搬运作业的工效学研究

研究调查了某地区４个火车站搬运作业工人的作业特点，劳动休息制度，劳动负荷及健康状况等，铁路搬运作业采用“三班两运转”轮班制度，工人劳动过程中负荷量较大，且主要是弯腰和转身这类易造成腰部损伤的动作，调查结果表明搬运工人的腰痛人数明显高于对照组，应加强劳动组织和劳动保护，以保障工人健康和提高工作效率。     

远破波大波高波浪作用下沉箱抗浪稳定性验算

岸壁码头施工中,沉箱受波高为13.62 m的远破波作用极其罕见,在如此大的波高下,沉箱受波峰压力和波谷压力作用,对沉箱的稳定性影响非常大。为提出合理的方案解决该问题,通过受力分析、计算、物模试验相结合的方法,对烟台西港区一期工程C6,C7,C8沉箱,进行了抗滑和抗倾覆稳定性计算,结果和物理模型试验结果相吻合。利用土力学原理,对远破波大波高作用下的已安装并回填的沉箱,可以通过沉箱背后土压力和孔隙充砂增重相结合的方案,利用土压力抵抗波浪力作用的方法,达到沉箱抗滑和抗倾覆稳定性的要求,确保工程的施工安全。     

高墩大跨连续刚构桥施工中的关键技术研究

针对山区高墩大跨度连续刚构桥梁施工的特点,结合工程实例,从主梁结构设计、悬臂浇筑施工技术要点、高墩边孔现浇施工、合龙段施工与体系转换控制技术等方面,对连续刚构桥梁施工技术难点和重要控制环节进行系统地分析,可为类似工程项目提供参考和借鉴。     

DP2自升式平台环网电站关键技术研究

本文依托某采用环网电站技术的具有世界领先水平的DP2多功能自升式海洋平台实船项目，对这种非常规的动力定位系统的设计难点和要点进行剖析，重点介绍了平台环网电站在过载、短路等故障或扰动情况下的故障隔离和故障穿越技术，并列举了相应的解决方案，最后通过实船验证对该解决方案进行了论证和总结，供类似项目借鉴。     

Potential of low viscosity oils to reduce CO2 emissions and fuel consumption of urban buses fleets

This paper shows the results of a comparative fleet test the main objective of which was to measure the influence of Low Viscosity Oils (LVO) over the fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions of urban buses. To perform this test, 39 urban buses, classified into candidate and reference groups depending on the engine oil viscosity, covered a 60,000 km mileage corresponding to two rounds of standard Oil Drain Interval (ODI). In the same way, for 9 buses of the 39 buses, the effect of differential LVO over fuel consumption and their interaction with engine LVO was assessed during the second ODI.Test results confirm that the use of LVO could reduce fuel consumption, hence CO₂ emissions. However, special attention should be taken prior to its implementation in a fleet, particularly if the vehicles are powered by engines with high mechanical and thermal stresses during vehicle operation because this could lead to friction loss increase, loss of the potential fuel consumption reduction of LVO and, in the worst scenario, higher rates of engine wear.     

Demi-flexible operating policies to promote the performance of public transit in low-demand areas

The efforts of providing attractive transport service to residents in sparse communities have previously focused on operating flexible transit services. This paper identifies a new category of transit policies, called demi-flexible operating policies, to fill the gap between flexible transit services and conventional fixed-route systems. The passenger cost function is defined as the performance measure of transit systems and the analytic work is performed based on a real-world flag-stop transit service, in which we compare its system performance with another two comparable systems, the fixed-route and flex-route services, at expected and unexpected demand levels in order to be closer to reality. In addition, the dynamic-station policy is introduced to assist the flex-route service to better deal with unexpectedly high demand. Experiments demonstrate the unique advantages of demi-flexible operating policies in providing affordable, efficient, and reliable transport service in low-demand operating environments and this work is helpful to optimize the unifying framework for designing public transit in suburban and rural areas.     

考虑跨数影响的单线铁路简支梁桥桥墩地震响应

针对8 m和25 m 2种墩高的单线铁路简支梁桥,研究跨数对中间桥墩地震响应的影响程度。采用OpenSEES程序,分别建立2跨,4跨,6跨和8跨共4种不同跨数的桥梁有限元模型。通过不同方向、不同烈度的地震动作用下地震响应的对比分析,确定跨数对中间桥墩地震响应的影响程度。研究结果表明:在纵向地震动作用下,中间桥墩地震响应随跨数的增加而增加,并在跨数多于4跨时增加趋势变缓;在横向地震动作用下,中间桥墩地震响应随跨数的增加而先增加后减小,并在跨数为4跨时达到最大值。以上趋势随着墩高和地震烈度的增加而减小,但在桥墩屈服前后略有波动。因此,在进行单线铁路简支梁桥的普通高度桥墩地震响应分析时,为了同时提高计算精度和计算效率,建模跨数以4跨为宜。     

弹性支承块橡胶套靴与块下胶垫的优化设计

针对弹性支承块枕下胶垫及套靴存在的松动、失效等问题,基于有限元动力分析模型研究块下合理刚度的取值范围,并提出将套靴与决下胶垫合二为一的新型一体化橡胶套靴的设计方案;基于有限元静力分析方法,从理论角度确定新型一体化橡胶套靴的结构参数;通过试样试制、性能测试等方法验证其经济性、可靠性与适用性。     

朔黄铁路32 m超低高度预应力混凝土简支T梁适应30 t轴重货车加固改造分析

对朔黄铁路跨度32 m超低高度预应力混凝土简支T梁适应轴重30 t及以上重载货车(1.2倍ZH(2010)活载)进行了检算分析,结果表明梁体的竖向刚度和力学性能已不能满足现行铁路规范的要求,需对桥梁进行加固改造。选取顶升预弯辅助钢梁的加固方案,使原混凝土梁和预弯辅助钢梁组成组合结构,在活载作用下二者跨中挠度协调一致,在30 t轴重活载作用下梁体的抗裂性、强度和竖向刚度等各项关键指标均满足现行规范要求,能够达到预期加固效果。     

铝合金地铁车体侧墙制造关键点研究

以地铁车体侧墙的生产制造为例,结合生产实际中遇到的问题,通过制定合理的g焊接顺序等措施有效地控制了型材的焊接变形;合适的工装胎同时辅以两阶段调修法保证了侧墙的轮廓度和高度。