高液限土在路堤填筑中的改良应用

综合处理应用高液限土进行公路建设,可以避免过大的增加工程造价及保证路基的强度和稳定性,结合广西等地区在这方面的实践情况,介绍了利用隔离排水、掺粗粒土、土石混填等方法综合改良高液限土进行路基填筑的经验,分析探讨其可行性,为今后相似情况下的设计或施工提供一定的借鉴。     

Public perceptions of the use of dynamic message signs

Intelligent transportation systems have been promoted as a means to improve both the efficiency and safety of the road network. The effectiveness of advanced technologies in improving road safety has been an area of research which has thus far yielded mixed results. In order to ensure that advanced technologies deliver on their intended outcomes, more research has to be devoted to understanding road users' perceptions and reactions to these systems. This study examines drivers' perceptions of the use of dynamic message signs and their self‐reported reactions to the messages displayed. In general, drivers support the use of highway electronic boards for traffic incident reports and weather information which have an impact on traffic delays and level of service. They also think that it is a good idea to display road safety messages and to remind drivers to drive safely and be courteous on the roads. Moreover, most drivers reported that they do read and think about the messages displayed and react positively to some of the road safety messages.     

隧道长度对瞬变压力的影响

与阻塞比和车速不同,隧道长度对瞬变压力的影响呈现出明显的非单调性。这是在高速铁路隧道设计中必须考虑的问题。根据现场实测资料,研究分析了压力波的传播、反射和叠加规律,提出了单线隧道相应于压力变化不同情况的"最不利隧道长度"的计算图表及公式。     

Modeling Feedback Scheme of Empty Cars in Unloading End of Heavy Haul Railway

The transportation organization of heavy haul railway is complex in China, especially, the feedback of empty cars. On the basis of reference to the existing research results, and deep analysis of the characteristics of empty cars distribution of heavy haul railway, the authors construct the feedback schematic model of empty cars in unloading end of heavy haul railway. The minimum quantity of the combined trains and the time for combination is taken as the model goal and solution algorithm on the basis of minimum cost and maximum flow is formulated. Daqin railway is taken as an example and relevant conclusions of feedback scheme of empty cars of heavy haul railway, through an analysis of calculation results, are drawn.     

钢桥面铺装混合料三轴重复加载试验变形特性

为了研究钢桥面铺装材料的高温变形特性及其车辙预估方法,针对MA及SMA两种钢桥面铺装混合料,采用三轴重复加载试验评价其高温性能,并根据试验结果,通过多元线性回归得到材料的非线性计算模型参数,使用ABAQUS有限元软件,模拟三轴试验过程,将计算变形与实测变形相比较。发现两种混合料高温变形发展规律以及对不同荷载条件的响应方式不同,SMA具有优异的高温抗变形能力;有限元模拟的误差约为10%。分析结果表明:采用三轴重复加载试验和多元线性回归确定材料的非线性计算模型参数的方法可靠,模型参数可用于沥青桥面铺装的车辙变形预估。     

碎石桩处理高液限土地基的离心试验研究

高液限土是一种对工程有害的特殊土。为了处治高液限土地基,对室内土工离心模型试验进行分析,利用离心机产生离心力场,提高模型土体的体积力,形成人工重力。模拟高液限土地基在碎石桩处理后的固结性状,观测地基模型的变形和沉降。试验结果表明,碎石桩复合地基措施确实能改善地基的受力和变形性状,极大增强地基的稳定性。     

初中课堂教学评价的初步探索与反思

本文尝试对初中课堂教学评价作一点有益的探索.论文共分三部分第一部分概述课堂教学评价研究包括对教育评价的概念、理论依据和研究方法及原则进行阐述,第二部分进行对目前初中课堂教学评价存在的问题及原因分析,第三部分对初中课堂教学提出评价策略及具体实施.     

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随着城市机动车保有量的逐年增加,汽车尾气排放已成为许多大城市空气的主要污染源。以一氧化碳（CO）、氮氧化物（NOx）和碳氢化合物（HC）为评价因子,基于单车排放因子与车速之间的关系、交通流三参数的关系,建立了路段总排放量与车速、车型比例、交通量三个因素之间的数学模型。运用非线性规划理论,建立了以路段通行能力为主要约束条件,以污染物排放量最小为目标的最优化模型,以及求解算法。通过实例证明,通过调控路段上车型构成来调控实际交通量的大小,间接地调控行驶车速,进行排放量控制的方法是可行的。     

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城市经济及机动化的发展导致我国大中城市道路交通出现了较严重的拥挤现象。本文针对目前我国铁路客运专线建设的实践,分析了利用客运专线于城际交通的可能性。论文以厦深铁路为例,从客流需求、客运专线设施对城际交通特点的适应性、相关工程技术改造要求以及交通运行效果四方面系统分析了惠深铁路开展城际客运服务的经济与社会效益。研究表明：惠深铁路兼顾城际客运功能,不仅可大幅提高厦深铁路的财务收支状况,使综合财务内部收益率达到6.5%;同时还可大幅度提高深惠间城际客运的服务水平,扩展深圳市的发展空间,加速惠州融入珠三角经济圈的进程。     

Development of analytical procedure for selection of control measures to reduce congestions at various freeway bottlenecks

Variable speed limit (VSL) and ramp metering (RM) affect freeway traffic operations in different ways and, accordingly, result in different effects on system travel time. The primary objective of this study is to propose an analytical procedure to help determine which control measure should be selected given different freeway bottlenecks and traffic conditions. The bottlenecks considered included an isolated merge bottleneck, a merge bottleneck with a closely spaced upstream off-ramp, and a diverge bottleneck with a closely spaced upstream on-ramp. Two RM and a VSL control strategies were considered, including the ALINEA, ALINEA/Q and feedback based VSL. The maximum achievable improvements in system efficiency by various control measures were calculated and the results were tested using modified cell transmission models. A coordinated control strategy that combined ALINEA/Q and VSL control was also proposed. The effects of VSL and RM control on system travel time at different freeway bottleneck areas were compared to identify the applicable conditions of different control measures. The analytical procedure was proposed for the selection of control measures at different bottlenecks and the ex-ante estimation of control effects were also discussed.