Driver requirements and road traffic informatics

Initially the driver's role as a link in the driver-vehicle-road-traffic control-chain is discussed in a historical perspective. The gradual changes and the advantages and problems arising from these changes are discussed from behavioural point of view.Then the driver tasks are analyzed. A separation is made between trip planning, navigation, road following, traffic interaction, rule compliance, other than traffic tasks, car handling and speed choice. The relations between and the weights of these subtasks are discussed. Some existing driver behaviour models are reviewed in relation to the above mentioned tasks.Finally an effort is made based on the analyses of driver tasks and driver models to specify some general and some more specific potential advantages and problems with expected future RTI-systems.     

Japanese perspective of driver information systems

A perspective view of of Japanese R&D activities of Driver Information Systems is given from the standpoint of developing joint projects by public and private sectors. First, a brief history of the R&D activities is illustrated from above mentioned standpoint. Then, two major projects, AMTICS and RACS, and the social backgrounds of these projects are explained. In order to give a clear idea of both projects some technical details are treated.Based on the history and the present status of the developments, the basic design conceptions of Japanese Driver Information Systems are explained and several factors or reasons which have influenced to the design conception are discussed. Then, the promoting systems of the R&D activities are generally explained and present status of the projects and future problems in developing more advanced systems are also handled. A brief discussion on the establishment of international standard is also mentioned as a final comment.     

铁路货物运输市场价格优化模型研究

常用的定价方法主要是成本定价法、投资回报率法以及目标利润率方法等,但这些方法在使用时不易掌握,不能分析各类市场因素对价格水平的影响以及影响程度。为了能够在定价中综合考虑市场因素,根据优化理论建立了铁路货物运输市场价格模型,模型中以收入与支出的差额最大化为优化目标,以运输价格水平与货物的市场价格水平之间保持一定的比例为约束,其结果描述了各种因素与价格之间的关系,由此可以分析影响运价的价格弹性、各种运输方式的市场份额等主要因素的作用和影响,并通过具体示例进行了价格测算。     

机务管理信息系统的分析与运用

详细地对机务管理信息系统进行了分析，指出了系统运行环境和主要技术功能，为机务管理部门进行现代化管理提供了很好的借鉴。     

Analysis on Uncertain Information and Actions for Preventing Collision

Discusses and analyzes the causes and characteristics of the uncertainties of the information and actions for preventing collision at sea on the basic knowledge of the collision avoidance.Describes the ways and functions of the investigations about the uncertainties of the information and actions of collision avoidance with the navigation simulators.Puts forward some suggestions for the officers to master the skills of the recognition of these uncertainties of the information and actions by the training with the sim- ulator during the MET course.     

角色自律分散系统概念及体系结构

从理论研究和应用研究等角度综述自律分散系统技术的国内外研究现状,归纳出系统潜在功能的自律表达应用模式。对自动化系统进行多层次抽象,明确了集中式、客户/服务器和自律分散结构的适应领域,明确了系统功能及其表达方式的时空关系。自动化系统的功能包括固定功能、人工进化功能、潜在功能和自我进化功能;系统功能表达方式的时空关系有时空不变、时间可变和时空可变3种。对系统潜在功能的自律(时空可变)表达模式进行提炼,定义角色自律分散系统的概念。提出角色域与数据域双重驱动的角色自律分散系统的体系结构,角色和数据通过角色域与数据域进行交互,角色自律控制器实现角色转换的协调,数据仲裁器确保分散环境中的数据一致性,角色/功能/对象调度器分别实现系统角色,功能和对象的调度与激活。将角色自律分散系统体系结构应用于铁路调度系统中,表明技术上是可行性的。     

改进的BP神经网络在铁路客运量时间序列预测中的应用

针对目前铁路客运量预测方法的不足,采用改进的BP神经网络对铁路客运量时间序列进行预测。分析改进的BP神经网络原理,对1980年—1998年的铁路客运量进行归一化处理,建立铁路客运量时间序列神经网络预测模型,设计网络参数,进行网络学习与训练的仿真试验。对比分析改进的BP神经网络与标准的BP神经网络预测结果,证明改进的BP神经网络预测结果更准确,精度更高。     

MapX在电子海图中的应用与实现

研究MapX的特点,应用MapX实现了电子海图中GIS的功能,并以船舶监控系统中GIS分析部分为例,实现了图层操作,海图要素拾取、添加,船舶监控,轨迹回放等功能。     

“三线一图”勤务指挥平台的研发与应用

通过对"122"接报警系统信息(交通拥堵报警与交通事故报警信息)、交通流量监测信息、动态岗位勤务数据信息、数字电台单兵定位信息等多类警情和警力信息进行集成,经自动统计分析后,利用GIS电子地图直观展示交通警情高发点段,建立以"警力线、警情线、指挥线"和"警情热点信息图"为基础的勤务指挥调度平台,为依据警情指挥调动路面警力实时提供辅助决策信息,全面实现警力与警情的同步浮动和匹配。     

Managing transportation during highway reconstruction: A recommended process

Major highway reconstruction can cause significant disruptions to existing travel patterns and economic activity. Reducing these impacts on travelers, shippers, businesses and residents requires that innovative and effective transportation management actions be developed and implemented. This paper reports the major findings and recommendations of a research study on managing transportation during highway, reconstruction. The primary objectives of the study were