城市轨道交通列车开行方案的优化理论及方法

根据城市轨道交通的特点,分析客流需求的时变特征、乘客在车站的等待行为和列车与运行线的匹配关系。以轨道列车运行要求、动车组数量和运营企业利益为约束条件,以最小化乘客的等待时间为目标函数,构造拥挤环境下城市轨道交通列车开行方案的数学模型。采用遗传算法求解模型,设计基于二进制结构的特殊编码方法。以南京市地铁1号线为背景,应用本文的模型和算法进行了仿真测算。计算结果表明,利用本文模型得到的非均衡列车开行方案能够更好地满足城市轨道交通乘客和运营企业双方的利益。     

地铁车轮降噪研究

利用轮轨噪声预测模型软件TWINS,以3种典型地铁车轮结构为例,分析车轮直径和制动方式对车轮噪声的影响,并利用各种阻尼措施和基于降低车轮噪声的车轮设计原则,对车轮结构进行优化和降噪研究.研究表明:减小车轮直径会增大车轮噪声声功率级约1.5～2.0 dB;轮盘制动的车轮比踏面闸瓦制动的车轮的噪声声功率级约小7.3 dB;采用三明治阻尼板和双阻尼环结构,可分别将SHL10车轮的噪声声功率级降低约7.8和4.6 dB;各种阻尼措施对NJL2车轮的降噪效果与SHL10车轮类似;采用单阻尼环(焊接接头)结构能将SHL10车轮的噪声声功率级降低约1.8 dB;双阻尼环结构对SHDB车轮的降噪效果明显;车轮结构优化后得到的SHL10O的车轮噪声声功率级比SHI10的车轮噪声声功率级降低2.3 dB,而NJI2O车轮的噪声声功率级比NJL2车轮的噪声声功率级降低1.6 dB.     

基于再次均匀采样策略改进轨道车辆二系悬挂系统参数估计方法

基于粒子滤波和卡尔曼滤波的轨道车辆二系悬挂系统参数估计方法存在因粒子枯竭而无法对系统参数变化进行监测的缺陷,所以引入再次均匀采样策略对其进行改进.采用轨道车辆系统横向动力学模型,建立轨道车辆二系悬挂系统的横向动态空间模型,并运用改进后的参数估计算法和Matlab软件对二系横向阻尼和抗蛇行阻尼2个系统参数进行仿真计算.结果表明:在无法获得轨道横向不平顺统计特性的情况下,参数估计方法仍具有良好的鲁棒性;在轨道车辆二系悬挂系统发生突发或老化故障的情况下,改进后的参数估计方法可以准确估计系统参数的变化,且误差值始终保持在10％以下,能够实现对系统状态的实时监测.     

优化丰台西站货检作业的探讨

在分析优化丰台西站贷检作业的意义和技术保障的基础上,从改进劳动组织、再造贷检作业流程、建立货检作业信息新流程方面提出了优化丰台西站货检作业的方案,最后总结了方案可进一步提高丰台西站货检安全保障水平、经济效益和运输效率。     

Kernel Factor Analysis Algorithm with Varimax

Kernal factor analysis （KFA） with vafimax was proposed by using Mercer kernel function which can map the data in the original space to a high-dimensional feature space, and was compared with the kernel principle component analysis （KPCA）. The results show that the best error rate in handwritten digit recognition by kernel factor analysis with vadmax （4.2%） was superior to KPCA （4.4%）. The KFA with varimax could more accurately image handwritten digit recognition.     

Satisfactory Optimization Design of IIR Digital Filters

A new method called satisfactory optimization method is proposed to design IIR ( Infinite Impulse Response) digital filters, and the satisfactory optimization model is presented. The detailed algorithm of designing IIR digital filters using satisfactory optimization method is described. By using quantum genetic algorithm characterized by rapid convergence and good global search capability, the satisfying solutions are achieved in the experiment of designing lowpass and bandpass IIR digital filters. Experimental results show that the performances of IIR filters designed by the introduced method are better than those by traditional methods.     

无标底招投标的Nash均衡模型及GA算法实现

在分析现有无标底招投标规则的基础上,采用一般对象化方法,建立无标底招投标报价问题的无协作形式Nash均衡模型.在招投标报价中引入智能算法思想,运用并行选择遗传算法进行求解,并通过双矩阵的实例验证了该算法的有效性.     

城市客车驱动系统优化匹配节油五步法

本文概要阐述城市客车驱动系统优化匹配节油的方法和步骤.其方法的核心是选择合适的发动机、变速器、驱动桥、轮胎的特性参数,在满足动力性能的同时节油.     

A parallel algorithm for train rescheduling

One of the crucial factors in achieving a high punctuality in railway traffic systems, is the ability to effectively reschedule the trains when disturbances occur. The railway traffic rescheduling problem is a complex task to solve both from a practical and a computational perspective. Problems of practically relevant sizes have typically a very large search space, making them time-consuming to solve even for state-of-the-art optimization solvers. Though competitive algorithmic approaches are a widespread topic of research, not much research has been done to explore the opportunities and challenges in parallelizing them. This paper presents a parallel algorithm to efficiently solve the real-time railway rescheduling problem on a multi-core parallel architecture. We devised (1) an effective way to represent the solution space as a binary tree and (2) a novel sequential heuristic algorithm based on a depth-first search (DFS) strategy that quickly traverses the tree. Based on that, we designed a parallel algorithm for a multi-core architecture, which proved to be 10.5 times faster than the sequential algorithm even when run on a single processing core. When executed on a parallel machine with 8 cores, the speed further increased by a factor of 4.68 and every disturbance scenario in the considered case study was solved within 6 s. We conclude that for the problem under consideration, though a sequential DFS approach is fast in several disturbance scenarios, it is notably slower in many other disturbance scenarios. The parallel DFS approach that combines a DFS with simultaneous breadth-wise tree exploration, while being much faster on an average, is also consistently fast across all scenarios.     

The cost of convenience; Air pollution and noise on freeway and arterial light rail station platforms in Los Angeles

Light rail transit (LRT) systems constitute one of the most sustainable public transportation modes and transit agencies have increasingly constructed LRT lines along the median of roadways to reduce land acquisition costs and traffic conflicts. Despite these conveniences, few studies have examined the air pollution and noise exposures for passengers on LRT station platforms within freeway or arterial medians. In response, we monitored particle number count (PNC) concentrations and noise levels on 17 station platforms in the Los Angeles metro system in summer 2012 and assessed differences between freeway and arterial platforms. We visited each station on average 7 times for approximately 19 min with two teams carrying a full set of instruments. As expected, impacts were higher on green line platforms in the center of a grade-separated freeway compared to blue line platforms in the center of an arterial due to being in close proximity to greater traffic volumes. Overall, freeway-arterial platform differences were 35,100 versus 20,000 particles/cm³ for PNC and 83 versus 62 dBA for noise. This average noise intensity on green line platforms was four times that on blue line stations. We also found that PNC concentrations were significantly higher at open air monitoring platform positions compared to standing under a shade canopy (about 2000 particles/cm³ higher), but that noise levels were significantly lower at open air positions compared to under canopy positions (about 3.2 dBA lower). Results identify important factors for transport planners to consider when locating and designing in-roadway LRT platforms.