Analysis and determination of diterpenoids in unprocessed and processed Euphorbia lathyris seeds by HPLC-ESI-MS

Euphorbia lathyris （Caper spurge） is a toxic and potent Chinese materia medica （T/PCMM）. This study sought a method for identifying five diterpenoids （Euphorbia factors LI-L3, L7a, and Ls） with the spectra of UV and mass, quantifying three diterpenoids L1, L2, and L8 in crude extracts of unprocessed and processed E. lathyris seeds by liquid chromatography/ electrospray ionization mass spectrometry （LC-ESI-MS）. The analysis was achieved on an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column （4.6 mm× 150mm i.d., 5 μm） with an isocratic elution with a mobile phase consisting of water and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min at column temperature of 30 ℃ and UV detection was set at 272 nm. An ESI source was used with a positive ionization mode. The calibration curve was linear in the ranges of 9.9-79 μg/mL for Euphorbia factor Lb 3.8-30.5μg/mL for Euphorbia factor L2, and 1.0-20.6 μg/mL for Euphorbia factor LB. The average recoveries （n=6） of three diterpenoids were 98.39%, 91.10% and 96.94%, respectively, with RSD of 2.5%, 2.4% and 2.1%, respectively. The contents of the three diterpenoids in processed E. lathyris seeds were 3.435, 1.367 and 0.286 mg/g, respectively, which decreased more sharply than those in unprocessed E. lathyris seeds which were 4.915, 1.944 and 0.425 mg/g, respectively. The method is simple, accurate, reliable and reproducible, and it can be applied to control the quality of unprocessed and processed E. lathyris seeds.     

层内混杂纤维布约束混凝土柱轴压性能试验研究

试验采用三种纤维(芳纶纤维、聚脂纤维和尼龙纤维)混杂而成的IHFRP布.通过IHFRP布约束混凝土圆柱体、棱柱体的轴压试验,研究了其破坏形态、应力一应变全曲线、峰值应力、极限应变、延性性能.试验结果表明:IHFRP显著提高了柱的承载力,对于相同层数纤维布约束试件随着混杂纤维布中芳纶纤维含量的增加,承载力增长越显著;IH...     

破碎压实技术对城镇道路地下管道的振动影响与安全评价

破碎压实技术能将旧水泥混凝土路面破碎与压实后,直接作为新路面的基层或底基层使用,它在旧水泥混凝土路面改造中有越来越广泛的应用。然而,破碎机械对城镇道路地下管道会产生冲击振动,影响管道的安全。作者以MHB（多锤头破碎）机械为研究对象,分析冲击波的传递规律和面层结构的振动,并给出了振动引起的附加动应力和Steverding...     

落锤弯沉仪测定水泥混凝土路面破损的应用

列出了水泥路面破损基本类型,介绍了落锤弯沉仪的使用方法,阐述了落锤弯沉仪用于测定水泥路面破损的基本原理以及测试示例,根据水泥路面破损测试结果制定合理的养护维修的措施。     

故障树分析法在船舶主机系统故障诊断中的应用

根据故障树分析法原理,结合船舶柴油机出现的典型故障,构筑相应的故障树,从定性和定量两个方面进行分析。实践证明,故障树分析法能从故障现象着手快速判断、分析故障原因及其逻辑关系,对复杂故障的分析和故障点的定位具有较好适用性。     

液舱内不同结构形式对晃荡的影响分析

采用光滑粒子水动力学法( SPH)对二维晃荡问题进行了计算和分析.研究了“I”型和“T”型2种结构形式对矩形液舱内液体晃荡的抑制效果.通过对不同隔板尺寸的对比研究,得到了隔板高度和宽度对晃荡的影响作用.数值分析结果表明,“I”型和“T”型种防晃结构在高度为水深的60％～80％时具有很好的防晃效果.对于“T”型防晃结构,...     

基于优化SVM的城市快速路网交通流状态判别

以交通流率、速度和占有率为输入参数,采用交叉验证法优化模型惩罚参数C和核函数参数γ,建立以径向基为核函数的支持向量机模型,判断道路断面交通流状态;结合设计的道路网综合状态指数,依据自由流、拥挤流和阻塞流状态下占有率划分区间,构建城市快速路网交通流状态判别方法;最后以某一区域路网为例,进行了实证性研究．结果表明：该方法对道路断面交通流状态判别精度可达92．22％;同时能够实现道路网范围内对自由流、拥挤流和阻塞流状态的判别,判别精度可达86．67％．     

国产CBTC系统安全认证模式探索

轨道交通系统作为大容量公共交通工具,其安全性直接关系到广大乘客的生命安全．为了保证轨道交通系统的运行安全性,系统必须在其投入运行之前进行安全认证,只有取得相应的安全授权才能投入运行．结合北京轨道交通亦庄线示范工程中信号系统的安全认证过程,探讨适合我们国家的地铁建设过程中的安全认证模式,在应用国际安全标准的同时,必须结合我们国家的实际情况开展相关的研究工作,从产品研发和工程实施全生命周期各个阶段进行安全分析和设计,把风险控制到可以接受的水平以下．     

Estimates of vertical mixing during a Lagrangian experiment off the Galician coast

An adjoint 1-D model was used to determine vertical diffusivity coefficients from temperature profiles collected within a filament escaping from the Galician coast following an upwelling event. The optimisation scheme ended with relatively high diffusivity values within the thermocline (9×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹). Such high values are relevant for biogeochemical exchanges between surface and deep waters in stratified areas.The optimised values were several orders of magnitude higher than the bulk of diffusivity measurements recorded with a free-falling device; however, the optimisation solution was consistent with the arithmetic mean of the measurements in the thermocline (7.7×10⁻⁵ m² s⁻¹), giving more weight to the few largest values. Below the thermocline, the data assimilation method failed because of the three-dimensional nature of the advective field of the upwelling system. Ignoring this advective forcing in the model led to estimates that were two orders of magnitude too high.The results suggest that turbulent mixing is a random process where a few intense events determine the average mixing that drives the long-term evolution of the water column structure. This statistical property is very important when one wants to use instantaneous diffusivity measurements for modelling purposes.     

The impact of periodic axial loads on nonlinear dynamic instability behavior of Inconel 625 pipes

In various engineering fields like aerospace and aircraft structures or marine and offshore platforms, constitutive material of critical components should be made of specific materials that can work properly in the required workspace. Such materials must have excellent properties such as high mechanical strength as well as great resistance to corrosion, oxidation, and creep. Inconel 625 is a superalloy that is chosen as constitutive material of critical components due to its great abilities. On the other hand, since investigating Inconel 625 pipe has not been done yet, different mechanical characteristics of using structures made of Inconel 625 should be assessed. Additionally, doing so would be necessary to gather information for current industrial affairs and also future investigations. Therefore, the nonlinear dynamic instability response of axially loaded Inconel 625 pipes is investigated in the current article. The pipe structure is modeled via the Donnell shell theory and nonlinear von Kármán theory. The motion equations of pipes are established by applying the Hamiltonian approach. Then, in order to alter the nonlinear derived partial differential equations into the Mathieu-Hill equation, both Navier's solution and Airy stress function are implemented. Additionally, the amplitudes of steady-state oscillation of the Inconel 625 pipe are determined by employing Bolotin's method. Eventually, the impacts of various effective parameters on the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of Inconel 625 pipes are evaluated. The results indicate static and dynamic load factors possess a remarkable effect on instability exciting areas and steady-state vibration amplitudes of pipe. Moreover, the dynamic instability response of the pipe is dependent on the radius-to-thickness and length-to-radius ratios, and also how the ratios are affected depends on the wave number.