寿命服从威布尔分布的装备备件储备量确定

根据装备的寿命分布可准确地确定其所需备件量,对于寿命服从威布尔分布的装备,在确定了其寿命分布参数后,即可计算出其备件储备量。这种方法具有很好的实际应用价值。     

城市道路网可行性研究中CIVIL 3D应用浅谈

以武汉航空企业总部区域市政配套工程(四期)为例,采用AutoCAD Civil 3D计算道路和场地土石方,并与传统设计软件EICAD进行了比较。对Civil 3D的运用进行了简单的探索。     

富水砂层中暗挖隧道施工沉降控制技术

富水砂层中暗挖隧道施工是地铁施工中的一大难点,常常因沉降过大而引发安全事故。在深圳地铁安-侨区间隧道工程中,通过洞内帷幕注浆、水平旋喷桩、地表井点降水等辅助措施做到了超前控制,在解决隧道开挖安全问题的同时有效地减少了沉降量;施工过程中严格执行了"管超前、短进尺、强支护、早封闭、勤量测"的方针,控制了时空效应,解决了富水砂层中暗挖隧道沉降过大的问题。文章重点分析了沉降原因及控制沉降的关键技术和有效措施。     

Soil Body Deformation Caused by Construction of a Double-Line Shield Tunnel with Multiple Factors北大核心CSCD

Considering the influence of many factors (soil loss, frontal additional thrust, the friction force of the shield shell and the additional grouting force), a method for improving the uniform soil body movement model is pro-posed, and a mechanical calculation model is established to study the calculation method for soil body deformation caused by double-line parallel shield driving. Based on the Mindlin solutions of elastic mechanics, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by the last three factors are calculated; considering the uniform soil body movement model, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by soil loss are calculated, then the to-tal theoretical solutions for soil body deformations under multiple factors are obtained by means of superposition. The vertical surface settlement, vertical horizontal displacement, and vertical displacements of the soil body at different depths of Hangzhou Metro Line 1 are calculated to analyze the variation laws. Meanwhile the influential factors for horizontal displacement variation are studied. The research shows that with a change of depth, the settlement of the soil body changes within the scope of 10 to 13 m in the horizontal direction near where the maximum settlement occurs;the direction of the horizontal displacement of the soil body changes with a change of the positional relationship be-tween the calculation points and the tunnel; and with an increase of interval J for the two tunnels, the horizontal dis-placement of the soil body of a deep double-line tunnel decreases while the displacement near the surface changes slightly. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

深厚软土桥梁桩基荷载传递特性及沉降控制效果研究

通过杭甬铁路客运专线柯桥特大桥单桩静载试验,桩身应变、桩身压缩量及桥墩沉降的测试,研究深厚软土地区桥梁桩基的荷载传递特性及沉降控制效果。结果表明:桩侧摩阻力先于桩端阻力发挥作用;尽管桩端置于强风化凝灰质砂岩上,但在试验荷载下2根超长试验桩的端承比均小于1.5%,桩的承载特性表现为摩擦桩的性质;单桩静载试验实测的桩身压缩量占桩顶沉降量的85%以上;桥墩浇筑完成后经过753d的沉降观测,2个试验墩实测沉降量分别为3.00和3.41mm,其中,无砟轨道铺设后300d的实测沉降分别为0.11和0.25mm,表明在深厚软土地区采用超长钻孔灌注桩控制桥梁基础沉降的效果显著。     

软土参数反分析方法及其在沉降预测中的应用

沉降预测与控制是当前客运专线设计、施工组织的关键技术,为保证沉降预测的准确程度,必须合理选取计算参数。采用黏弹塑(西原)模型模拟土骨架,并结合软土变形的大位移、大应变及渗透固结的特点,建立模拟施工过程的软土路基双重非线性固结分析有限元模型。以实测信息与计算信息的相对残差平方和最小为目标,引入考虑测点观测精度的加权值,建立根据多种测试信息进行参数反分析的目标函数,并采用Monte-Carlo法和可变容差法相结合的优化技术,对目标函数进行约束优化,较好地解决了可变容差法易于陷入局部最优解的难题。通过参数分组、初步试算、综合调整等步骤,建立了分阶段多层次动态施工反分析方法,从而使反分析所得计算参数具有明确的物理意义。实际工程应用表明,参数反分析方法本构关系清楚、物理意义明确,所得计算参数能较好地反映现场的实际情况,可准确预测沉降。     

关于建立人力资源价值计量模式的探讨

通过对建立人力资源特性的分析,利用现有劳动人事管理中的劳动工资统计资料,在个人人力资源价值计量中用以岗位为标准计量人力资源价值,在整体(组织)人力资源价值计量中按人员类别结合行业特征划分人力资源价值分值,建立人力资源价值计量模式,作为人力资源价值核算依据,可以提高劳动工资统计资料的价值.     

基于GM(1,1)模型的交通客运量发展预测

采用灰色系统理论中的GM(1,1)模型,选取2001~2005年我国客运运量数据,分别建立了铁路、公路和民航客运周转量的预测模型,经检验,模型精度等级较高。应用所建模型进行了2006~2010年客运周转量预测,并对照2006年实际运量数据,证明预测结果精度较高。最后讨论了GM(1,1)预测模型在运量预测实际应用中的指标选取、模型检验和应用范围。     

如何进行铁路岩溶整治结算工程量审核

做好铁路岩溶整治工程量审核,是提高结算工程量编制质量,确保完成工程量的真实性和准确性,使其符合工程设计和规程规范的要求,有效控制工程造价的关键环节。此文从审核所编制的工程量的合法性入手,阐述应审核检验批验收记录和岩溶整治工程量,以及所审工程量应包括的内容和具备的条件。这样才能发挥审核的作用,保证结算工程量的准确性,达到有效控制工程造价的目的。     

Design and evaluation of an integrated inventory and transportation system

This paper proposes the adoption of an integrated inventory and transportation system (IITS) to minimize the total costs of inventory and transportation. A non-linear programing is developed by analyzing transportation and inventory costs with one supplier and many retailers in the distribution environment. The paper compares the proposed model with the traditional approach in computing total costs with numerical data. The results indicate that the total costs can be optimized by adopting integrated programing rather than the traditional approach, along with achieving improved customer service levels. In particular, sensitivity analysis is applied to determine the performance of the IITS under various transportation costs, holding costs and shortage costs. It shows that the transportation cost per unit is most sensitive in the proposed model. In this situation, the IITS is more effective for cost saving when set-up cost, holding and shortage costs are high, but is less effective for situations involving high per-unit transportation costs.