基于IDEPSO-SS的多工况转向架构架可靠性分析

基于子集模拟(Subset Simulation,SS)方法求解结构失效概率,再采用改进差分进化粒子群算法(IDEPSO)优化每层样本个数和初始条件概率,以获得单工况下结构最优失效概率,并结合几何分析确定联合失效概率,计算多工况下结构失效概率,确定最优失效次序.以某型转向架构架为研究对象,先采用SS方法建立构架各工况下...     

利用优化技术提高汽车发动机综合性能的探讨

回顾了航空发动机和汽车发动机领域的优化技术的研究进展和应用现状,总结了当前发动机的优化工作主要在发动机结构、材料、燃料及燃烧、排放以及多学科优化等几个方面,从多目标优化、不确定性优化,多学科优化和优化算法等四方面分析了发动机多学科多目标优化技术的研究内容,并探讨了以节能和环保为主要目标的未来汽车发动机综合优化技术的几个研究重点。     

汽车覆盖件冲压工艺方案评价的研究

针对汽车覆盖件冲压工艺方案的特点,构建了冲压工艺方案评价指标体系,运用层次分析法建立了权重集,并根据评价指标复杂多样的特点,应用模糊评价法对各种方案进行了评价,优选出了最佳方案。通过实例证明,该评价体系的评价结果客观、合理,可满足汽车覆盖件冲压工艺方案优选的需要。     

双前桥转向杆系的空间优化分析

应用动力学仿真软件ADAMS建立了双前桥转向系统的运动学模型。采用参数化分析方法,以基于双前桥转向理论建立的各转向车轮转角范围内所有转角的实际值与理想值之间的误差累积最小为目标函数,对转向杆系进行了仿真优化分析。仿真优化所得结构参数表明,该方法可以真实地反映转向机构的运动情况。     

半开放式燃油车和电动车混合车辆路径优化问题研究

随着物流行业的迅速发展,物流运输车辆不断增加,而传统燃油汽车的使用对环境造成了一定的压力,近年来,物流电动汽车由于其节能环保的特性,得到了广泛的应用。然而由于电动汽车的充电时间较长以及运输行业的发展现状,电动汽车目前无法完全取代传统燃油汽车,两种车型同时存在于物流配送领域。文章针对半开放式多配送中心的燃油汽车和电动汽车混合车型的车辆路径优化问题进行研究,同时考虑了客户需求量、车辆载重量以及电动汽车的充电需求等约束条件,以碳排放成本、运输成本以及时间窗惩罚成本之和最小为目标建立线性整数规划数学模型,针对该问题的NP难特性,设计了改进的粒子群算法进行求解。应用佳点集理论产生初始种群,增加粒子群算法的多样性,在迭代过程中,增加局部搜索策略,避免粒子群算法陷入局部最优。实验结果表明:改进的粒子群算法获得的总成本相比标准粒子群算法获得的总成本降低5.69%,证明了该设计的改进粒子群算法在求解开放式混合车型车辆路径优化问题时的有效性;相比于不考虑碳排放的情况,考虑碳排放时传统燃油车的使用数量有所下降;相比于单一配送中心路径优化情况,开放式的多配送中心路径优化,更有利于降低物流成本。     

大客车结构有限元分析及轻量化设计

建立了某型大客车结构有限元模型,验证了该模型的正确性。完成了整车振动模态、扭转刚度的分析。在此基础上,以壳单元厚度为设计变量,以1阶扭转频率和扭转刚度为联合约束函数,以整车质量最轻为目标函数进行结构优化设计。通过对整车刚度、模态和强度的分析与校核,表明该大客车轻量化方案满足性能要求,具有可行性。     

基于微型车吸能结构改进的约束系统最优化分析

针对缩短微型车前纵梁长度的结构改进,采用MADYMO动力学分析软件对微型车目标碰撞加速度曲线、驾驶员约束系统和损伤指标进行了分析研究。以改进结构后的碰撞加速度曲线为基础进行了约束系统的参数分析,包括安全带安装位置、安全带刚度、卷收器特性、座椅刚度和转向盘的位置等,利用MADYM IZER对所选参数进行了最优化分析。研究结果表明:约束系统分析可以有效地辅助吸能结构改进,且在改进吸能结构碰撞加速度曲线后通过调整约束系统参数实现对驾驶员的良好保护。     

Study on the automatic optimization design of the cross-sectional layout of an umbilical with layers based on the GA-GLM

Marine umbilical provides the remote control function for offshore oil and gas exploitation, which is usually integrated by different functional components that vary widely in their mechanical properties. Under the action of external load, unreasonable cross-sectional layouts may lead to large cross-sectional deformation and contact pressure between components thus affecting the service life of an umbilical. Therefore, how to design the cross-sectional layout is a very necessary research work in order to improve service life of the umbilical to withstand various loads during operation. At present, the research on the cross-sectional layout of an umbilical is not sufficient, and there is no standardized design method in the design specification. Considering the mechanical and geometrical properties as the quantitative design objectives, the mathematical optimization model of the cross-sectional layout of an umbilical is proposed. Meanwhile, the layering strategy is introduced because of the processing and manufacturing factors.Then, the genetic algorithm (GA) with good global search performance and the generalized Lagrange multiplier (GLM) with fast convergence speed are combined to solve the above model. Finally, taking an umbilical as an example, the optimal cross-sectional layout is obtained and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by the numerical simulation. The results show that the optimization method proposed in this paper can quickly obtain the optimal design cross-sectional layout, and supply a specific way for the fast design of an umbilical, which has the certain engineering application value.     

Influence of the design constraints on the thickness optimization of glass panes to achieve lightweight insulating glass units in cruise ships

The increasing complexity and size in cruise ships demands for lightweight structures and practical but accurate design methods. Conventionally, the focus has been on the steel parts of the ship, as they make most of its weight. However, the proportions of other materials are increasing. Therefore, this study attempts to provide better understanding how one could reach the lightweight designs of insulating glass units (IGUs) in ships. These are windows where at least two glass panes are separated by a hermetically sealed cavity. They are thin-walled structures that benefit not only from the geometrically nonlinear behavior, but also from the load sharing. Considering these effects, their behavior is studied using the nonlinear Finite Element Method and Particle Swarm Optimization. Different design criteria are imposed on the thickness determination of the glass panes with different shapes. Rectangular, triangular, and circular shapes are considered. The results show that the triangular shapes have the least weight for a given area when the deflection criterion is the dominating one. When maximum principal stress is the thickness defining criterion, the shapes perform almost equally well. The ratio between the pane thicknesses had the most influence on the behavior of the IGU. As it increases, i.e., one pane is significantly thicker than the other, the load sharing percentage drops, but it provides the most lightweight solution. Closer it is to 1, more equally the structural stresses are divided between the panes, i.e., redundancy is achieved. Finally, it is possible to establish a simple but effective method for the thickness determination of these IGUs using the results of this study. However, more work is required, including numerical analysis and experimental testing.     

潜艇导弹包型线优化设计研究

潜艇导弹包的外形对潜艇各种航行性能都有重要影响,各个国家对潜艇导弹包的外形设计都非常重视。本文以SUBOFF潜艇为母型,首先对导弹包进行参数化,基于CFD技术与iSIGHT优化平台,运用试验设计方法创建计算样本,然后引入响应面技术构造潜体总阻力与导弹包参变量之间的近似函数,并在此基础上采用现代优化算法,以总阻力最小为优化目标寻优,确定最优点设计参数,同时分析了阻力随各设计参数变化的规律。