Nonlinear Euler–Bernoulli beam kinematics in progressive collapse analysis based on the Smith's approach

Within the scope of this article a nonlinear kinematics of the two-dimensional, non-shear-deformable and extensible Euler–Bernoulli beam imposed with the planar flexure and/or lengthening/shortening is considered. The complete and exact formulations of the pertinent kinematic response quantities (displacements, curvature and strain) are derived and discussed. Special emphasis is given to the case of the symmetric bending devoid of the external longitudinal force action, since it represents an appropriate idealization of the realistic load cases for the most of the ship and aircraft structures. The relationship between proposed and conventional formulations, i.e. those commonly accepted in the current structural engineering practice and employed by the current progressive collapse analysis methods based on Smith's approach, is discussed throughout the article and illustratively exemplified through the case of the pure symmetric bending of the Euler–Bernoulli cantilever. Finally, implications of the derived formulations pertinent to the progressive collapse analysis methods based on the Smith's approach are discussed.     

Prediction of hull girder moment-carrying capacity using kinematic displacement theory

The hull girder moment capacity of a very large crude oil carrier (VLCC) called Energy Concentration (EC), for which many benchmark studies have been carried out using the simple progressive collapse method (SPCM), is predicted. In this study, three approaches are used to represent the load-shortening behavior, so-called average compressive strength, of a stiffened panel, comprising the hull section: 1) kinematic displacement theory (KDT); 2) nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA); and 3) simple formulas in the common structural rule (CSR) for tankers. Load-shortening curves for various kinds of stiffened panels in EC are compared for five different scenarios with variations of load-shortening approaches and initial imperfections. In order to verify the effect of load-shortening on the prediction accuracy of the hull girder moment-carrying capacity, load-shortening curves are imported into an SPCM-based in-house program called Ultimate Moment Analysis of Damaged Ships (UMADS). Comparison of the hull girder ultimate strength for general heeling conditions, including hogging and sagging conditions, reveals that the load-shortening curves significantly affect the hull girder moment-carrying capacities. Based on our comparison of these capacities with other benchmark results, it is concluded that nonlinear FEA provided the most conservative results, KDT provided the second most conservative results, and the CSR formulas predicted the upper bound.     

废瓷砖再生砂掺配率对砂浆强度的影响及机理分析

固定水泥的用量比例与稠度制作砂浆试件,对五种废瓷砖砂掺配率、四个养护龄期下的砂浆进行抗压强度和抗折强度试验,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察细骨料以及骨料-水泥石界面的微观形貌,分析砂浆强度增长机理。试验结果表明,在同等试验条件下,随着废瓷砖砂掺配比率的增加,砂浆抗压强度增加,掺加废瓷砖再生砂可提高砂浆强度等级1~2个级别。五种砂浆的抗压强度与抗折强度均随养护龄期的增加呈现线性增长规律。SEM图像显示废瓷砖再生砂碎裂面为粗糙的层状多孔结构,与天然砂掺配使用增大了混合砂的骨料机械咬合力以及细骨料-水泥石的界面粘结力,从而提高了废瓷砖再生砂浆的整体强度。建议优先选用质地坚硬、干净无杂质的废弃贴面瓷砖作为原材料,采用两次以上破碎方式加工废瓷砖再生砂,以保证废瓷砖再生砂砂浆的强度。     

用逐步逼近弯曲求解型材弯曲弹复曲率的方法

本文从塑性弯曲理论推出了用逐步逼近弯曲求解型材弯曲弹复曲率的实用方法,对型材自动化弯曲成形工艺处理回弹问题十分有效。     

海洋平台立管系统的三维动态响应仿真研究

海洋平台立管是其生产系统的主要组成部分,立管系统的动力学特性直接影响生产平台的稳定性和安全性,针对海洋平台立管系统动态响应特性的数值分析显得尤为重要。本研究以凝集参数时域分析法对海洋平台立管系统进行三维仿真模拟,用四阶Runge--Kutta法进行积分求解,分析惯性坐标系下海洋平台立管系统的动态响应。     

简支梁桥上CRTS Ⅱ型板式轨道墩台挠曲力研究

根据简支梁桥上CRTS Ⅱ型板式轨道的结构特点,运用有限元软件建立了墩台挠曲力的计算模型,分析了底座与桥梁间的滑动层摩擦系数、墩台水平线刚度、扣件纵向阻力和轨道板、底座刚度折减系数对墩台挠曲力的影响。计算结果表明,墩台挠曲力随墩台水平线刚度的增大而增大,基本成线形关系;滑动层摩擦系数、刚度折减系数对墩台挠曲力有较大影响,而扣件纵向阻力的影响可忽略不计。     

船舶总体弯曲对沿船体纵向布置齿轮机构的影响

船体中垂及中拱弯曲变形会使沿船体纵向布置的齿轮座的中心距产生增减。研究表明,正是由于这种中心距增减而引起的齿轮倾轧,不仅会导致齿轮发热、产生噪音及振动而且还会降低齿轮、齿轮轴以及轴承的疲劳寿命和增加能耗等。文章推导了一项适用于沿船体纵向布置的齿轮座的中心距补偿公式。为了形象说明问题,文中进行有限元分析。     

波形钢腹板PC组合箱梁桥的正截面抗弯计算

分析波形钢腹板组合箱梁受力特性的已有研究成果,根据弯曲理论推导出波形钢腹板PC组合箱梁桥正截面抗弯计算公式,并给出相应的算例。研究证明,该计算方法简单可行。     

PVC塑料止水带物理力学性能试验检测方法研究

在总结止水带试验检测工作经验的基础上,对PVC塑料止水带主要的物理力学性能指标的试验检测方法进行归纳总结,供广大试验检测技术人员参考。     

钢管的热弯制作工艺研究

为使工厂内制作的钢管桁架各构件满足设计要求,保证现场的顺利安装,要求桁架主弦杆的曲率半径和尺寸精度必须达到设计所要求的标准值。制作中借助计算机模型进行钢管桁架空间圆弧的放样,通过实际操作确定弯制夹持端余量、焊接收缩余量以及装配连接预留余量的选取和去除,完成桁架主弦杆在平台上通过地桩和地线合样,借助机械外力和火焰矫正的方法进一步对弯管精度进行校核,达到设计要求。