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91.
92.
本文在建立船舶在风浪中的低频操纵运动方程式的基础上,探讨了船舶在风浪中的舵力保向问题。从工程实用的角度,提出了一个船舶在风浪中航行时保向舵角的近似计算公式。以“育英轮”为例,进行了计算。从保向的角度,提出了船舶在大风浪中航行时,提高抗风浪能力方法和安全航行的措施,并可望对实际工作有一点指导意义。 相似文献
93.
研究调查了某地区4个火车站搬运作业工人的作业特点,劳动休息制度,劳动负荷及健康状况等,铁路搬运作业采用“三班两运转”轮班制度,工人劳动过程中负荷量较大,且主要是弯腰和转身这类易造成腰部损伤的动作,调查结果表明搬运工人的腰痛人数明显高于对照组,应加强劳动组织和劳动保护,以保障工人健康和提高工作效率。 相似文献
94.
In recent years, the dynamic responses of flexible risers have been the focus of many researchers. Most flexible risers undergo a substantial level of irregular motion from environmental loadings, which involves a continuous slip of helical wires. The slip of helical wires especially leads to a hysteretic effect by reducing the bending stiffness, making it hard to predict the dynamic responses of flexible risers. The current study, as an extension to Part I, presents a new large-scale dynamic analysis method for flexible risers. The suggested method creates a large-scale model for the dynamic analysis that considers a geometric and bending nonlinearity of flexible risers. The kinematics of each beam element is formulated based on a Green-Lagrangian strain and the interaction with the seabed, providing a realistic analysis of flexible risers. In particular, the current study introduces a direct moment correction method that modifies the internal force vector using an improved analytical model. The improved analytical model is assigned at each node of the large-scale model and estimates an accurate bending hysteresis curve considering the effect of shear deformation and varying tension. The suggested method corrects the bending moment and shear force of all beam elements based on the bending hysteresis curves obtained from the improved analytical model, by which a complex bending behavior of flexible risers is reflected in a large-scale domain. As a result, this study achieves a more accurate prediction of the dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers. A new dynamic analysis program, called OPFLEX, is developed herein based on the suggested analysis method. Using the developed program, the current study conducts several numerical investigations to identify the effect of the shear deformation and varying tension. Consequently, it is confirmed that the shear deformation of internal layers reduces the fatigue damage of helical wires by delaying the increase of internal stress. It is also identified that the effect of varying tension deteriorates the fatigue life of flexible risers through a continuous change of contact pressure during bending. 相似文献
95.
海洋浮式装置锚泊定位系统的锚是使装置保持船位的关键设备。随着海洋工程的发展,已涌现出各种类型的海洋工程装置用锚,在锚的研究、设计和海上安装中大量采用先进的技术理论、试验方法和工艺技术,对各种海洋工程锚的特性、适用范围、国内外研究和发展情况作全面分析与阐述。 相似文献
96.
为了能够快速真实地模拟波浪与张力缆系泊浮体相互作用问题,基于二维边界元格式建立了线性条件下的数值波浪水槽,并以此为基础对张力缆系泊浮体与波浪相互作用问题进行了时域数值模拟。张力缆的作用以系泊刚度的形式表达。与其他学者的相关研究结果对比表明该计算程序是可靠的,该方法可以为相关海洋工程的设计研究提供有利的参考。 相似文献
97.
98.
本文依托某采用环网电站技术的具有世界领先水平的DP2多功能自升式海洋平台实船项目,对这种非常规的动力定位系统的设计难点和要点进行剖析,重点介绍了平台环网电站在过载、短路等故障或扰动情况下的故障隔离和故障穿越技术,并列举了相应的解决方案,最后通过实船验证对该解决方案进行了论证和总结,供类似项目借鉴。 相似文献
99.
This paper shows the results of a comparative fleet test the main objective of which was to measure the influence of Low Viscosity Oils (LVO) over the fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of urban buses. To perform this test, 39 urban buses, classified into candidate and reference groups depending on the engine oil viscosity, covered a 60,000 km mileage corresponding to two rounds of standard Oil Drain Interval (ODI). In the same way, for 9 buses of the 39 buses, the effect of differential LVO over fuel consumption and their interaction with engine LVO was assessed during the second ODI.Test results confirm that the use of LVO could reduce fuel consumption, hence CO2 emissions. However, special attention should be taken prior to its implementation in a fleet, particularly if the vehicles are powered by engines with high mechanical and thermal stresses during vehicle operation because this could lead to friction loss increase, loss of the potential fuel consumption reduction of LVO and, in the worst scenario, higher rates of engine wear. 相似文献
100.
The efforts of providing attractive transport service to residents in sparse communities have previously focused on operating flexible transit services. This paper identifies a new category of transit policies, called demi-flexible operating policies, to fill the gap between flexible transit services and conventional fixed-route systems. The passenger cost function is defined as the performance measure of transit systems and the analytic work is performed based on a real-world flag-stop transit service, in which we compare its system performance with another two comparable systems, the fixed-route and flex-route services, at expected and unexpected demand levels in order to be closer to reality. In addition, the dynamic-station policy is introduced to assist the flex-route service to better deal with unexpectedly high demand. Experiments demonstrate the unique advantages of demi-flexible operating policies in providing affordable, efficient, and reliable transport service in low-demand operating environments and this work is helpful to optimize the unifying framework for designing public transit in suburban and rural areas. 相似文献