GPRS在煤矿瓦斯安全监测系统中的应用

提出了一种新的煤矿瓦斯安全监测系统,该系统的核心部分———GPRS监测站应用了当前流行的GPRS技术,从硬件和软件两方面详细介绍了GPRS监测站的设计及实现方法。GPRS监测站以微处理器Rabbit3000为核心,将井下上传的瓦斯浓度等数据,通过无线modem经GPRS网络发送到Internet上的远程监控中心,并在远程监控中心完成数据的存储和显示。这种新型的煤矿瓦斯安全监测系统非常适合于对边远山区的煤矿实现无线的实时在线监测。     

Violation or strengthening of the self-financing doctrine at international airports by SMCP funded PPP schemes?

International airports are among the few examples of transport infrastructures which can well achieve self-financing. The growing interest of private companies in airport construction and operation is the visible testimony to this fact. However, the financing structures of airports are complex, involving not only traffic, passenger and goods handling, but also non-aviation services, such as retail, car parking or intermodal facilities. The integration of social marginal cost pricing schemes into this organizational structure according to the strategic plans of the European Commission, however, is challenging. This paper investigates whether they comply with a second strategic policy objective at European and national level, which is to foster public-private partnerships (PPPs) in transport financing in terms of full cost coverage, risks and incentives.The cases analysed in this paper deal with two sites with very different characteristics: Munich Airport which has been publicly operated since 1991 and the Bulgarian airports Varna and Burgas, which have been managed since 2007 by one concessionaire and whose planning and future development is being accomplished with private capital. The results of both cases showed that self-financing is possible in case congestion costs are considered in the SMCP schemes, and given that air traffic growth rates return to the significant levels prior to the economic crisis. The chapter will discuss the legal implications of congestion pricing at European airports which are violating current EC legislation, as well as the impact of alternative pricing schemes on the environmental performance and technological innovation in aviation.     

城市轨道交通PPP项目系统脆弱性研究

在界定城市轨道交通政府与社会资本合作模式(public-private partnership,PPP)项目脆弱性概念与分析其形成机理的基础上,通过大量案例和相关文献,识别出对城市轨道交通PPP项目脆弱性产生影响的多个因素,从敏感性、适应性和暴露性3个维度建立系统动力学模型,定性与定量分析各影响因素间的因果关系,并选取实际案例验证该模型的适用性,并对模型中的常量进行系统动力学仿真分析,识别出城市轨道交通PPP项目脆弱性的关键影响因素。仿真结果表明,人员沟通有效性、特许权协议合理性和社会资本经济实力会对城市轨道交通PPP项目脆弱性产生显著影响,在项目中要重点关注这3个因素。     

人民币汇率走向分析

从购买力平价、利率、国际收支等方面对人民币汇率走势进行了分析,并且阐述了人民币升值可能带来的问题及对策。     

城市轨道交通项目公私合作模式的架构和建议

通过分析城市轨道交通项目公私合作模式（PPP）的必要性,针对存在的主要制约因素,提出确立交通需求目标及项目条件、界定政府与民营部门的责任、建立项目可持续经营的投资回报制度、完善有效监管制度等方面的政策建议。     

基于变权可拓物元的铁路“走出去”公私合营项目风险决策

针对铁路“走出去”公私合营(PPP)项目的风险评估决策需求，提出一种基于变权可拓物元模型与累积前景理论的风险决策方法。在构建风险评价指标体系的基础上，通过经典域、节域矩阵及待评物元等级量化值综合确定各风险指标的组合权重。考虑决策者损失规避、收益偏好等心理特征，结合变权理论与贴近度准则，从损益角度综合确定风险决策参考点，基于蒙特卡洛模拟构建风险决策价值函数与概率权重函数，通过敏感性分析对不同风险指标取值下累积前景值的相应变化进行探讨，并以实际铁路“走出去”PPP项目为例进行风险评估决策。相应分析结果表明，所提出的风险决策方法能够有效识别铁路“走出去”PPP项目建设运营过程中面临的关键风 险，判别项目风险等级贴近度，并为铁路企业与政府机构进行风险决策提供参考。     

Measuring Success of PPP Transport Projects: A Cross-Case Analysis of Toll Roads

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to measure ‘overall’ success of a public private partnership (PPP) transport projects using four case studies. All four case studies are PPP toll roads from four different EU countries (UK, Spain, Portugal and Greece). The case studies have been analysed using a manual Qualitative Comparative Analysis approach. According to the paper, three different perspectives have been used to measure the success of a project, that is, project management perspective, stakeholder perspective and contract management perspective. The ‘overall’ success has then been deduced by bringing these three perspectives together as a holistic approach. The findings are presented in the form of a matrix and the final outcome of the paper shows a simple methodological approach that can be used to measure success of a PPP transport project. Since the study takes more of a qualitative approach, researcher bias and perceptions have a major role to play in the final outcome. However, to reduce ‘biasness’, quantitative measures have also been used to quantify the Key Performance Indicators and performance measures in the case studies. It is hoped that the study makes a valid contribution to the areas of transport PPPs and performance measurement.     

How optimal was the Sydney Metro contract?: Comparison with international best practice

The New South Wales (NSW) government created the Sydney Metro Authority to design, build and operate a completely separate underground Metro rail system to supplement the existing public transport network in Sydney. By the time the NSW government abruptly cancelled the entire Metro project in early 2010, the Authority had conceived and designed a contract that was proceeding to procurement. This paper compares the elements of the proposed Sydney Metro contract to findings of the literature on optimal contracting and optimal incentives and on PPP best practice. The paper concludes that the Metro seems to have at least implicitly drawn fairly heavily on best practices and principles, but that its ultimate failure to be implemented is an instructive lesson about how operating environment can impede integration of useful knowledge and experience.     

城市地下综合管廊项目PPP模式选择

为了从众多PPP模式中识别出与综合管廊项目特征最匹配的模式,以保障综合管廊PPP项目顺利运行,首先,分析综合管廊项目特点和PPP模式特征,初步识别出7种适用于建设综合管廊的PPP模式以简化筛选过程;其次,建立影响模式选择的评价指标体系,运用OWA算子赋权计算指标权重;最后,引入可拓物元,量化PPP模式关于各指标的私有化程度,运用关联函数确定每种PPP模式对于综合管廊项目的适用程度。西安市地下综合管廊项目PPP模式选择的实证案例,验证了该方法的科学性和可操作性。     

PPP融资模式的风险分配方法

PPP模式是应用于公共基础设施建设的一种融资模式,风险分担是PPP项目取得成功的关键。综合考虑了投资和风险因素,提出了合理的风险分配原则和线性规划的风险分配方法,建立线性规划模型从理论上证明了项目风险分配存在最优结构,为PPP项目融资风险分配方法提供了一种新的思路。