抓住机遇精心组织全面推进"十一五"大规模铁路建设

“十五”期间,我国铁路以实施《中长期铁路网规划》为主要标志,展开了大规模、高标准的铁路建设,在扩大路网规模、提升工程标准、控制工程质量、规范建设市场、加强建设管理等方面取得了显著成绩。“十一五”是铁路跨越式发展的关键时期,也是大规模铁路建设最关键的阶段,要以确保建设规模和工程质量为重点,以扩大路网规模、优化布局结构,强攻客运专线、实现“一流的工程质量、一流的装备水平、一流的运营管理”为主要任务,充分利用和整合资源,结合技术引进和自主创新,加快构建一流技术标准体系,有序推进续转和新上项目,确保工程质量、安全、工期、投资。2006年是“十一五”开局之年,要加快前期工作,保证新项目如期开工,深化质量管理达标、工程分包专项治理和打击内业资料弄虚作假“三项治理活动”,加强安全专项整治,攻克征地拆迁、设计供图和技术问题,确保年度计划的完成。     

公路隧道交通量的预测及分析

公路隧道交通量的预测对隧道通风系统的节能以及降低隧道运营成本有很重要的意义。分别利用多元统计分析法和BP神经网络两种方法对公路隧道交通量进行了预测,并对两类预测数据进行分析比较,得出了多元统计分析法适用于车流量少而且稳定的公路隧道的预测,而BP神经网络法则适用于车流量大而且不稳定的公路隧道的预测的结论。     

Predicting asphalt pavement crack initiation following rehabilitation treatments

Prolongation of the service life of pavements requires efficient prediction of the performance of their structural condition and particularly the occurrence and propagation of cracking of the asphalt layer. Although pavement performance prediction has been extensively investigated in the past, models for predicting the cracking probability and for quantifying impacts of associated explanatory factors following pavement treatment, have not been adequately investigated in the past. In this paper the probability of alligator crack initiation following pavement treatments is modeled with the use of genetically optimized Neural Networks, The proposed methodological approach represents the actual (observed) relationships between of probability of crack initiation and the various design, traffic and weather factors as well as the different rehabilitation strategies. Data from the Long Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) Data Base and the Specific Pavement Study 5 (SPS-5) are used for model development. Results indicate that the proposed approach results in accurately predicting the probability of crack initiation following treatment; furthermore it provided information on the relationship between external factors and cracking probability that can help pavement managers in developing appropriate rehabilitation strategies.     

A bi-objective bi-level signal control policy for transport of hazardous materials in urban road networks

A bi-objective bi-level signal control optimization for hazardous material (hazmat) transport is considered to assess trade-offs between travel cost and environment impacts such as public risk exposure. A least maxi-sum risk model with explicit signal delay is presented to determine generalized travel cost for hazmat carriers. Since the bi-level signal control problem is generally a non-convex program, a bundle method using generalized gradients is proposed. A bounding strategy is developed to stabilize solutions of the bi-level program and reduce relative gaps between iterations. Numerical comparisons are made with other risk-averse models. The results indicate that the proposed bi-objective bi-level model becomes even amiable to signal control policy makers since provides flexible solutions whilst is acceptable to carriers since takes account of travel delay at signal-controlled junctions. Moreover, the trade-offs between public risk and generalized travel costs are empirically investigated among different risk models with a variety of weights. As a result, the proposed model consistently exhibits highly considerable advantage on mitigation of public risk whilst incurred less cost loss as compared to other alternatives.     

Travel mode estimation for multi-modal journey planner

For route planning and tracking, it is sometimes necessary to know if the user is walking or using some other mode of transport. In most cases, the GPS data can be acquired from the user device. It is possible to estimate user’s transportation mode based on a GPS trace at a sampling rate of once per minute. There has been little prior work on the selection of a set of features from a large number of proposed features, especially for sparse GPS data. This article considers characteristics of distribution, auto- and cross-correlations, and spectral features of speed and acceleration as possible features, and presents an approach to selecting the most significant, non-correlating features from among those. Both speed and acceleration are inferred from changes in location and time between data points. Using GPS traces of buses in the city of Tampere, and of walking, biking and driving from the OpenStreetMap and Microsoft GeoLife projects, spectral bins were found to be among the most significant non-correlating features for differentiating between walking, bicycle, bus and driving, and were used to train classifiers with a fair accuracy. Auto- and cross-correlations, kurtoses and skewnesses were found to be of no use in the classification task. Useful features were found to have a fairly large (>0.4) correlation with each other.     

合资铁路GSM-R无线通信系统技术方案探讨

在深化铁路投融资体制改革的背景下,铁路建设呈现出多方式多渠道筹集资金的特点,一些合资铁路公司应运而生,在这些铁路公司股东构成中,铁路总公司可能是控股的大股东,也可能是不具控股地位的股东,或不占任何股份仅提供专业技术和管理服务。现就铁路总公司不控股情况下的自管自营模式合资铁路GSM-R核心网、分组交换子系统、铁路调度通信系统、可控列尾系统建设方案进行研究,并对主要铁路业务的实现进行了分析,提出了自管自营模式合资铁路GSM-R无线通信系统建设性方案。     

浅谈工业机器人通讯网络控制方法

随着工业机器人的迅速发展,工业制造越来越智能化,越来越多的机器人应用于各种行业,机器人代替工人劳作势在必行。机器人设备维修人员需求量也变得越来越大。论文主要研讨UBC喷涂机器人(NACHI MC350)基本硬件组成,如何进行现场总线网络配置及地址分配以及让机器人实现外部启动所需的核心逻辑步序。     

基于动态规划理论的船厂码头移泊作业问题研究

基于动态规划理论,建立了船厂码头移泊作业问题的动态规划模型.分析了移泊作业的特点,在此基础上建立起问题的动态模型和对应的赋值有向图,把问题转化为求解赋值有向图的最优路问题.依据图论相关知识,对赋值有向图进行改进,从而得到图的最优路,最终求得问题的最优方案.通过实例计算结果与船厂实际操作安排进行比较和分析,得出算法研究的有效性和优越性的结论.     

远期城市交通模型的公交线网建立方法初探——以温州为例

公交线网是城市交通模型的重要组成部分,由于远期城市公交线网存在较大的不确定因素,本文针对远期城市交通模型提出了几种可能的公交线网建立方法,并对各种方法的优缺点和适用条件进行了评价,最后以温州城市交通模型为具体案例研究确定了公交线网的建立方法.     

隔挡式背斜构造区隧道涌突水量的BP网络预测

川东隔挡式背斜区具有其特殊的岩溶地质构造,已修建的数十条隧道每每揭露背斜区,均发生较大地下水涌突水灾害,对这种特殊构造下涌突水灾害的研究具有重要现实意义.针对岩溶地下水系统具有强烈的非线性特征,建立合适的BP神经网络,评价某在建公路华蓥山隧道的涌突水灾害危险等级.结果显示,背斜两翼非可溶岩层等级为Ⅰ～Ⅲ级;核部可溶岩地层为Ⅲ～Ⅴ级,且越靠近核部危险性等级越高;西翼涌突水危险性等级高于东翼.评价结果与勘察阶段的研究相互印证.