燃气调压器声发射信号特征与流量关系分析

文中提取燃气调压器声发射信号的标准差、峭度这两个时域特征及重心频率、均方根频率这两个频域特征,分析特征与流量的对应关系,使用相关系数进行评价。基于北京某调压站采集的声发射信号及流量数据,实验结果表明,流量与标准差、峭度、重心频率、均方根频率的相关系数分别为0.8192、0.2889、0.7745、0.641。可见标准差、重心频率及均方根频率与流量相关性较强,峭度与流量相关性较弱。     

冲击载荷下弹性索波动行为试验装置设计

针对在冲击波作用下难以对弹性索波动行为进行试验研究且实际试验成本高等问题,提出一种冲击载荷下弹性索波动行为试验装置,装置由加速系统、钢索系统及测试系统组成。根据总体性能要求,探索波动行为特征,确定各部分组成的工作原理和详细构成（载荷和系统等多种参数可以调整）,设计相关性能试验验证方法。试验装置在设计的过程中涉及试验原理的选择、试验方法的实现,以及信号处理和图像处理等技术,可为研究钢索应力波行为提供试验基础平台,也可为钢索应力波相关工程应用领域提供技术参考。     

Fuzzy-logic-based incident detection for signalized diamond interchanges

This paper documents a fuzzy-logic-based incident detection algorithm for signalized urban diamond interchanges. The model is capable of detecting lane-blocking incidents whose effects are manifested by patterns of deterioration in traffic conditions that require adjustments in signal control strategies. As a component of a real-time traffic adaptive control system for signalized diamond interchanges, the algorithm feeds an incident report (i.e., the time, location, and severity of the incident) to the system's optimization manager, which uses that information to determine the appropriate signal control strategy.The performance of the model was studied using a simulation of an actual diamond interchange. The simulation study evaluated the model's performance in terms of detection rate, false alarm rate, and mean time to detect. The model's performance was encouraging, and the fuzzy-logic-based approach is considered promising.     

Increasing the capacity of signalized intersections with separate left turn phases

A separate turn phase is often used on the approach leg to an intersections with heavy left turns. This wastes capacity on the approach because some of its lanes cannot discharge during its green phases. The paper shows that the problem can be eliminated by reorganizing traffic on all the lanes upstream of an intersection using a mid-block pre-signal. If drivers behave deterministically, the capacity that can be achieved is the same as if there were no left turns. However, if the reorganization is too drastic, it may be counterintuitive to drivers. This can be remedied by reorganizing traffic on just some of the available lanes. It is shown that such partial reorganization still increases capacity significantly, even if drivers behave randomly and only one lane is reorganized. The paper shows how to optimize the design of a pre-signal system for a generic intersection. It also identifies both, the potential benefits of the proposed system for a broad class of intersections, and the domain of application where the benefits are most significant.     

Estimating traffic volumes for signalized intersections using connected vehicle data

Recently connected vehicle (CV) technology has received significant attention thanks to active pilot deployments supported by the US Department of Transportation (USDOT). At signalized intersections, CVs may serve as mobile sensors, providing opportunities of reducing dependencies on conventional vehicle detectors for signal operation. However, most of the existing studies mainly focus on scenarios that penetration rates of CVs reach certain level, e.g., 25%, which may not be feasible in the near future. How to utilize data from a small number of CVs to improve traffic signal operation remains an open question. In this work, we develop an approach to estimate traffic volume, a key input to many signal optimization algorithms, using GPS trajectory data from CV or navigation devices under low market penetration rates. To estimate traffic volumes, we model vehicle arrivals at signalized intersections as a time-dependent Poisson process, which can account for signal coordination. The estimation problem is formulated as a maximum likelihood problem given multiple observed trajectories from CVs approaching to the intersection. An expectation maximization (EM) procedure is derived to solve the estimation problem. Two case studies were conducted to validate our estimation algorithm. One uses the CV data from the Safety Pilot Model Deployment (SPMD) project, in which around 2800 CVs were deployed in the City of Ann Arbor, MI. The other uses vehicle trajectory data from users of a commercial navigation service in China. Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the estimation is found to be 9–12%, based on benchmark data manually collected and data from loop detectors. Considering the existing scale of CV deployments, the proposed approach could be of significant help to traffic management agencies for evaluating and operating traffic signals, paving the way of using CVs for detector-free signal operation in the future.     

