客车自动关门机

阐述了客车自动关门机的发展过程、各式关门机的结构特点及作用原理     

The residential parking rent price elasticity of car ownership in Japan

By using household-level micro data captured through the National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure for 2004, this study evaluates the residential parking rent price elasticity of car ownership in Japan. It analyzes the number of cars owned by a household, using various attributes including expenditure for renting a parking space on a monthly basis. The estimation results derived from the IV-ordered probit model show that the absolute value of parking rent price elasticity of car ownership is, at most, 0.48, which is fairly small (i.e., inelastic). The elasticity value varies depending on city size; for megacities, elasticity is always negative for car ownership, whereas for middle-sized or small cities, towns, and villages, elasticity is positive for one-car ownership and negative for the ownership of more than one car. Hence, when the price of parking increases, some people may switch from more than one car to one car and some people in megacities may switch from one to zero cars. Indeed, the net effect of a price increase may be that non-car ownership increases in megacities and one-car ownership increases in other cities.     

日本新干线提速用制动系统

为了将360km/h时的紧急制动距离缩短到相当于现在运用的E2系列车在运行速度275km/h时的水平,改进了基础制动装置的性能,优化了车轮滑行再粘着控制,并且开发了加大空气阻力的装置作为补充措施。     

降低铁道车辆空气阻力的技术

探讨了降低新干线,尤其是既有线车辆空气阻力的思路和研究方法。现车试验表明,采用该研究方法可使700系比300系车辆的空气阻力降低15%,使既有线车辆(120km/h)的空气阻力降低20%。     

Relationship between phytoplankton bloom and wind stress in the sub-polar frontal area of the Japan/East Sea

The seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton blooms in the central Japan/East Sea (JES) show pronounced year-to-year variability based on Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS; 19972003) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)/Terra (20002003) observations. Wind seems to strongly influence this variability. To study the relationship between wind and bloom initiation, we analyzed daily, remotely sensed wind stress data (Active Microwave Instrument–wind [AMI–wind], NASA Scatterometer [NSCAT], and Quick Scatterometer [QuickSCAT]: 19972003) and daily chlorophyll concentrations based on ocean color data (SeaWiFS and MODIS). The results agreed well with the hypotheses; in spring, blooms began 615 days after wind stress weakened. Fall blooms started 39 days after wind strengthened. We also simulated seasonal changes using a simple light–nutrient model using two values for the respiration ratio: 10% and 20%. The use of 20% seemed to reproduce the timing of the spring bloom quite well but underestimated the absolute level of chlorophyll concentration. On the other hand, using 10% produced a better estimation of the chlorophyll concentration but failed to match the timing. Neither of the model runs reproduced the timing of the fall bloom well.     

降低AC车辆车体浪涌电压的方法

简要阐述AC车辆车体产生浪涌现象的机理和改善AC车辆接地系统的试验结果,讨论了防止极端浪涌电压的理想接地系统。     

电动车组吸烟室的空气净化系统

介绍了在日本电动车组吸烟室内采用的强制排风空气净化系统的结构和特点。     

车体构件的冲击试验

为了正确评价铁道车辆的碰撞安全性 ,日本铁道综合技术研究所对车体构件进行了冲击试验 ,并分析了试验结果     

NE列车--世界上第一列混合车组

东日本铁路公司研制了1种新型能源列车——NE列车,该列车采用锂离子电池储能混合系统,既利于环保,又提高了能量效率。通过运行试验,确认了这种混合系统的功能对车辆性能和能量效率等方面的影响几乎与设计的完全一样。     

磁悬浮列车交会通过时的车辆动力学特性

从研究3辆编组磁悬浮列车交会动力学性能入手,讨论了5辆编组磁悬浮列车交会时的动力学性能,并介绍了为改善乘坐舒适度而新近采用的控制技术。