基于专家系统和证据理论的路面破损原因评价方法研究

路面破损原因评价是一项经验性很强的工作,通过采用专家系统技术,利用路面养护专家经验和知识形成产生式规则,并对单处路面破损原因进行评价。根据对单处路面破损原因的评价结果中也包含了导致整个路段路面破损主要原因的信息这一特点,介绍了引入证据理论将这方面信息提取出来,合成得出对整个路段的主要破损原因评价的方法。     

非港湾式公交停车对道路交通流的影响分析

公交车进出站点不仅影响本身,也给其他车辆运行带来很大干扰。文章首先比较全面地分析非港湾式公交停车影响下道路交通流特征,然后借助于EXCEL软件,构建关于公交停车频率、公交停车时间、最大公交停车长度及其存在时间、道路流量的车速和车头时距多元线性模型,并进行了严格的数学检验。该研究为合理分析路段交通流状况、正确计算区间行驶车速与车头时距提供了依据。     

尼铁现代化项目中矩形空心桥台的优化设计

当前常用的时速200 km的铁路矩形空心桥台参考图中的桥台截面尺寸偏厚,安全富余量很大。为节约混凝土圬工量,希望在保证安全的前提下减少桥台截面尺寸。首先提出专门针对铁路矩形空心桥台台身截面计算的荷载图示,然后利用这一新的图示对拉伊铁路项目中使用的常规矩形空心桥台进行有限元分析,经过不断试算提出最优的截面尺寸。在钢筋用量基本不变的情况下,新尺寸桥台较原参考图中桥台的混凝土用量减少10%以上。对于项目所在地尼日利亚国水泥价格高昂的情况而言,桥台尺寸的这一优化将产生较大的经济效益。     

Point-to-point speed enforcement systems: Speed limits design criteria and analysis of drivers’ compliance

Point-to-point (P2P) speed enforcement is a relatively new approach to traffic law enforcement. Its technology allows vehicles whose average speed exceeds the speed limit over the controlled section to be fined. It therefore encourages compliance over distances longer than those where spot enforcement policies have been in place.In this paper, a procedure for consistently setting speed limits with such enforcement systems is proposed. Such a method has been applied to design the speed limits on two motorways in the district of Naples, Italy, where P2P enforcement systems became operational in 2009 and 2010. The speed limits, which were set using the Italian geometric design standard to assess vehicle stability and stopping sight distance, have been compared with those provided by using well-known international standards.The impact of the newly designed speed limits and of the P2P enforcement system on drivers’ speeding behaviour has been quantified for each highway section and vehicle type. In fact, accurate measurements of the average travel speeds of each vehicle crossing the enforced sections, before and after the activation of the system, were available. The migration from the old speed limits with spot speed enforcement to the new approach resulted in a notable increase in drivers’ compliance to the speed limits with a remarkable decrease in both the average of individual speeds and in their standard deviation.In addition, the analysis of 3 years of data shows that a gradual adaptation of drivers’ behaviour to the system took place. In particular, a decreasing compliance to the speed limits points to a non-optimal system management. Finally, the results of a revealed preference survey allowed us to make a behavioural interpretation regarding the significantly different impacts measured on the two motorways.     

邢衡高速公路邢台段桥梁设计技术要点

通过邢衡高速公路邢台段桥梁设计实践，阐述桥梁设计中的关键技术及要点，对同行具有一定的借鉴意义。     

用遗传算法求空间点列的最小包容球

建立了求空间点列包容球的数学模型,将求最小包容球问题转化为函数优化问题,并用遗传算法解决了函数最优解的求解问题.     

杭州湾北岸奉贤段滩涂演变分析

杭州湾北岸奉贤段滩涂资源丰富,解放以来已围垦升发113 km3。但由于水情、工况变化,日前已处于冲刷状态,可围垦利用资源已十分有限。经过详细调查研究,在收集大量数据基础上,该文对近年滩涂演变过程作仔细分析,得出的结论是:由于沿岸泥沙供应量减少、东部深水围垦造成流态变化等原因,奉贤段滩涂的冲刷情况将更趋严重,对海塘防汛能力、沿岸进一步开发利用都构成一定的威胁。必须采取相应的工程、非工程措施,以合理、有序地开发利用奉贤岸段宝贵的滩涂资源。     

基于铁路通信光缆维护要点分析与故障处理探究

主要对铁路通信光缆维护工作要点进行阐述,并积极探讨出具体的故障处理措施,希望能够对日常维护工作起到一定的参考作用.     

船检履约与应对IMO强制审核要点与措施研究

为促进全球海上安全和防污染相关国际公约的有效执行,国际海事组织于2009年批准了"IMO成员国自愿审核机制"强制化,我国将于2021年接受IMO的强制审核。船检占强制审核政府义务条款大部分内容,其被视为IMO进行强制审核的重点领域。因此,本文拟针对IMO履约规则及相关国际公约中有关船检的管理要求,对我国海事船检履约情况进行评估,分析我国船检海事立法与管理方面存在的问题,提出我国针对船检履约与应对IMO强制审核的要点及改进措施,以满足2021年IMO强制审核的要求。     

冲孔灌注桩施工质量控制要点

冲孔灌注桩因其适应性强、成本适中、施工简便等优点,广泛应用于公路桥梁工程建设中。文章详细介绍了冲孔灌注桩成孔、成桩施工各环节的质量控制要点,为类似桩基施工提供技术参考。