城市轨道交通与驻站常规公交衔接调度优化研究

针对目前城市轨道交通与常规公交衔接难问题,本文从运营成本费用与出行者的出行费用最小化出发,对驻站常规公交协调发车间隔进行优化,建立城市轨道交通与驻站常规公交系统之间的衔接调度组合优化数学模型,并设计遗传模拟退火算法对该模型进行求解,通过多次仿真运算,结果分析表明该模型及算法的有效性和实用性。     

江苏汽车制造业与现代服务业的融合发展研究

先进制造业和现代服务业的融合是整个社会经济发展的必然趋势,目前两者之间已经逐步建立起了一种相互依赖、相互作用、共同发展的态势。文章结合江苏实际分析了汽车制造业与服务业融合发展的意义及现状,指出二者融合发展的制约因素,并提出了二者融合发展的具体对策。     

Assessing carbon emissions from road transport through traffic flow estimators

Carbon emissions from road transport are one of the main issues related to modern transport planning. To address them adequately, the acquisition of reliable data about traffic flow is an essential prerequisite. However, the large quantity and the heterogeneity of available information often cause problems; missing or incomplete data are one of the most critical aspects. This paper discusses how technology handles imperfect information in order to obtain more accurate quantification of CO₂ emissions. First, an analysis of single estimators and combination models is provided, highlighting their main characteristics. Then, the TANINO model (Tool for the Analysis of Non-conservative Carbon Emissions In TraNspOrt) is presented, jointly developed at the University of Seville and at the IUAV University of Venice. It consists of two different modules: the first is a combination model that optimizes the results of three traffic flow single estimators, while the second is a macro-model of carbon evaluation, which takes into account road infrastructure, vehicle type and traffic conditions. TANINO is then tested to calculate CO₂ emissions along the ring road of the Spanish city of Seville, showing its more efficient performance, compared to the single estimators normally adopted for such aims. Transport planning can benefit from the adequate knowledge of traffic flows and related CO₂ emissions, since it allows a more reliable monitoring of the progresses granted by specific carbon policies.     

改进原对偶遗传算法在搜索边坡最危险滑动面中的应用

文章基于janbu条分法,提出一种改进的原对偶遗传算法,并开发出相应的计算程序,自由搜索边坡任意形状最危险滑动面,求解其最小安全系数。通过工程实例验算证明,改进原对偶遗传算法是一种值得推广的边坡稳定性分析方法。     

Updating of Travel Behavior Model Parameters and Estimation of Vehicle Trip Chain Based on Plate Scanning

This article proposes a maximum-likelihood method to update travel behavior model parameters and estimate vehicle trip chain based on plate scanning. The information from plate scanning consists of the vehicle passing time and sequence of scanned vehicles along a series of plate scanning locations (sensor locations installed on road network). The article adopts the hierarchical travel behavior decision model, in which the upper tier is an activity pattern generation model, and the lower tier is a destination and route choice model. The activity pattern is an individual profile of daily performed activities. To obtain reliable estimation results, the sensor location schemes for predicting trip chaining are proposed. The maximum-likelihood estimation problem based on plate scanning is formulated to update model parameters. This problem is solved by the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. The model and algorithm are then tested with simulated plate scanning data in a modified Sioux Falls network. The results illustrate the efficiency of the model and its potential for an application to large and complex network cases.     

大型公共建筑与交通设施组合规划研究

大型公共建筑是城市中人流的集散点与交通枢纽,在其使用的过程中势必引起复杂繁忙的交通运输问题.在阐述大型公共建筑交通影响分析的基础上,本文区别对待对于大型公共建筑具有不同功能与作用的交通设施,并重点分述了不同交通设施与大型公共建筑的优化配置问题.目的是:将大型公共建筑和与之配套的交通设施组合规划成为一个有机整体,以期实现在保证大型公共建筑使用功能的前提下,安全合理地疏导交通.     

进路搜索数据结构与算法研究

在深入研究站场信号平面图的基础上,对站场信号平面图建立有向无环图的模型,阐述一种在有向无环图中动态生成二叉树的进路搜索算法。验证算法的有效性和实用性。     

Exploring the feasibility of classification trees versus ordinal discrete choice models for analyzing crash severity

A cross-median crash (CMC) is one of the most severe types of crashes in which a vehicle crosses the median and sometimes collides with opposing traffic. A study of severity of CMCs in the state of Wisconsin was conducted by Lu et al. in 2010. Discrete choice models, namely ordinal logit and probit models were used to analyze factors related to the severity of CMCs. Separate models were developed for single and multi-vehicle CMCs. Although 25 different crash, roadway, and geometric variables were used, only 3 variables were found to be statistically significant which were alcohol usage, posted speed, and road conditions. The objective of this research was to explore the feasibility of GUIDE Classification Tree method to analyze the severity of CMCs to discover if any additional information could be revealed.A dataset of CMCs in the state of Wisconsin between 2001 and 2007, used in the study by Lu et al. was used to develop three different GUIDE Classification Trees. Additionally, the effects of variable types (continuous or discrete), misclassification costs, and tree pruning characteristics on models results were also explored. The results were directly compared with discrete choice models developed in the study by Lu et al. showing that the GUIDE Classification Trees revealed new variables (median width and traffic volume) that affect CMC severity and provided useful insight on the data. The results of this research suggest that the use of Classification Tree analysis should at least be considered in conjunction with regression-based crash models to better understand factors affecting crashes. Classification Tree models were able to reveal additional information about the dependent variable and offer advantages with respect to multicollinearity and variable redundancy issues.     

GIS中基于栅格转换的缓冲区生成算法

缓冲区生成是GIS中非常重要的一种分析方法,现有的算法数据量大、运算效率低.在"DEComGIS的研究与开发"课题中我们运用栅格转换来实现缓冲区生成,实践证明该算法是有效的.     

基于组合赋权-未确知测度理论的地铁隧道围岩质量评价

为了合理确定地铁隧道围岩质量等级,引入未确知测度理论建立了地铁隧道围岩质量评价模型,并选取岩石饱和单轴抗压强度、变形模量、质量指标、地下水、岩体抗剪强度、结构面摩擦系数等6项指标作为未确知测度模型的判别指标。以杭州地铁1号线为例,构造各指标的未确知测度函数,同时利用粗糙集优化层次分析法和改进的熵值法确定各指标的组合权重,依照置信度识别准则对围岩质量等级进行识别,并对其危险性程度进行排序,最后得出围岩质量分级的评价结果。将围岩质量分级的评价结果与现场评价和云模型评价结果进行对比分析,评价结果基本符合实际情况。研究表明,该方法评价过程合理、结果可靠,为地铁隧道围岩质量评价提供了一种新思维。