in the literature on industrial economics. The standard result purports that with linear demand functions price discrimination has a negative impact on the welfare of the average consumer and that this negative impact dominates the positive effect on profits of the producer.     

Effects of economic disincentives on private car use

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of economic disincentives on private car use. Eighty two-adult households who were owners of at least one car were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group. Both experimental and control groups logged their car trips during one week before, one week during, and one week after treatment. The treatment consisted of charging two of the experimental groups approximately 100% of normal cost per kilometer of driving during 2 weeks, and charging the third experimental group this amount per kilometer of driving during 4 weeks. With the purpose of investigating whether deliberate planning increases the effect of economic disincentives, the households in one of the former and in the latter group were asked to fill out a prospective car log for the following week. The control group was not charged or requested to fill out a prospective car log but was in other respects treated in the same way. Analyses of the car logs and odometer readings during and at the end of treatment showed a weak reduction of car use due to the economic disincentives that however were almost completely dependent on planning.     

乘用车车身结构噪声测量分析及控制

乘用车的车内低频噪声直接影响其乘座舒适性。本文探讨了声响感度分析、矢量合成分析，结构车内噪声声场耦合模态分析方法在车身结构噪声分析控制中的运用，在实车上其降噪效果也是令人满意的。     

上海别克轿车电子点火系统的检修

上海别克轿车的电子点火系统是一种无分电器点火系统，介绍了该系统的工作原理，点火系统的操作模式，影响点火控制的因素，另外，介绍了点火线圈，曲轴位置传感器，凸轮轴位置传感器，点火控制模块，爆震传感器等部件的功能，以及该系统的检修。     

一种进一步降低轿车空气阻力的方法

本文首先简要地分析了声激励减阻机理，然后，针对类似桑塔纳车身的模型采用了声激励的方法进行了减低空气阻力的研究，得出了声激励参数，方式和减阻效果的关系，并且对此进行了一定的分析，表明利用声激励方法可以进一步降低此类车身的空气阻力。     

列车基本阻力的思考

文章从分析列车气动阻力入手，结合现有试验数据，建立了我国铁路货车、客车及机车的单位基本阻力系列试用公式，经与《列车牵引诸规程》公式以及国外相关公式进行比较后，认为这种分析一试验型公式比纯试验型公式更为合理而有效。此外，作者还提出加强列车牵引理论和应用的基础性研究等建议。