基于三维扫描顶衬与遮阳帘高精度尺寸策略研究

针对传统顶衬与遮阳帘尺寸策略问题,利用三维扫描技术收集物体几何表面的点云创建模型,并提供进行自动化尺寸策略评估的一种数字化工程解决方案,并对比传统意义上的车辆工程开发中顶衬与遮阳帘物理尺寸验证与数据收集工作优势,并以某项目新车型中三维扫描技术的实际案例出发,简述了三维扫描技术如何针对顶衬与遮阳帘尺寸质量优化进行指导,以及顶衬与遮阳帘零件尺寸质量提升工作中的优势。     

汽车用TRIP高强度钢板的成形行为试验研究

对冷轧TRIP600钢板在单向拉伸、双向拉伸和平面应变变形模式下的成形行为进行试验研究,在此基础上建立描述TRIP效应的计算模型,并用扫描电镜方法分析TRIP钢变形过程中微观组织的变化。试验结果表明:在单向拉伸、双向拉伸和平面应变中,平面应变最有利于TRIP效应的发挥,双向拉伸次之,单向拉伸最不利。     

国产某军用越野车高温（干热）试验研究

为检验国产某军用越野车高温干热地区的环境适应性能力。在吐鲁番地区对样车进行热平衡能力、隔热通风性能、空调制冷系统、自救互救以及适应性行驶试验。结果该样车最大许用环境温度为46.2℃,隔热性能良好但通风性能主观评价为较闷热,41.5℃环境下制冷20min之后的后排乘员肩部与车外温差8.2℃,能够实现沙漠地面的自救和互救,3 000 km适应性行驶试验无致命故障及严重故障出现。通过结果分析为该车型的设计定型提供依据,并结合试验过程及产品特点为类似汽车企业的高温试验提供技术参考及合理建议。     

高职高专船舶工程技术专业技能培训方案研究

文章从造船企业对高职人才技能的要求入手,借鉴了国内外大型企业的职工技能培训方法,对南通航院的船舶工程技术专业船体建造和船舶舾装的技能培训方案进行了研究和制定。     

Dependence of fatigue limit of high-tension bolts on mean stress and ultimate tensile strength

High tension bolts in critical joints in internal combustion engines are susceptible to fatigue failure. Computeraided bolted joint design procedures require knowledge of the dependence of bolt fatigue limit on the mean stress and ultimate tensile strength. This dependence is investigated with staircase fatigue limit tests. The test results show that when the bolt fatigue limit is estimated with the nominal stress of the bolt, it decreases with increasing tensile strength and nominal mean stress. However, there is a range of the nominal mean stress where the bolt fatigue limit is almost constant. The test results are interpreted with finite element analysis.     

Part I: Externalities and economic policies in road transport

Road transport imposes negative externalities on society. These externalities include environmental and road damage, accidents, congestion, and oil dependence. The cost of these externalities to society is in general not reflected in the current market prices in the road transport sector.An efficient mobility model for the future must take into account the true costs of transport and its regulatory framework will need to create incentives for people to make sustainable transport choices. This paper discusses the use of economic instruments to correct road transport externalities, but gives relatively more weight to the problem of carbon emissions from road transport, as this is particularly challenging, given its global and long-term nature.Economics offers two types of instruments for addressing the problem of transport externalities: command-and-control and incentive-based policies.Command-and-control policies are government regulations which force consumers and producers to change their behaviour. They are the most widely used policy instruments. Examples include vehicle emission and fuel standards in the US as well as driving or parking restrictions in Singapore. The implementation cost of these instruments to the government is small. Although from an economic perspective these policies often fail to achieve an efficient market outcome, the presence of political constraints often make them the preferred option, in terms of feasibility and effectiveness.Economic theory shows how policies, which affect consumption and production incentives, can be used to achieve the optimal outcome in the presence of externalities. Incentive-based policies function within a new or an altered market. We first examine incentive-based policies, which cap the aggregate amount of the externality, such as carbon emissions, by allocating permits or rights to the emitters. The emitters are then free to trade their permits amongst them. The permit allocation mechanism is important-although market efficiency would be satisfied by an auction, political influences usually favour a proportional allocation based on historic emissions. We discuss EU ETS as an example of a cap-and-trade system, however, no such policy for CO₂ emissions in road transport has been implemented anywhere in the world to date.Fiscal instruments are, like command-and-control, widely used in road transport, because they are relatively cheap and simple to implement. They include the use of taxes and charges in order to bridge the gap between private and the social costs and, in principle, can lead to an efficient market solution. Registration, ownership, fuel, emissions, usage taxes, and parking and congestion charges have been implemented in many countries around the world. On the other side of the spectrum, subsidies can be given to those scrapping old cars and buying fuel-efficient vehicles. Some cities, such as London, have implemented congestion charges and many states in the United States have introduced high occupancy lanes. Other interesting possibilities include pay-as-you-drive insurance and other usage charges. However, the size and scope of taxes and subsidies are determined by governments, and because of their imperfect knowledge of the market the outcome is still likely to be inefficient.Governments have many effective economic instruments to create a sustainable road transport model. These instruments can be used separately or together, but their implementation will be necessary in the nearest future.     

Three-dimensional pipeline element formulation for global buckling analysis of submarine pipelines with sleeper

Submarine pipelines can utilize sleepers to control global buckling location, which mitigates potential risks under high temperature and pressure. However, pipelines with sleepers require execution in three-dimensional space and experience lateral buckling modes. As such, this paper proposes a 3D pipeline element for lateral buckling analysis, building on previous 2D element formulations. This new element considers non-linear pipe-soil interactions, thermal expansion, axial load, initial imperfections, large deflection, and other major factors that affect lateral buckling. The derivations of the 3D pipeline element are provided in detail, and the numerical analysis procedure is elaborated. To validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed 3D pipeline element, several examples are presented.     

造船市场2003年回顾与未来展望

20 0 3年世界经济复苏步伐加快 ,带动航运市场的迅速发展。航运市场的大好形势极大刺激了船东的订船热情 ,2 0 0 3年世界各国的船台基本都已订满直到 2 0 0 7年。中国国内造船业开始空前规模的大扩张 ,未来既充满着机遇又面临激烈竞争的风险     

Pre-concentration and determination of amitriptyline residues in waste water by ionic liquid based immersed droplet microextraction and HPLC

This paper describes a new approach for the determination of amitriptyline in wastewater by ionic liquid based immersed droplet microextraction (IL-IDME) prior to highperformance liquid chromatography ...     

深水河大桥主桥连续钢构施工控制内容与方法研究

结合广州-乐昌广乐高速T3标深水河大桥施工监控,阐述了大跨连续刚构施工监控的重要性,对高墩、大跨度连续钢构桥悬臂施工的应力、线形控制方法进行了研究,利用有限元软件计算了桥梁监控理论数据,提出桥梁悬臂现浇施工监控的建议。