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361.
Railway reforms: do they influence operating efficiency? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper considers railway operations in 23 European countries during 1995–2001, where a series of reform initiatives were
launched by the European Commission, and analyses whether these reform initiatives improved the efficiency of the railway
systems. Efficiency is measured using Multi-directional Efficiency Analysis, which enables investigation of how railway reforms
affect the inefficiencies of specific cost drivers. The main findings are that the reform initiatives generally improve technical
efficiency but potentially differently for different cost drivers. Specifically, the paper provides empirical evidence that
accounting separation is important for improving the efficiency in the use of both material and staff costs, whereas other
reforms only influenced one of these factors.
Mette Asmild is Associate Professor in Operational Research at Warwick Business School (UK). Her main research interests are theoretical developments and practical applications of efficiency and productivity analysis techniques, particularly Data Envelopment Analysis. Torben Holvad is Economic Adviser at the European Railway Agency (France), senior research associate at the Transport Studies Unit (University of Oxford) and external associate professor at the Department of Transport (Danish Technical University). He obtained Economics degrees from Copenhagen University (MSc) and the European University Institute in Florence (PhD). Jens Leth Hougaard is Professor in Applied Microeconomics at Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen. His main research interests are related to applied microeconomics and include Efficiency Analysis and Benchmarking. Currently, he is working with cost sharing methods and allocation in networks. Dorte Kronborg is MSc in mathematical statistics from the University of Aarhus and Associate Professor at Center for Statistics, Department of Finance, Copenhagen Business School. Her primary research interests are applications and development of mathematical statistical methods within business economics. 相似文献
Dorte KronborgEmail: |
Mette Asmild is Associate Professor in Operational Research at Warwick Business School (UK). Her main research interests are theoretical developments and practical applications of efficiency and productivity analysis techniques, particularly Data Envelopment Analysis. Torben Holvad is Economic Adviser at the European Railway Agency (France), senior research associate at the Transport Studies Unit (University of Oxford) and external associate professor at the Department of Transport (Danish Technical University). He obtained Economics degrees from Copenhagen University (MSc) and the European University Institute in Florence (PhD). Jens Leth Hougaard is Professor in Applied Microeconomics at Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen. His main research interests are related to applied microeconomics and include Efficiency Analysis and Benchmarking. Currently, he is working with cost sharing methods and allocation in networks. Dorte Kronborg is MSc in mathematical statistics from the University of Aarhus and Associate Professor at Center for Statistics, Department of Finance, Copenhagen Business School. Her primary research interests are applications and development of mathematical statistical methods within business economics. 相似文献
362.
随着科技高速发展,远程视频监控系统用于建筑施工现场管理的技术越来越成熟,管理人员只需在可以接入互联网的地方,通过台式计算机、笔记本电脑、PDA等设备,就可以随时随地访问获取建筑工地施工现场的视频图像,并实现远程视频监控。文章介绍了远程视频监控系统在南宁大桥缆索吊装施工中的应用情况。 相似文献
363.
根据广西桂柳高速公路管理处日常养护调查情况,选择柳州至王灵高速公路中三段脱空比较严重路段作为试验路段,采用板底压浆方式进行处治,从原材料质量、压浆材料配合比、施工工艺以及施工质量检测等多个环节加以控制。通过板底压浆效果评定指标可以得出,压浆前、后路面板的传荷系数由68.6%增大至80.3%,脱空率由42.6%减少至13.3%,压浆效果良好,对处治板底脱空具有很好的应用。 相似文献
364.
城市公共交通发展动力涵盖政府的主导作用、公交运营企业的主动力、公众的支持力以及营销传播的助动力等"四方力量",四方力量的协同推动城市公共交通系统快速发展。首先对城市公共交通发展的动力机制进行分析,研究快速发展面临的困境以及进行公共交通系统动力协调的必要性;然后提出强化政府主导作用的"4P"发展策略、激发公交运营企业主动力的品牌服务策略、拓展公众支持力的乘客关系管理策略、发挥营销传播助动力的促销策略等公共交通协同发展策略;由此增强公共交通竞争力,提高公交出行方式分担率,推动城市可持续发展。 相似文献
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368.
舰用齿轮箱抗冲击能力时域计算 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为找出舰船设备的潜在问题或薄弱环节,从而保证舰船的战斗力;以及为避免由于对设备的抗冲击性能不了解即进行冲击试验可能对设备造成的损坏,抗冲击数值模拟分析对于舰用设备是必要的。对舰用齿轮箱抗冲击能力进行时域数值模拟,使用MDT软件建立齿轮箱三维几何模型,利用HyperMesh软件进行前处理以及有限元网格划分,并将有限元模型导入ABAQUS软件,对齿轮箱抗冲击能力进行时域计算。分析数值模拟结果得到了齿轮箱典型部位处冲击响应,总结了齿轮箱抗冲击的一些规律,并找出了齿轮箱结构抗冲击的薄弱环节,为齿轮箱结构优化设计提供了参考。 相似文献
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