轮对踏面擦伤及剥离数字化检测技术

针对车辆轮对踏面损伤检测问题。利用激光传感技术建立轮对踏面数字矩阵,通过二维双线性插值、Marr算子边缘检测和基于踏面局部外形分解的数据校正数字化处理技术,在轮对动态过程中快速提取轮对踏面擦伤、局部册下深度和剥离长度等特征信息,精确拟合出踏面状况并加以诊断。检测系统经过实际应用表明,不仅能够自动检测出踏面擦伤和剥离,而且具有显示、打印检测结果的二维和三维图形。以及轮对数据库管理等多种功能。     

重庆轻轨新线高架桥分析

曲线桥是立交桥和高架桥的一种重要的结构形式，在交通运输中起着重要作用，本文主要研究重庆轻轨出段线部分高架曲线桥的构造特点，并对其受力特性进行了分析研究。     

钢轨轨头三维应力有限元分析

应用有限元分析程序ANSYS5．5对60kg·m-1钢轨轨头接触应力和最大负弯矩截面的弯曲应力进行了分析计算，并给出在实际机车轮压作用下有关截面上的应力数值和分布规律，为今后研究钢轨轨头近表面区域缺陷的发展规律及预测伤损钢轨的使用寿命提供了依据。     

北京直径线盾构施工的关键技术

随着城市轨道交通事业的快速发展,盾构法施工技术在隧道建设中已得到广泛应用。结合北京站—北京西站地下直径线工程的盾构始发、盾构穿越护城河及下穿宣武门地铁站等施工实践,介绍在砂卵石地质条件下利用盾构法修建隧道的关键施工技术,以期为类似工程施工提供借鉴。     

A simplified model of wheel/rail contact mechanics for non-Hertzian problems and its application in rail vehicle dynamic simulations

The presented model assumes semi-elliptical normal pressure distribution in the direction of rolling. The contact area is found by virtual penetration of wheel and rail. The normal pressure is calculated by satisfying contact conditions at the geometrical point of contact. The calculation is non-iterative, fast and completely reliable. It may be carried out on-line in MultiBody Systems (MBS) computer codes. The tests using the programme CONTACT by Kalker and experience from application in MBS codes show that the model is suitable for technical applications. The creep forces have been calculated with the FASTSIM algorithm, adapted for a non-elliptical contact area. Some applications in rail vehicle dynamics and wear simulation have been outlined.     

基于嵌入式技术的轨道交通车站设备监控系统研发

本文通过对轨道交通车站设备监控系统的研究,提出了轨道交通车站设备监控系统的研发方案,并对各子系统的功能进行了一定的阐述。     

基于SEM模型的轨道交通企业员工满意度评价

员工满意度的高低直接影响着企业经营活动的效率。本文首先介绍了结构方程模型（SEM模型）的基本原理,然后从轨道交通企业的特点出发,建立了轨道交通企业员工满意度评价的SEM模型及指标体系,最后以深圳地铁运营分公司员工满意度评价为例,对SEM模型进行了实证性研究。     

弹性需求下的轨道交通客流分配模型和算法研究

文章分析了轨道交通客流需求量的影响因素,以拥挤条件下的出行阻抗函数为基础,通过引入弹性需求条件下的轨道交通均衡配流条件,构建了弹性需求的均衡配流模型。根据模型的特点,给出了改进的用于求解弹性需求下的轨道交通均衡配流模型的Frank-wolfe算法。最后通过一个算例说明了算法的有效性和合理性。     

Environmental rail charges in Europe: a review

European legislation implies the use of marginal social cost pricing in rail access charges levied on rail operators. Thus, they may include specific environmental charges to internalise the impacts of rail transport. However, when applying these principles in practice, several difficulties call for second-best settings adapted to the particularities of the rail market. In this context, few European railway administrations are already implementing rail access charges with an environmental dimension. This paper reviews the literature on the issue and assesses the current European experience in noise and air pollution rail charges. For this purpose, an analytical framework is built on the definition of four basic dimensions: charging approach, allocation of abatement efforts, degree of differentiation and intermodal approach. The qualitative examination of the existing systems suggests that the level of environmental surcharges can be generally increased given the low substitutability between rail and road and that the range of abatement possibilities should be enlarged by further differentiating charges. It is also found that the pricing scope should be adapted to achieve particular cost-efficient allocations of abatement efforts among rail operators and upstream agents. Finally, further research requirements for a quantitative assessment are defined.     

青藏铁路弹条Ⅱ型扣件系统低温阻力特性试验研究

扣件系统必须具备的普遍功能是,弹性的吸收钢轨力并传递其至轨枕,提供防爬阻力去限制无缝线路钢轨的位移和断轨后产生的缝隙;对于地处高寒地区的青藏铁路,扣件系统的防爬阻力性能显得更加重要。测试了低温状态下扣件系统的防爬阻力性能。试验结果表明:与常温对比,温度为-20℃时,扣件阻力降低5%左右,而温度为-40℃时,扣件阻力降低20%左右;在低温时,青藏铁路无缝线路试验段扣件系统提供给钢轨的阻力可保证大于轨枕纵向阻力。