江户时期东渡日本的唐人及其对日本的文化影响——以唐馆为中心

江户时期东渡赴日的唐人以从事贸易活动的唐船商人为主体,他们以唐馆为活动中心,在日本社会通过日常生活和节庆习俗进行着潜移默化的中国文化传播。同时还有为数众多随唐商船同来的高僧、儒士、画家、医者等,以及具有商贸和文化交往双重身份的唐商人,他们通过更广泛的与日本人接触的机会将对日本的文化影响发挥得淋漓尽致。透过对江户时期东渡日本的唐人构成及其在唐馆内外所从事的文化活动的梳理,更可见以人和空间为载体的中国文化对日本文化的影响。     

冲绳城市单轨运输系统

简要介绍了冲绳城市单轨运输系统的设施和车辆概况.     

战后初期日本的对华政策(1945～1952)

日本于1952年旧金山和约生效前虽因失去国家独立和主权而致外交空间狭小，但仍对东亚国际政治局面积极应对，即一面在美国的安排下，参与排斥中华人民共和国于和会之外，并推进与台湾的媾和；一面则在所有外交交涉中处心积虑为与大陆建立关系留下余地。在此过程中凸现的现实主义外交手法和原则对以后的日本政府的对华政策影响至深。     

人类仿真技术在铁路系统中的应用

摘要：对应用于铁路人机工程学的人类仿真方法进行了总结,即一种仿真器是采用虚拟现实技术来模拟环境,例如驾驶仿真器、乘坐舒适度仿真器、铁路车站仿真器等。另一类仿真器则采用计算机仿真技术来评价列车司机工作时承受的精神负担、列车碰撞引起的旅客运动方式及损伤等。     

日本E5系新干线转向架

介绍了日本E5系新干线转向架的结构特点及主要技术参数。     

对车体连接部噪声侵入部位采取降噪对策后效果的验证方法

介绍了降低车辆连接部噪声的试验方案,阐述了定置试验方法以及采取降噪对策后效果的验证、确认。     

日本横滨10000型地铁车辆

介绍了日本横滨10000型地铁车辆的主要技术参数及采用的新技术、新装备。     

日本城市轨道交通的类型与技术发展

城市轨道在日本的城市交通中发挥着重要作用.介绍了日本各城市地铁建设的状况,论述了城市铁路、地铁、线性电机地铁,单轨轨道系统、自动导向系统、轻轨交通系统以及磁悬浮系统等不同类型的城市轨道交通各自的特点与功能,并对日本城市轨道交通的发展和技术开发进行了探讨.为我国城市轨道交通的发展提供参考理念和选择依据.     

Seasonal and interannual variation of physical and biological processes during 1994–2001 in the Sea of Japan/East Sea: A three-dimensional physical–biogeochemical modeling study

A Pacific basin-wide physical–biogeochemical model has been used to investigate the seasonal and interannual variation of physical and biological fields with analyses focusing on the Sea of Japan/East Sea (JES). The physical model is based on the Regional Ocean Model System (ROMS), and the biogeochemical model is based on the Carbon, Si(OH)₄, Nitrogen Ecosystem (CoSiNE) model. The coupled ROMS–CoSiNE model is forced with the daily air–sea fluxes derived from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis for the period of 1994 to 2001, and the model results are used to evaluate climate impact on nutrient transport in Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) and phytoplankton spring bloom dynamics in the JES.The model reproduces several key features of sea surface temperature (SST) and surface currents, which are consistent with the previous modeling and observational results in the JES. The calculated volume transports through the three major straits show that the Korea Strait (KS) dominates the inflow to the JES with 2.46 Sv annually, and the Tsugaru Strait (TS) and the Soya Strait (SS) are major outflows with 1.85 Sv and 0.64 Sv, respectively. Domain-averaged phytoplankton biomass in the JES reaches its spring peak 1.8 mmol N m^− 3 in May and shows a relatively weak autumn increase in November. Strong summer stratification and intense consumption of nitrate by phytoplankton during the spring result in very low nitrate concentration at the upper layer, which limits phytoplankton growth in the JES during the summer. On the other hand, the higher grazer abundance likely contributes to the strong suppression of phytoplankton biomass after the spring bloom in the JES. The model results show strong interannual variability of SST, nutrients, and phytoplankton biomass with sudden changes in 1998, which correspond to large-scale changes of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Regional comparisons of interannual variations in springtime were made for the southern and northern JES. Variations of nutrients and phytoplankton biomass related to the PDO warm/cold phase changes were detected in both the southern and northern JES, and there were regional differences with respect to the mechanisms and timing. During the warm PDO, the nutrients integrated in the MLD increased in the south and decreased in the north in winter. Conversely, during the cold PDO, the nutrients integrated in the MLD decreased in the south and increased in the north. Wind divergence/convergence likely drives the differences in the southern and northern regions when northerly and northwesterly monsoon dominates in winter in the JES. Subjected to the nutrient change, the growth of phytoplankton biomass appears to be limited neither by nutrient nor by light consistently both in the southern and northern regions. Namely, the JES is at the transition zone of the lower trophic-level ecosystem between light-limited and nutrient-limited zones.     

韩、日城市轨道交通票款清分中心的经验与借鉴

通过对韩国首尔市、日本东京市和大阪市城市轨道交通清分中心运作的介绍,提出我国建设城市轨道交通票款清分中心须注意的问题,包括建设资金来源与运作模式、下级系统的技术标准统一、票款清分规则和划账方式等,对票款清分中心的功能和在不同情况下的清分规则提出相应的建议.