去势后睾酮水平下降对雄性大鼠血管舒缩功能的影响

为了探讨血管舒缩功能与雄性大鼠睾酮水平降低的关系 ,我们测定去势雄性大鼠体内睾酮水平及胸主动脉环的收缩舒张功能。结果表明 :去甲肾上腺素为1 0 - 8～ 1 0 - 5mol/ L、乙酰胆碱为 1 0 - 9～ 1 0 - 4 mol/ L时 ,去睾丸组血管收缩张力、舒张功能明显低于未去睾丸组 ( P <0 .0 5 )。去睾丸组血浆睾酮浓度明显低于未去睾丸组( P <0 .0 1 )。未去睾丸组血浆睾酮浓度与血管最大收缩张力、舒张程度呈正相关 ( r=0 .71 4,r=0 .745 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ;去睾丸组血浆睾酮浓度与血管最大收缩张力呈正相关 ( r=0 .931 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,与血管最大舒张程度无相关性 ( r=0 .36 2 ,P >0 .0 5 )。本实验结果提示 :性腺是参与血管功能调节的重要因素之一 ,雄性性腺功能低下可导致血管的收缩及舒张功能异常 ,从而有可能成为心血管疾病的发生和发展因素之一。     

提速机车横向振动问题分析

随着我国铁路五次大提速的进行,列车的运行速度有了较大的提高,但随之而来的是导致部分提速机车的横向动力学性能的恶化。而在某些速度下,机车的横向振动问题比较严重,已经影响了机车运行速度的进一步提高。为了满足铁路继续提速的要求,进一步改善机车的横向动力学性能已成为当务之急。本文针对SS9型机车在线路试验时出现的问题进行了分析,发现一系横向定位刚度不足是导致机车横向振动剧烈的主要原因。现车所采用的轴箱拉杆不能提供机车提速运行时所必需的横向定位刚度值,对轴箱拉杆进行改进后,机车的非线性稳定性得到提高,直线运行的轮轴横向力和平稳性得到很大改善,并通过线路试验得到验证。同时,由于轮轨动态作用大为改善,对机车长期运用中保持良好稳定的动力学性能、提高悬挂部件的可靠性并延长使用寿命非常有利。     

A structured flexible transit system for low demand areas

Public transit structure is traditionally designed to contain fixed bus routes and predetermined bus stations. This paper presents an alternative flexible-route transit system, in which each bus is allowed to travel across a predetermined area to serve passengers, while these bus service areas collectively form a hybrid “grand” structure that resembles hub-and-spoke and grid networks. We analyze the agency and user cost components of this proposed system in idealized square cities and seek the optimum network layout, service area of each bus, and bus headway, to minimize the total system cost. We compare the performance of the proposed transit system with those of comparable systems (e.g., fixed-route transit network and taxi service), and show how each system is advantageous under certain passenger demand levels. It is found out that under low-to-moderate demand levels, the proposed flexible-route system tends to have the lowest system cost.     

浅谈高速公路入口检测系统的功能及构成

介绍了入口超限检测系统的功能及构成,并且对其中部分分项系统进行了功能说明,对超限站的设置方案进行了详细对比分析。     

山体或大坝监测报警系统研究

分析发现山体或大坝由于内外力作用于不同段位移从而产生不同的相互拉力,位移到一定程度产生跨塌。,由此提出采用相互拉力传感器、计算机和移动通信系统硬件及其通信网,实现山体大坝监测报警系统,从而保证系统工作的可靠性。通过监测和分析山体或大坝不同段相互拉力变化状况,判定山体或大坝位移到什么时间会发生危险,以便及时发出预警信号,并采取修复措施,保护人身安全及财产损失。     

Low cost carrier competition and route entry in an emerging but regulated aviation market – The case of China

Although China lags behind other liberalized aviation markets in low cost carrier (LCC) development, its largest LCC, Spring Airlines, has achieved rapid growth in traffic volume and revenue, as well as consistent profitability, since its inauguration in 2005. Our empirical study on the Chinese domestic market suggests that Spring adopts a “cream skimming” strategy to enter high-priced routes, allowing the carrier to achieve both a very high load factor and considerable profitability. Spring’s capacity and market share on individual routes are constrained to low levels, likely due to government regulation and/or a “puppy dog” strategy adopted by the carrier. As a result, Spring is able to achieve fast growth without triggering price wars. To incumbent full service carriers, high speed rail (HSR) services impose much more significant competitive pressure than low cost carriers. Similar to LCCs in developed markets, Spring prefers to serve markets with high traffic volumes out of its operational base in Shanghai. Overall, Spring’s entry decision is not significantly affected by competition, either from full service airlines or HSR services. Our investigation suggests that LCCs have potential to introduce more competition but are yet to be a “game changer” in China. Further deregulation of the domestic market is needed.     

Nonlinear multivariate time–space threshold vector error correction model for short term traffic state prediction

We propose Time–Space Threshold Vector Error Correction (TS-TVEC) model for short term (hourly) traffic state prediction. The theory and method of cointegration with error correction mechanism is employed in the general design of the new statistical model TS-TVEC. An inherent connection between mathematical form of error correction model and traffic flow theory is revealed through the transformation of the well-known Fundamental Traffic Diagrams. A threshold regime switching framework is implemented to overcome any unknown structural changes in traffic time series. Spatial cross correlated information is incorporated with a piecewise linear vector error correction model. A Neural Network model is also constructed in parallel to comparatively test the effectiveness and robustness of the new statistical model. Our empirical study shows that the TS-TVEC model is an effective tool that is capable of modeling the complexity of stochastic traffic flow processes and potentially applicable to real time traffic state prediction.     

三相异步电动机起动失败的原因分析与对策

详细分析了电动机初次运行时常出现的瞬动跳闸、降压起动跳闸、短延时跳闸和长延时跳闸等起动故障的现象和原因,提出相应的解决办法.     

消除三相电压不平衡引起的电压源逆变器直流环节电压脉动的控制方法

研究和分析了用于消除电网不平衡时电压源逆变器直流母线脉动电流的补偿控制方法.脉动电流不仅影响传动装置的运行性能,而且降低逆变器的电源品质.控制参数范围的选择取决于变流器抵抗电压不平衡的能力和系统参数.文中讨论和分析了在控制参数范围内控制方法对每相的功率因数和电流幅值的影响,重点分析了功率因数和前端整流器输入端电流不平衡问题,并提供系统在无补偿控制和补偿控制两种状态下的数值仿真和实验测量结果.     

船舶系缆力无线监测及预警系统设计

为实时准确地对缆绳受力状况作出反馈和预警以保障船舶、货物、人员财产及港口水域的安全,采用全桥应变片测量系船柱的应力变化值进而间接计算系缆力,应用无线数传技术将应变信号传输至计算机终端,并借助LabVIEW软件对采集和调制后的信号进行计算、分析、处理和显示,研制一套数字化的系缆力无线监测系统。