青藏公路昆仑山口至五道梁段主要水害问题及水文地质机理

青藏公路长期处于高寒、恶劣的特殊环境中,以水害（冻土）为主要特征的各种路基病害频繁发生。对青藏公路主要路基病害中的水害问题进行了调查,在昆仑山口至五道梁段,选取典型水害分布点,从水文地质角度出发,总结了青藏公路的主要公路水害问题,分析了引起相应水害问题的水文地质机理。     

宁波市外滩大桥后锚点的设计与研究

宁波市外滩大桥主桥采用主跨225 m的独塔四索面异型斜拉桥结构。三角形的索塔结构分为前塔柱、后斜杆和水平杆。后锚点为索塔后斜杆、水平杆以及边跨主梁间横梁的交汇区段,是该桥结构体系的关键点。设计中提出的恒载产生的后斜杆竖直拉力分量通过边跨钢梁及连接横梁、后斜杆以及后锚点内的混凝土压重来平衡,活载及温度等其它荷载产生的后斜杆竖直拉力分量通过设置预应力锚固的后锚点承台重量来平衡。该设计方案使得外滩大桥自锚式斜拉桥的设计受力明确,构造可靠,经济合理,施工及养护方便,对类似工程具有很好的参考价值。     

基于工艺可行性的离散变量结构动力特性设计优化

基于船舶工艺可行性分析,建立了使用自适应模拟退火算法的多工况下船体结构动力特性设计优化模型;并给出了相应的设计流程。模型使用矩阵描述由板材厚度和骨材型号构成的离散变量集合,同时将全体设计变量处理为共享设计变量。将模型应用于某集装箱船艉部结构的动力特性设计优化中,优化后的结构不仅减轻了自重,而且增加了频率储备。实例分析表明该模型能应用于工程结构的实际优化设计。     

潮间带风电场水动力数值模拟

为研究江苏省某地滨海潮间带风电场工程对所在海域波浪、潮流的影响,通过ADCIRC潮流模型和SWAN风浪模型模拟风、浪、流的耦合作用,建立滨海潮间带风电场的水动力数学模型,计算结果表明:该数学模型能较客观地反映当地水流和波浪场的基本情况,对在该区域建设滨海风电场具有重要的参考意义。     

独斜塔锚固区受力分析

我国斜拉桥中大部分采用预应力混凝土索塔。索塔锚固区域结构受力复杂,是设计的关键。某大桥采用独斜塔,主、边跨非对称布置斜拉索结构。文中采用有限元方法对某大桥主塔锚固区进行了受力分析,以根据应力大小指导钢束配制。     

SIV-DSS: Smart In-Vehicle Decision Support System for driving at signalized intersections with V2I communication

In this paper, we present a Smart In-Vehicle Decision Support System (SIV-DSS) to help making better stop/go decisions in the indecision zone as a vehicle is approaching a signalized intersection. Supported by the Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications, the system integrates and utilizes the information from both vehicle and intersection. The effective decision support models of SIV-DSS are realized with the probabilistic sequential decision making process with the capability of combining a variety of advantages gained from a set of decision rules, where each decision rule is responsible to specific situations for making right decisions even without complete information. The decision rules are either extracted from the existing parametric models of the indecision zone problem, or designed as novel ones based on physical models utilizing the integrated information containing the key inputs from vehicle motion, vehicle-driver characteristics, intersection geometry and topology, signal phase and timings, and the definitions of red-light running (RLR). In SIV-DSS, the generality is reached through physical models utilizing a large number of accurate physical parameters, and the heterogeneity is treated by including a few behavioral parameters in driver characteristics. The performance of SIV-DSS is evaluated with systematic simulation experiments. The results show that the system can not only ensure traffic safety by greatly reducing the RLR probability, but also improve mobility by significantly reducing unnecessary stops at the intersection. Finally, we briefly discuss some relevant aspects and implications for SIV-DSS in practical implementations.     

Risk-based spatial zone determination problem for stage-based evacuation operations

This study seeks to determine risk-based evacuation subzones for stage-based evacuation operations in a region threatened/affected by a disaster so that information-based evacuation strategies can be implemented in real-time for the subzone currently with highest evacuation risk to achieve some system-level performance objectives. Labeled the evacuation risk zone (ERZ), this subzone encompasses the spatial locations containing the population with highest evacuation risk which is a measure based on whether the population at a location can be safely evacuated before the disaster impacts it. The ERZ for a stage is calculated based on the evolving disaster characteristics, traffic demand pattern, and network supply conditions over the region in real-time subject to the resource limitations (personnel, equipment, etc.) of the disaster response operators related to implementing the evacuation strategies. Thereby, the estimated time-dependent lead time to disaster impact at a location and the estimated time-dependent clearance time based on evolving traffic conditions are used to compute evacuation risk. This time-unit measure of evacuation risk enables the ERZ concept to be seamlessly applied to different types of disasters, providing a generalized framework for mass evacuation operations in relation to disaster characteristics. Numerical experiments conducted to analyze the performance of the ERZ-based paradigm highlight its benefits in terms of better adapting to the dynamics of disaster impact and ensuring a certain level of operational performance effectiveness benchmarked against the idealized system optimal traffic pattern for the evacuation operation, while efficiently utilizing available disaster response resources.     

轨道交通分区票制计费区规划研究

轨道交通分区票制是计程票制的一种特殊形式,除了票价之外,计费区的划定也是一项重要决策工作。在总结世界各国分区票制使用经验的基础上,探讨轨道交通计费区规划策略。研究表明,计费区规划可以分为环形分区、行政区分区、线路分区、"蜂巢"分区和"市区+郊区"分区5种类型。通过对这5种分区类型的区域条件、票价策略和轨道交通线网特点进行论述,探讨5种分区票制在轨道交通应用上的特色及优势。经过对目前我国城市轨道交通系统发展状况的分析,认为实施分区票制具有一定的可能性和适用性。     

季冻区不良地质地带路基路面综合设计方案优化设计研究

重点介绍季冻区不良地质地带路基路面综合设计优化方案,该方案把路基路面视为整体结构进行综合设计,解决季冻区不良地质地带路基处于潮湿或过湿类型的冻胀病害,确保路基强度和稳定性,使路面不产生早期破坏。     

基于聚类分析的交通小区划分方法的改进

不同交通小区之间的土地利用、功能与性质存在着很多相似之处，引进“物以类聚”的思想，利用聚类分析方法对相似交通小区进行重新划分，大大减少工作量，而且精确度又相差不大。