分离式立交地面层交叉口一体化设计方法研究

分离式立交是解决城市拥堵的有效手段,但立交桥地面层的平面交叉口设计仍缺乏足够重视,现有的组织方式、控制方案无法有效应对立交桥下特有的交通环境.文中分析立交地面层交叉口特有的交通环境,提出一体化组织方法及信号控制模型,运用VISSIM仿真软件分析评价一体化组织方法的适用范围,为实践中可否采用一体化组织方法的决策提供参考....     

车载网络安全的系统设计研究及关键技术开发

本文介绍了车载网络安全的系统设计研究及关键技术开发,以应对黑客通过网联攻击车辆,建立智能网联汽车车内网络信息安全交互模型;分析“外部网络环境”与“车内ECU群体”之间进行“信息资源”交互过程中的安全风险,研究其对车内网络信息安全的破坏机理;利用基于密码学理论研究车内网络安全通信协议的设计方法,解决车内网络在智能网联汽车环境下面临的信息安全问题。     

排阵式交叉口几何设计与信号控制协同鲁棒优化

针对排阵式交叉口在实际交通波动环境中存在车辆滞留排序区,运行效率稳定性难以保障的问题,提出了鲁棒优化方法,平衡交叉口运行的效率和稳定性。在分析排阵式交叉口运行特性的基础上,指出了其运行效率波动性与交叉口几何设计、信号控制、交通需求、饱和流率和运行车速这5个因素有关。确定了将交通需求、饱和流率和运行车速这3个客观波动因素作为模型的输入参数,将几何设计和信号控制这2个可受设计人员控制的要素作为模型的优化控制变量进行协同优化的模型框架。在此基础上,以交叉口车均延误条件风险值最小为目标,考虑了各流向车道数、信号相位相序、排序区车辆清空等方面的约束条件,构建了基于情景的鲁棒优化模型,并建立了遗传算法对模型进行求解。通过案例分析,对鲁棒优化模型的置信水平取值和算法准确性进行了分析,证明了算法可以使目标函数收敛到最小值,并基于蒙特卡洛模拟对优化效益进行了检验。研究发现,所建立的几何设计与信号控制协同鲁棒优化模型可实现在交通需求和供给的波动下,对排阵式交叉口的车道功能、排序区长度以及主、预信号控制进行协同优化。相较于确定性的设计方法,在平均延误层面基本维持原有水平,但对延误标准差和最大值有着较为明显的改善,案例中分别减少了48%和23%。     

汕头苏埃隧道方案设计关键技术研究

根据汕头苏埃隧道的建设条件,对工程方案设计中的几个技术难点进行研究,并提出解决方案。通过采用"多级分流"理念,实现隧道与北岸4条城市主干道的交通衔接;选择"抛石+排水板"方案解决海域深厚淤泥地层中的围堰设计;8度高烈度震区选择合理的抗震减震措施解决隧道结构抗震;采取双道密封垫和加大密封垫断面的防水设计,满足地震时管片接缝张开量大的防水要求;针对复杂地层,对盾构选型和配置提出建议;对海底凸起进入隧道内的硬岩进行爆破预处理,以降低盾构施工风险。     

A signal-based fault detection and classification method for heavy haul wagons

This paper proposes a signal-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) system for heavy haul wagons considering the special requirements of low cost and robustness. The sensor network of the proposed system consists of just two accelerometers mounted on the front left and rear right of the carbody. Seven fault indicators (FIs) are proposed based on the cross-correlation analyses of the sensor-collected acceleration signals. Bolster spring fault conditions are focused on in this paper, including two different levels (small faults and moderate faults) and two locations (faults in the left and right bolster springs of the first bogie). A fully detailed dynamic model of a typical 40t axle load heavy haul wagon is developed to evaluate the deterioration of dynamic behaviour under proposed fault conditions and demonstrate the detectability of the proposed FDI method. Even though the fault conditions considered in this paper did not deteriorate the wagon dynamic behaviour dramatically, the proposed FIs show great sensitivity to the bolster spring faults. The most effective and efficient FIs are chosen for fault detection and classification. Analysis results indicate that it is possible to detect changes in bolster stiffness of ±25% and identify the fault location.