Regenerative braking algorithm for an ISG HEV based on regenerative torque optimization

A novel regenerative braking algorithm based on regenerative torque optimization with emulate engine compression braking (EECB) was proposed to make effective and maximum use of brake energy in order to improve fuel economy. The actual brake oil pressure of driving wheel which is reduced by the amount of the regenerative braking force is supplied from the electronic hydraulic brake system. Regenerative torque optimization maximizes the actual regenerative power recuperation by energy storage component, and EECB is a useful extended type of regenerative braking. The simulation results show that actual regenerative power recuperation for the novel regenerative braking algorithm is more than using conventional one, and life-span of brake disks is prolonged for the novel algorithm.     

Analysis of the car body stability performance after coupler jack-knifing during braking

This paper aims to improve car body stability performance by optimising locomotive parameters when coupler jack-knifing occurs during braking. In order to prevent car body instability behaviour caused by coupler jack-knifing, a multi-locomotive simulation model and a series of field braking tests are developed to analyse the influence of the secondary suspension and the secondary lateral stopper on the car body stability performance during braking. According to simulation and test results, increasing secondary lateral stiffness contributes to limit car body yaw angle during braking. However, it seriously affects the dynamic performance of the locomotive. For the secondary lateral stopper, its lateral stiffness and free clearance have a significant influence on improving the car body stability capacity, and have less effect on the dynamic performance of the locomotive. An optimised measure was proposed and adopted on the test locomotive. For the optimised locomotive, the lateral stiffness of secondary lateral stopper is increased to 7875?kN/m, while its free clearance is decreased to 10?mm. The optimised locomotive has excellent dynamic and safety performance. Comparing with the original locomotive, the maximum car body yaw angle and coupler rotation angle of the optimised locomotive were reduced by 59.25% and 53.19%, respectively, according to the practical application. The maximum derailment coefficient was 0.32, and the maximum wheelset lateral force was 39.5?kN. Hence, reasonable parameters of secondary lateral stopper can improve the car body stability capacity and the running safety of the heavy haul locomotive.     

差动制动对汽车制动稳定性的影响

为了提高汽车制动的安全性,对差动制动的力学特性进行了分析,运用ADAMS/Car软件建立了汽车各子系统动力学模型,通过对主要子系统进行相应的设置,建立了整车动力学仿真模型,进行了直线制动及转弯制动稳定性仿真分析,研究了差动制动对制动稳定性的影响。仿真结果表明:差动制动方式可以减小汽车转弯制动时的质心侧偏角,提高汽车的制动稳定性,但汽车质量对于制动稳定性影响较大,因此,应用差动制动时应注意制动力分配方式,并考虑质量变化的影响。     

模糊PID控制的电动汽车再生制动系统变换器的研究

提出了利用超级电容作为储能元件实现电动汽车再生制动的能量回收方案,分析了电动汽车控制系统的双向DC/DC变换器和电机驱动器的驱动降压电路、制动升压电路,设计了该控制系统的模糊自整定PID控制器。通过仿真研究表明,在车辆驱动降压变换时,模糊自整定PID控制的超级电容器在150 A左右的大电流放电情况下,超级电容仍能维持2.5 s的指定电压输出,车辆在额定功率下工作,通过降压变换,超级电容储存的能量迅速供给电机,有效提高了驱动电流,改善了起动及加速性能,有效增加了续驶里程。在制动升压变换时,模糊自整定PID控制的超级电容器电流基本跟随指令值上下波动,超级电容电压从120 V不断上升,使得该电容器的储能能力得到充分利用,实现了高水平的能量回收。     

车辆转弯制动横向轨迹控制驾驶员模型研究

为了较为真实地反映车辆转弯制动工况,建立了含Pacejka"魔术公式"非线性联合工况轮胎模型的4轮8自由度车辆系统模型,并基于预瞄跟随理论、加速度反馈控制和模糊PID控制技术建立了车辆转弯制动横向轨迹控制驾驶员模型。针对不同初始速度和制动强度,利用MATLAB/Simulink进行了横向轨迹控制仿真分析。分析结果表明,驾驶员控制模型能很好地跟踪横向轨迹,模型的可行性和有效性得到验证,同时不同仿真条件下结果的一致性也说明该控制方法具有较强的自适应能力和鲁棒性,为进一步研究复杂工况下的驾驶员模型及横向轨迹控制提供了一条可行的途径。     

全挂车辆制动时振动状况的仿真分析及试验研究

对全挂车辆在平坦路面上的制动过程进行了动力学分析,确定了全挂车辆制动时振动的激励因素,应用Wilson-θ逐步积分法并通过MATLAB语言编程进行了全挂车辆制动过程的仿真计算,仿真分析结果与试验结果相吻合。     

智能可变轮胎附着力系统的设计与应用

通过检测车轮速度及踩踏制动踏板的急缓程度,由电控单元判断,若是在紧急制动的情况下,控制电磁线圈通电,电磁作用使安装在轮辋上的泄气电磁阀动作,轮胎泄压,瞬间增大轮胎与地面的附着力,从而缩短制动距离;若是在冰雪、泥泞等特殊路面上,由电控单元通过电磁线圈控制泄气电磁阀,使轮胎泄半压,增大轮胎与地面的附着力,提高车辆的加速和制动性能,保持方向稳定。当紧急制动或特殊路面的情况消失之后,安装在轮辋上的充气阀将自动充气到轮胎的正常气压,并自动停止。     

一种新型汽车馈能减振器的结构设计与特性分析

简述了馈能减振器结构与工作原理及其主要零部件的选型方法.采用SIMULINK软件建立了馈能减振器模型,并进行了阻尼特性、示功特性和馈能特性分析.仿真结果表明,馈能减振器的阻尼系数可通过串联不同电阻值的负载而进行改变,阻值越小,阻尼系数越大;在相同振幅不同频率的路面位移激励作用下,随着激励频率的增加,馈能减振器相对位移和最大阻尼力随之增大;减振器压缩速度越大,电机转速越快,输出电压越高.     

采用电磁制动器的拖挂式房车制动力分析研究

从法规对拖挂式车辆制动力的要求出发,首次建立了采用电磁制动器的拖挂式房车制动力模型,通过改变电磁制动器电磁体通电电流,来实现对房车制动力大小的调节.得出了电磁制动器电磁体通电电流的合理控制范围,并对分析结果进行了试验验证.试验结果表明,制动器制动力模型正确、理论分析合理.为进一步研究主、房车制动力大小匹配,提高拖挂式车辆的制动稳定性,提供了重要依据.     

试分析纯电动汽车制动能量回收控制策略优化

现阶段,我国对于低碳经济的重视程度不断增加,在环境污染治理方面的投入不断增加,节约能源环境友好纯电动汽车获得进一步发展.为了进一步提高节能效果,应该充分重视能量回收系统研究工作.对此本文介绍了纯电动汽车制动能量回收管理策略,分了结合Advi SOR软件进行汽车制动系统建模,希望能够为单位与人员提供参考.