自动换档过程中的动态闭环控制

在自动换档过程中，变速器传动比的突然改变往往伴随换档冲击。为此，本文研究用调节发动机油门开度弥补牵引力波动，用动态闭环控制减少换档过程中同步齿轮的转速差和接合离合器时的主从动片的转速差等，从而提高了汽车的起步，换档品质，实现了发动机，离合器与变速器三者的最佳配合。     

Optimization models for differentiating quality of service levels in probabilistic network capacity design problems

This paper develops various chance-constrained models for optimizing the probabilistic network design problem (PNDP), where we differentiate the quality of service (QoS) and measure the related network performance under uncertain demand. The upper level problem of PNDP designs continuous/discrete link capacities shared by multi-commodity flows, and the lower level problem differentiates the corresponding QoS for demand satisfaction, to prioritize customers and/or commodities. We consider PNDP variants that have either fixed flows (formulated at the upper level) or recourse flows (at the lower level) according to different applications. We transform each probabilistic model into a mixed-integer program, and derive polynomial-time algorithms for special cases with single-row chance constraints. The paper formulates benchmark stochastic programming models by either enforcing to meet all demand or penalizing unmet demand via a linear penalty function. We compare different models and approaches by testing randomly generated network instances and an instance built on the Sioux–Falls network. Numerical results demonstrate the computational efficacy of the solution approaches and derive managerial insights.     

列控联锁一体化系统设计方案探讨

结合列控联锁一体化设计经验和发展现状，从系统处理能力、输入输出控制、轨道电路编码和统一接口等方面，对列控联锁一体化系统的设计方案提出建议供探讨。     

浅谈水泥混凝土路面施工质量控制

提出水泥混凝土路面面层的施工要点和施工的技术,以便更好地控制水泥混凝土路面的质量.     

ECDIS强制配备的港口国监督

文中依据国际公约的有关要求和PSC检查实务,详细阐述了ECDIS的港口国监督检查流程及相应的缺陷处理建议。     

基于隧道断面面积变化的围岩稳定性判别

随着新奥法施工技术的广泛应用,围岩的动态变形越来越受到人们的关注。目前,我国主要是通过监测典型节点的位移来判断围岩变形的稳定性。典型节点的变形并不能代表整个围岩断面的变形状况,该方法存在一定的缺陷,因此提出采用隧道断面面积变化的方法来评价围岩变形的稳定性。采用突变理论数学方法计算Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级围岩在不同埋深条件下断面面积的变化值,得出面积变化的极限值,最终以此极限值作为判定围岩变形稳定的判据。     

沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料(SMA)施工工艺与质量控制

主要论述了沥青玛蹄脂碎石混合料的施工工艺及质量控制.     

谈航行数据记录仪的港口国监督检查

文中在分析航行数据记录仪主要组成及功能的基础上,以IMO海上安全委员会通过的航行数据记录仪的相关决议为检查依据,结合港口国监督检查实践经验总结出航行数据记录仪检查要点及方法,结合检查实例进行阐述,以期能给同行提供一些有益的参考。     

ZD6-E/J/J型双动道岔控制电路故障分析及改进

针对现场某站ZD6-E＋J＋J三点牵引双动道岔挤岔试验时,第5机与第6机存在随机不动作,室内控制台失去表示的现象,通过排查故障原因、分析试验结果,逐步提出优化方案,将故障排除,顺利开通运行.     

Ant Colony Routing algorithm for freeway networks

Dynamic traffic routing refers to the process of (re)directing vehicles at junctions in a traffic network according to the evolving traffic conditions. The traffic management center can determine desired routes for drivers in order to optimize the performance of the traffic network by dynamic traffic routing. However, a traffic network may have thousands of links and nodes, resulting in a large-scale and computationally complex non-linear, non-convex optimization problem. To solve this problem, Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is chosen as the optimization method in this paper because of its powerful optimization heuristic for combinatorial optimization problems. ACO is implemented online to determine the control signal – i.e., the splitting rates at each node. However, using standard ACO for traffic routing is characterized by four main disadvantages: 1. traffic flows for different origins and destinations cannot be distinguished; 2. all ants may converge to one route, causing congestion; 3. constraints cannot be taken into account; and 4. neither can dynamic link costs. These problems are addressed by adopting a novel ACO algorithm with stench pheromone and with colored ants, called Ant Colony Routing (ACR). Using the stench pheromone, the ACR algorithm can distribute the vehicles over the traffic network with less or no traffic congestion, as well as reduce the number of vehicles near some sensitive zones, such as hospitals and schools. With colored ants, the traffic flows for multiple origins and destinations can be represented. The proposed approach is also implemented in a simulation-based case study in the Walcheren area, the Netherlands, illustrating the effectiveness of the approach.