Demi-flexible operating policies to promote the performance of public transit in low-demand areas

The efforts of providing attractive transport service to residents in sparse communities have previously focused on operating flexible transit services. This paper identifies a new category of transit policies, called demi-flexible operating policies, to fill the gap between flexible transit services and conventional fixed-route systems. The passenger cost function is defined as the performance measure of transit systems and the analytic work is performed based on a real-world flag-stop transit service, in which we compare its system performance with another two comparable systems, the fixed-route and flex-route services, at expected and unexpected demand levels in order to be closer to reality. In addition, the dynamic-station policy is introduced to assist the flex-route service to better deal with unexpectedly high demand. Experiments demonstrate the unique advantages of demi-flexible operating policies in providing affordable, efficient, and reliable transport service in low-demand operating environments and this work is helpful to optimize the unifying framework for designing public transit in suburban and rural areas.     

DISCRETE VARIABLE STRUCTURE CONTROL OF LINEAR TIME-INVARIANT SYSTEMS WITH TIME DELAY

IntroductionIn recentyears,many methods have been pro-posed for the design of time- delay control sys-tems[1,2 ] and criteria for the stability of time- delaysystems have been developed by many re-searchers[3 ,4] .Time delay in the control systemscan be divided into two classes on the whole.Oneis in measurement of system variables and calcula-tion for required control force,including physicalproperties of equipmentused in the systems or sig-nal transmission.The other is in control for actua-to…     

Error Robust H. 264 Video Transmission Schemes Based on Multi-frame

Multi-frame coding is supported by the emerging H. 264. It is important for the enhancement of both coding efficiency and error robustness. In this paper, error resilient schemes for H. 264 based on multi frame were investigated. Error robust H. 264 video transmission schemes were introduced for the applications with and without a feedback channel. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.     

中小跨径斜拉桥索力优化的“二阶段法”

以影响矩阵理论为基础,以有约束优化法及正装分析法为核心,提出中小跨径斜拉桥索力优化"二阶段法",并结合算例加以验证.该方法省去倒装分析过程,可以快速求出合理成桥与施工索力,对中小跨径斜拉桥成桥及施工阶段分析的索力优化计算具有实用意义。     

斜拉桥索塔锚固区环形预应力束孔道摩阻试验研究

通过某公路立交桥索塔锚固区节段足尺模型试验,实测索塔锚固区内环形预应力钢束的摩阻系数、应力损失率和伸长量等数据,与设计数据进行校核、修正,并确定实际的环形预应力束张拉的摩阻系数以及初始张拉控制应力值．使环形预应力束张拉伸长值控制在合理范围。     

弹性支承块橡胶套靴与块下胶垫的优化设计

针对弹性支承块枕下胶垫及套靴存在的松动、失效等问题,基于有限元动力分析模型研究块下合理刚度的取值范围,并提出将套靴与决下胶垫合二为一的新型一体化橡胶套靴的设计方案;基于有限元静力分析方法,从理论角度确定新型一体化橡胶套靴的结构参数;通过试样试制、性能测试等方法验证其经济性、可靠性与适用性。     

青藏铁路低架空房屋基础冻土地温及基础沉降监测及分析

针对青藏铁路高寒多年冻土的特性,为了确保多年冻土不被人为破坏及结构自身安全,青藏铁路不冻泉站区办公生产综合楼采用低架空基础。为了得到低架空房屋基础的安全性及其对多年冻土的影响,对基础冻土地温及基础沉降进行连续监测。监测数据表明:低架空房屋基础对于其下多年冻土起到有效的保护作用,房屋基础的变形控制点大部分表现为沉降,但沉降值较小,均满足现行规范要求。     

荷载分散型锚杆张拉方法探讨与研究

研究探讨只使用一个千斤顶时,对荷载分散型锚杆进行准确加载的张拉锁定方法.研究结论:荷载分散型锚杆张拉锁定应优先采用多千斤顶同步法.只使用一个千斤顶张拉一遍时,有整拉整锁、整拉单锁、补偿张拉及单拉单锁循环等几种,其中,整拉整锁法及整拉单锁法误差较大,工程应用很少;补偿张拉法对单元锚杆的弹性位移差进行了预补偿,较为合理,工程应用最多;按单元锚杆长度从短到长顺序依次张拉锁定的单拉单锁法能够满足大多数工程的实际需求.但这些方法加荷都不够准确.基于荷载控制的循环单拉单锁法,加荷准确,张拉及锁定荷载损失较小,施工操作较简单,张拉设备较小,适用于各种荷载分散型锚杆及各单元锚杆设计承载力不同的锚杆,是一种值得深入研究和推广的新方法.     

动车组用分体式冰箱设计分析

根据动车组用冰箱在高速振动及低温恶劣环境的应用特点,采取措施,加强冰箱结构强度和减振设计,提出在低温环境运行所使用的设计方法。通过理论设计和试验验证,设计出适应动车组运行条件的分体式冰箱,同时指出铁路餐车冰箱标准在执行过程遇到的问题。     

基于静止无功补偿的单相变三相电源变换研究

单相电源变换为三相电源的技术在电气化铁道辅助用电和偏远山区供电方面有广泛的应用前景,寻找一种电源变换技术为这些用电场所提供高性价比的三相电源具有现实意义,但其技术问题一直未能很好解决.本文介绍单相交流电源变为三相交流电源的分相原理,给出单相电源变换为三相电源的2个理论方案;介绍晶闸管控制电抗器(TCR)和晶闸管投切电容器(TSC)的工作原理,与单相电源变换为三相电源的原理相结合,提出分别基于TCR和TSC的单-三相电源变换器的实现方式,进而得出适用于电气化铁道和偏远山区供电的单-三相电源变换设计方案.