Impacts of increased rail infrastructure charges in Sweden

The impacts of the already decided increase in rail infrastructure charges in Sweden are described for various market segments within the rail transport system and on the aggregate level for society as a whole. The need for complementary measures in the road transport system is also discussed. Likewise, the paper also mentions the impact of increased rail infrastructure charges on certain significant industrial sectors. An increase in rail charges may reduce social welfare even though the reduction in rail transport mileage is small. This is mainly due to large non-internalised absolute externalities for road freight. For commuter trains, the infrastructure charges' share of the costs of rail transport is expected to rise to 13 percent, which in an international perspective still will be small.     

综合数据处理系统在津滨轻轨中的应用

结合综合数据处理系统在津滨轻轨工程中的应用实例，提出城市轻轨项目信息集成与综合处理的解决方案，并进一步探讨系统在设备综合维护管理方面的扩展应用。     

山地旅游轨道交通线路规划的适应性评价

山地景区地势复杂,其发展普遍受交通所限,为了提高山地景区的运营效益、带动经济发展,国内部分景区规划和修建了山地旅游轨道交通。本文列举了山地旅游轨道交通特征及线路规划模式,从地理环境、自然环境、供需环境及与常规公交的关系四个角度分析,对应建立四个子系统,并选取具有山地旅游轨道交通特性的评价指标体系,利用层次分析法和变异系数法组合赋权重,运用灰色关联分析法的评价模型,据此判断线路规划方案适应性的优劣。     

HGM-D型高摩合成闸瓦在肯尼亚蒙内铁路的运用

介绍了肯尼亚蒙内铁路概况及线路特点,HGM-D型高摩合成闸瓦性能参数以及在蒙内铁路C70E、X70、NX70型货车上运用验证情况.验证表明HGM-D型高摩合成闸瓦有效降低车轮和闸瓦磨耗量以及闸瓦金属镶嵌物,提高了车辆运行品质和制动效能.     

基于FPGA和DSP的高速实时轨道巡检图像采集处理系统

基于FPGA和DSP的高速实时轨道巡检图像采集处理系统由光学系统、FPGA模块、DSP图像处理模块及上位机组成.为提升图像采集的质量,提出并设计线阵相机加激光光源的组合方案,用以有效滤除阳光干扰,避免图像过度曝光.针对高速实时采集需求,设计FPGA采集模块,实现巡检图像采集控制和传输.针对实时智能检测需求,开发基于DS...     

城轨交通信号系统资源共享与互联互通

实现城市轨道交通信号系统资源共享的基本形式有技术共享、操作界面和方式的共享、检修设备共享、人力资源共享、维修工艺共享、仿真培训设备资源共享等;信号系统互联互通的基本条件是:信号制式相同,系统结构和功能划分一致,地车信息传输系统兼容,列车定位技术兼容或统一,ATP安全控制方式统一设计和要求,列车驾驶模式和操作方式统一,信号与车辆接口相同,信号与PIS系统合理分配频道和接口;实现信号系统互联互通的基本手段有:采用同一厂商相同制式的信号系统,加装多套信号车载设备和地面设备.采用通用的信号车载设备,实现规范和标准的信号互联互通等.概括介绍国外轨道交通资源共享与互联互通的研究发展情况.     

基于CANopen协议的轨道交通安全计算机平台研究

CANopen是基于CAN(Controller Area Network)开发的应用层协议.本文在分析CANopen协议的通信原理的基础上,针对轨道交通安全计算机平台的通信需求,着重介绍了安全计算机平台通信部分的设计与实现,包括CAN网络中各个节点的硬件接口设计,以及软件设计与实现;并通过试验测试和现场正式运行,验证...     

Estimation of rail passenger flow and system utilization with ticket transaction and gate data

Capturing the dynamics in passenger flow and system utilization over time and space is extremely important for railway operators. Previous studies usually estimated passenger flow using automatic fare collection data, and their applications are limited to a single stopping pattern and/or a single type of ticket. However, the conventional railway in Taiwan provides four types of ticket and five types of train service with a number of stopping patterns. This study develops a comprehensive framework and corresponding algorithms to map passenger flow and evaluate system utilization. A multinomial logit model is constructed and incorporated in the algorithms to estimate passenger train selection behavior. Results from the empirical studies demonstrate that the developed framework and algorithms can successfully match passengers with train services. With this tool, operators can efficiently examine passenger flow and service utilization, thereby quickly adjusting their service strategies accordingly to improve system performance.     

活动甲板室锁紧系统的设计与结构强度分析

针对使用气动减振装置的活动甲板室,提出一种航行锁紧系统的设计,用于大风浪或者航行状态下将活动甲板室与主船体进行刚性连接。结合一条使用该航行锁紧系统的大型自航绞吸挖泥船,阐述该锁紧系统的结构形式和工作方式等内容,并且对该系统各组成结构所承受的载荷进行分析,基于此对相应结构的强度进行有限元分析,证明该系统结构强度可以满足设计要求。研究结果对采用类似方法将甲板室与主船体进行连接的船舶设计工作具有一定参考价值,也为一些船型的开发提供新的思路。     

European rail reform and passenger services - the next steps

Whilst the emphasis of European Union rail legislation to date has been on freight, measures such as separation of infrastructure from operations, infrastructure charging regimes and regulation have major implications for the passenger sector. But implementation of these measures in many countries has been inadequate. Crucial to overcoming these problems is the establishment of strong independent regulators in all member states. There is currently no requirement for competition in the passenger sector except for international services, but there is experience both of open access for commercial services and of competitive franchising. However, even where permitted open access competition has been very limited and there is evidence that undesirable cream skimming may be a problem. Experience of franchising has generally been positive, but in some cases it has failed to drive down costs. It is concluded that a combination of more sensible risk sharing, a determination not to renegotiate, longer franchises and limited open access competition where justified by benefits is likely to be the best way forward.