铁路货物运输市场价格优化模型研究

常用的定价方法主要是成本定价法、投资回报率法以及目标利润率方法等,但这些方法在使用时不易掌握,不能分析各类市场因素对价格水平的影响以及影响程度。为了能够在定价中综合考虑市场因素,根据优化理论建立了铁路货物运输市场价格模型,模型中以收入与支出的差额最大化为优化目标,以运输价格水平与货物的市场价格水平之间保持一定的比例为约束,其结果描述了各种因素与价格之间的关系,由此可以分析影响运价的价格弹性、各种运输方式的市场份额等主要因素的作用和影响,并通过具体示例进行了价格测算。     

铁路通信各专业业务及接入方式探讨

总结铁路通信系统中各专业业务、接口和接入方式,分析其中存在的业务种类繁多、接口不标准、接入方式不统一等问题,提出相应的通信接入方式整合建议。     

基于GPRS的铁路电力变压器远程实时监测报警系统的开发

介绍了一种基于GPRS的铁路电力变压器远程实时监测报警系统的开发及应用情况。该系统基于中国移动GPRS无线数据业务平台和通讯平台。采用vc＋＋与汇编及ADS1．2开发环境编制,实现了铁路电力变压器运行状态的远程实时监控。经过一年的运行,系统能够满足现场工作的需要。     

青藏铁路清水河段加筋路堤的试验研究

通过对青藏铁路清水河段加筋路堤一些初步的试验研究 ,分析加筋路堤在保护多年冻土和维护铁路路基稳定性方面的作用 ,对该加筋路堤下地温情况及多年冻土的人为上限进行分析研究。     

考虑资金约束的中欧班列运价与运量决策分析

针对围绕中欧班列业务而产生的中小企业资金约束问题,本文考虑运输价格和运输服务质量双重需求特征,构建由中欧班列和国际货代公司组成的二级物流服务供应链博弈模型,分别求解无资金约束、银行融资、中欧融资及集中决策这4种情景下双方的运价决策和利润函数。以利润函数最大化为目标,探究货代公司自有资金、中欧班列运输服务质量对双方定价与融资决策影响的作用机理,验证不同融资模式选择的可行范围,并进行数值分析。研究表明：资金约束使得中欧班列运输价格升高,但相比银行融资模式,中欧融资模式能够提供更低的运输价格。中欧融资模式下,双方利润受货代公司自有资金的影响,只有当自有资金小于某临界值时,双方才会选择该融资模式,且中欧融资模式下,供应链整体绩效高于银行融资模式。     

天津西南环线铁路钢横梁框架墩设计

当前,新建铁路临近市区或车站地段,往往铁路密集、纵横交错,新建线路与既有铁路、公路小角度交叉的情况不可避免;加之临近车站时线路纵断面抬高困难,需严格限制上跨线路的结构建筑高度.钢横梁框架墩的建筑高度较低,而横向跨度相对较大,是此类工点较好的解决方案.本文介绍了钢横梁框架墩的结构特点,分析比较了不同的墩顶固结方式,并总结了设计注意事项.     

The effects of information bias and riding frequency on noise annoyance to a new railway extension in Hong Kong

We investigate how two non-acoustic factors, information bias and riding frequency, can affect the annoyance response of an urban population to noise created by a new railway line. The study shows that information bias is asymmetrical. Respondents receiving only information on positive measures taken by the authority to reduce noise emission are more tolerant of the noise impact, but those receiving only critical views tend to be more annoyed because they feel that not all measures to reduce noise have been employed. Additionally people who use the line frequently are more tolerant to the noise impact than those who do not. Information bias seems to have a temporary masking effect over riding frequency lasting for a few weeks after railway opening. This suggest that whilst free flow of information provided by the authority can help alleviate annoyance response, encouraging the people affected to make use of the new infrastructure may be useful to reduce public resistance and noise annoyance.     

新时期铁路局标准化管理工作的探讨

简单扼要地叙述了标准化管理的基本原理,试图从标准化管理在铁路局中地位和作用这个视角出发,论述在新时期铁路局标准化管理工作的主要任务,探讨铁路局如何又好又快地实施标准化管理的工作模式和建议。     

试论标准化管理与铁路运输安全的关联度

从近几年铁路部门发生行车事故原因剖析的视角出发，阐述标准化管理工作与铁路运输安全相互间密不可分的关系，并就标准化管理工作如何紧贴铁道部“高标准、讲科学、不懈怠”要求和保障铁路运输安全，提出具体的对策和措施。     

Prediction of wheel wear in urban railway transport: comparison of existing models

One of the most important maintenance costs in tramway transport comes from wear of wheel profiles. In the highly competitive railway market, the prediction of wear is then a major concern of the constructors. In this article, we present and compare four models well adapted to tramway conditions, involving contacts on the rolling tread and on the flange with very different sliding and pressure conditions. Moreover, all models can be implemented from the natural outputs of the railway simulation packages classically used in industry for the dynamics design of the vehicles. The first one, proposed by Jendel, is based on the well-known Archard's wear model. Enblom continues Jendel's approach by taking into account the contribution of wheel deformation on the sliding velocity. The last two models, developed by Zobory, and Pearce and Sherratt, determine the wear from the energy dissipation in the contact area. The models are first compared on a theoretical basis and, for that purpose, are rewritten in a common form. Two cases are distinguished: mild wear as arising on the rolling tread and severe wear as arising on the flange. The models are also compared in the practical case of an urban transport vehicle running on circular tracks with different curve radii. Although the models show equivalent trends according to the theoretical study, important discrepancies appear between estimated wear depths. All models are actually dependent on experimental coefficients and it is likely that they were estimated in different conditions. On the other hand, a reasonable agreement can be found in some particular conditions. As an example, Zobory's, Enblom's and Jendel's models are very close to each other in severe wear conditions. This work shows that a general and reliable model could probably be developed from all positive aspects of the existing ones.