Impact of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems on residential location choice

The impacts of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) on urban development patterns were investigated in terms of households' residential location choice decisions. A discrete choice modelling approach framework was used. A stated preference (SP) logit analysis was carried out to estimate the parameters of the utility function. An attitude survey of employees of selected public and private sector organizations in the Ottawa-Carleton Region (Canada) yielded the required data for model estimation. In addition to obtaining background information, the survey elicited SP responses by presenting a number of hypothetical residential choice scenarios defined according to the principles of SP experimental design. Results show that telecommuting and ITS measures are highly significant factors in the residential choice model. This leads to the conclusion that these reinforce dispersed residential patterns and encourage moves towards outlying sites. Implications of this conclusion for urban land development planning are noted.     

The pros and cons of Intelligent Speed Adaptation as a restrictive measure for serious speed offenders

In 2011 in the Netherlands a field operational test was performed to investigate the possibility of using restrictive Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) as a penalty system for serious speed offenders. This paper presents the overall results of the research focusing on the pros and cons of the use of ISA as a restrictive measure for serious speed offenders, and on the preconditions for deployment. The results showed that the ISA systems tested have a huge effect on driver behavior and have the potential to improve road safety by reducing the level of speeding, mean speed, as well as the standard deviation of speed. However, there are also cons: the behavioral change in driving behavior was only temporary. In addition the tested technology proved too easy to override, raised issues of equity, and a substantial back office is required when implementing the system for serious speed offenders.     

船舶蓄电池的使用与维护

阐述电解液溢出对船舶蓄电池的危害,分析引起蓄电池电解液溢出的原因,探寻发生电解液溢出蓄电池的分布规律,针对船舶蓄电池的使用及维护提出建议。     

乳化沥青封层技术在路面维修中的应用

以二级公路路面工程为例,通过试验路段的试验研究和施工实践,分析探讨了乳化沥青封层路面的材料组成、施工工艺、施工程序及施工技术要求,并将乳化沥青封层路面试验路段与砂石路面路段进行了对比分析,认为采用乳化沥青封层路面技术可以保证特殊情况下路面的临时通车,明显提高路面基层强度和稳定性,保护基层和路基免遭破坏,避免产生扬尘造成环境污染,降低养护费用.在公路建设及维护工程中具有广阔的应用前景.     

公路建设的资金运作模式

公路建设的投融资正在向多渠道发展.在介绍我国公路建设现状的基础上,阐述公路建设资金的主要来源方式,探讨当前投融资体制下公路建设面临的主要问题,指出要建立合理有效的公路市场融资机制,政府还要进一步考虑如何更好地把非公有资本导入公路建设领域.     

南宁枢纽高铁信号的过渡开通

按照高铁联调联试和开通运营的条件要求,主要阐述了新建柳南客专和南黎铁路、南钦铁路引入南宁枢纽在未按设计全面完成的情况下进行信号过渡开通的方法和步骤.在工程部分建成的条件下实现高铁信号的联调联试和过渡开通,对高铁建设项目而言是一个值得研究探讨的课题和有益的尝试.     

A hybrid optimization-simulation approach for robust weekly aircraft routing and retiming

We address the robust weekly aircraft routing and retiming problem, which requires determining weekly schedules for a heterogeneous fleet that maximizes the aircraft on-time performance, minimizes the total delay, and minimizes the number of delayed passengers. The fleet is required to serve a set of flights having known departure time windows while satisfying maintenance constraints. All flights are subject to random delays that may propagate through the network. We propose to solve this problem using a hybrid optimization-simulation approach based on a novel mixed-integer nonlinear programming model for the robust weekly aircraft maintenance routing problem. For this model, we provide an equivalent mixed-integer linear programming formulation that can be solved using a commercial solver. Furthermore, we describe a Monte-Carlo-based procedure for sequentially adjusting the flight departure times. We perform an extensive computational study using instances obtained from a major international airline, having up to 3387 flights and 164 aircraft, which demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed approach. Using the simulation software SimAir to assess the robustness of the solutions produced by our approach in comparison with that for the original solutions implemented by the airline, we found that on-time performance was improved by 9.8–16.0%, cumulative delay was reduced by 25.4–33.1%, and the number of delayed passengers was reduced by 8.2–51.6%.     

Autonomous vehicle perception: The technology of today and tomorrow

Perception system design is a vital step in the development of an autonomous vehicle (AV). With the vast selection of available off-the-shelf schemes and seemingly endless options of sensor systems implemented in research and commercial vehicles, it can be difficult to identify the optimal system for one’s AV application. This article presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art AV perception technology available today. It provides up-to-date information about the advantages, disadvantages, limits, and ideal applications of specific AV sensors; the most prevalent sensors in current research and commercial AVs; autonomous features currently on the market; and localization and mapping methods currently implemented in AV research. This information is useful for newcomers to the AV field to gain a greater understanding of the current AV solution landscape and to guide experienced researchers towards research areas requiring further development. Furthermore, this paper highlights future research areas and draws conclusions about the most effective methods for AV perception and its effect on localization and mapping. Topics discussed in the Perception and Automotive Sensors section focus on the sensors themselves, whereas topics discussed in the Localization and Mapping section focus on how the vehicle perceives where it is on the road, providing context for the use of the automotive sensors. By improving on current state-of-the-art perception systems, AVs will become more robust, reliable, safe, and accessible, ultimately providing greater efficiency, mobility, and safety benefits to the public.     

高速公路养护维修方法探讨

随着汽车拥有量的不断增加,人们对出行安全非常关注,而其中高速公路的安全问题更是受到广泛关注。针对高速公路养护和维修的问题进行分析,探讨路基和路面养护和维修的具体措施与方法,可为高速公路养护工作提供参考。     

就地水泥冷再生施工技术在路面大中修养护中的应用

结合国道202线吉林省磐石段路面维修工程,对冷再生施工工艺及其性能指标进行了探讨,为就地冷再生技术在吉林省的推广应用提供参考经验。工程实践证明,旧路面就地冷再生技术具有成本低、工期短、节约材料、不损坏路基、消除污染保护环境、交通安全等特点,对于节约自然资源、保护生态环境具有极大的意义。