A method to estimate trip O‐D patterns using a neural network approach

This paper proposes a method which identifies the trip origin‐destination (O‐D) matrix when many pairs of values for the right hand side column (B) and the bottom row (A) of the matrix are given. The method considers B and A as the cause (input) and effect (output) of a system, respectively, and that the O‐D matrix represents the relationship between the cause and the effect. The relationship which satisfies all pairs of the cause and the effect data exactly may not be identified, but, should a general pattern of the relationship exist, it should emerge when many data sets of B and A are given. Two steps are involved in the method: the first step examines if a consistent O‐D pattern exists; if a pattern is found to exist, the second step identifies the values of the elements of the O‐D matrix. The first step is based on the shape of the possibility distributions of the values of the matrix elements. The second step uses a simple back‐propagation neural network. The method is useful to problems that require identification of the cause‐effect relationship when many sets of data for the cause and effect are available, for example, the station‐to‐station travel pattern on a rapid transit line when the total entering and exiting passengers are known at each station for many different days. The model can also be applied to other transportation problems which involve input and output relation.     

青藏铁路多年冻土区路堤阴阳坡差异分析

在多年冻土区修建铁路路堤,打破了原来天然地表与外界的热力平衡,引起地下温度场重新分布。通过对青藏铁路清水河试验段3年温度和变形数据的分析,研究路堤内阴阳坡温度场差异及其对冻土路堤变形以及稳定性的影响。研究结果表明:路堤阴阳坡的温度场在空间上不对称,时间上不同步,在8—9月阳坡冻融线下降速度明显大于阴坡,在10月下旬阴坡表层和深层的回冻速度远远大于阳坡的回冻速度;阴阳坡两侧路肩表层的融沉速率明显不同,阳坡路肩表层的沉降量明显大于阴坡路肩,并且随着时间的延续,阴阳坡路肩深层的融沉也有不对称发展的趋势;经过3个冻融循环后,路堤阴阳坡温度场、变形场仍不稳定,不对称仍在发展。     

青藏线冻土地区接地问题探讨

在冻土地区，由于土壤电阻率的增大，电力设备的安全接地变得困难起来。介绍了在低温条件下对几种典型土壤以及各类降阻剂的电阻率特性进行实验研究的结果。给出了土壤电阻率随温度变化的规律。讨论了低温条件下降阻剂的使用方法和降阻效果。总结了国内外冻土地区接地设计的实验。对改善冻土地区接地安全性的方法提出了建议。     

湖北省高速公路计重收费拆分方案

基于高速公路联网收费的原则，提出了联网收费通行费拆分算法，并在湖北省联网计重收费拆分结算系统的基础上，设计了计重货车通行费的拆分算法。     

青藏高原冻土地区输电线路电力杆塔基础设计

通过分析多年冻土对电力杆塔基础的受力特点,并经过理论计算及对非冻土地区和冻土地区电力杆塔基础设置的比较,论述了青藏高原多年冻土地区电力输电线路杆塔基础设计的特殊性和必要性,为冻土地区输电线路杆塔基础设置提供了新的技术和方法.     

多年冻土区铁路隔振沟隔振效果的数值分析

研究在多年冻土地区铁路两侧设置隔振沟的隔振效果,分析隔振沟的设置的位置及深度,提出相应的工程意见。对热水地区列车运行时所引起振动沿地面传播衰减的规律进行了实测,并根据该地区的实际情况采取用数值分析的方法得到振动沿地面传播衰减的规律,将实测与数值结果进行对比,分析不同位置和不同深度隔振沟的隔振效果。结果表明:位置对隔振的作用影响不大,从减小强振动的区域及路基的稳定性角度综合考虑,建议在3m处为佳;随着隔振沟深度的增大,隔振的效果逐渐增强,但增大的幅度不大。     

基于VBA生成订单并实现整车计划制作的方法

通过VBA编程,将大颗粒的销售预测信息转化为小颗粒的订单信息,为生产计划的制作提供基本素材,大量节约生产计划编制时间,生成的订单在完整体现预测信息的同时还更加贴合实际需求。运用此方法生成订单编制的生产计划用时短,信息准确。细化后的订单对计划的调整可快速应对,从而确保了物料需求信息的及时、准确传递。     

粗糙集理论在通信电台装载平台识别中的应用

粗糙集理论能有效地分析和处理不精确、不一致和不完整等各种不完备信息，并从中发现隐含的知识，揭示潜在的规律。讨论了粗糙集理论用于通信电台装载平台识别的方法，实践表明该方法具有重要的应用价值。     

Determination of the transportable moisture limit of iron ore fines for the prevention of liquefaction in bulk carriers

In 2013, over 500 million metric tons of Iron Ore Fines (IOF) were transported around the world using bulk carriers. Under certain conditions IOF, while being transported, can possibly undergo liquefaction. Since 2006, there has been eight reported bulk carrier casualties possibly caused by the liquefaction of IOF. The objective of this study is to evaluate, compare and verify the limitations and relevance of the Proctor/Fagerberg, Flow Table and Penetration test methods that are used to determine the Transportable Moisture Limit (TML) of IOF. The TML is the maximum gross water content that bulk cargoes, including IOF, may contain while being transported at sea without being at risk of liquefying. A thorough literature review, along with laboratory research, was carried out to compare the TML results from the three leading test methods to determine whether they produce reliable results when testing IOF. The study concludes that the three test methods, as stated in the 2012 International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes Code, are unverified and therefore not appropriate for testing IOF. This is due to the variation in the results produced by the three test methods and also due to the difference in the physical properties of IOF when compared with the materials that were originally intended for testing. It is noted that the TML alone may not control the potential liquefaction of IOF and further studies, regarding the physical properties and system variables, which cause the material to liquefy, are required to determine the liquefaction potential of IOF.