Model Test on Mechanism of Shear Resistance Borne by Concrete Shear Key and Friction of Element Joint of the Immersed Tunnel北大核心CSCD

By scale model tests, it proves the mechanism mode of shear resistance borne by friction of contact area and concrete shear key in different contact stress states and cushion thicknesses of shear key. The results show that friction plays a significant role on shear resistance of element joint. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

半刚性基层沥青路面剪应力正交分析

文章分析了沥青路面剪应力的影响因素,并通过正交设计实验,采用直观和方差方法,分析了各因素对沥青路面剪应力的影响程度。同时还对各影响因素与路面车辙间的关系进行了探讨。     

汶川地震及中国公路桥梁抗震设计规范的变迁

根据汶川地震的震源机理和桥梁震害的特点,在断裂带南段,桥梁结构以强度失效型破坏为主;而在北段以位移型破坏为主.对由汶川地震推动刊布实施的公路桥梁抗震设计细则和中国前两代公路桥梁抗震设计规范的内容进行了对比分析,并回顾了中国三代公路桥梁抗震设计规范的变迁.提出了新桥梁抗震细则在抗震设计理念、设计方法及抗震措施方面的新特点.     

不同连接程度板桁桥对混凝土板应力的影响

针对目前高速铁路应用较多的64m下承式板桁半结合桥,通过改变混凝土与钢桁梁之间连接刚度以及剪力键分布距离来分析比较其对混凝土应力的影响,计算表明,连接刚度的增加,混凝土板的轴向应力随之增加,但弯曲应力影响较小。通过剪力键布置间距减小,纵梁上方处混凝土板应力影响较大,而混凝土边缘以及中心线处应力影响较小。     

新型汽车碰撞能量吸收器

提出一种新型汽车碰撞吸收器,该装置具有机械的、剪切型的吸能方式。文中给出了该吸收器的结构和工作原理,对吸收器特性进行了台架与台车碰撞试验。试验结果表明:该吸收器能分解一次性碰撞的巨大能量,逐渐减小碰撞力并逐渐吸收其能量;降低人体所承受的减速度值及减少发生二次碰撞的概率。     

铝合金/GFRP筋近表面嵌入式增强钢筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验

为研究铝合金/玻璃纤维增强复合材料（GFRP）筋近表面嵌入式加固混凝土梁的抗弯性能,以加固方式、加固筋类型和加固量为变量,设计了5根钢筋混凝土梁试件进行单调静载试验,重点分析了混凝土加固梁的破坏模式和破坏特征。研究结果表明：采用铝合金筋或GFRP筋嵌入式加固后混凝土梁的受弯承载力均显著提高;加固量相同时,GFRP筋加固梁、铝合金/GFRP筋混合加固梁和铝合金筋加固梁的极限荷载比未加固梁分别提高了105.8%、45.7%和17.5%,但混凝土梁采用GFRP筋加固后延性降低、脆性突出,而采用铝合金/GFRP筋混合加固或铝合金加固后混凝土梁的延性则与对比梁相当;GFRP筋嵌入式加固梁和铝合金筋嵌入式加固梁分别发生了混凝土保护层剥落破坏和加固筋屈服后混凝土压溃破坏,而铝合金/GFRP筋混合加固梁则先是GFRP筋与混凝土保护层发生剥离,之后随着作用跨中位移的持续增大,受压区混凝土发生压溃,破坏过程有两重防线。在试验研究基础上,采用截面分析法给出了嵌入式加固梁抗弯强度的理论计算模型与工程实用模型,计算结果表明：加固梁极限弯矩的试验值与理论预测值之比及与实用模型计算值之比的平均值分别为1.081和1.063,方差分别为0.003和0.005,吻合较好。     

硅藻土改性沥青胶浆高温性能评价

采用常规指标试验和不同温度下的高温动态剪切（DSR）试验,分析了硅藻土掺量对改性沥青高温性能的影响。试验结果表明：加入硅藻土后沥青胶浆的高温抗车辙能力明显提高,温度敏感性显著降低;随着硅藻土掺量增长,高温性能先提高后降低,合理掺量为11％-13％;常规指标不适合用于评价硅藻土改性沥青高温性能。     

Application of analytical model in the prediction of dynamic responses and fatigue damage of flexible risers: Part I – Improvement of analytical model considering shear deformation and varying tension effects

Flexible risers have been widely utilized for the transfer of oil and gas products from a well to production units. The components of flexible risers, unlike steel risers, experience complex contact phenomena during bending. The contact between helical wires and adjacent layers especially causes a significant level of bending nonlinearity, making it hard to estimate the structural responses. Accordingly, a large-scale dynamic analysis of flexible risers usually involves an analytical model that predicts the bending moment and axial stress of helical wires based on theoretical approaches. The analytical model consists of an axis-symmetrical model and a bending model. Among them, the bending model plays a critical role in the prediction of the bending responses of flexible risers. The conventional bending models usually neglect the shear deformation of internal layers and continuity of sliding force, which leads to a significant error of analysis. Furthermore, the previous bending models assume that the contact pressure on helical wires is constant during bending. In real operating conditions, however, most flexible risers experience a considerable change of tension that governs the slip of helical wires. Hence, the current study presents a new dynamic analysis method for flexible risers. The suggested analytical model improves the bending model based on an accurate estimation of the internal strain field considering the shear deformation and continuous sliding force. Also, this study proposes a stiffness update method to reflect the effect of varying tension in the dynamic analysis. The presented method updates the bending property of flexible risers considering the continuous change of the contact pressure from varying tension. For the validation of suggested method, the current study carries out numerical simulations with a pure bending and varying tension for the internal diameter 7 inches flexible risers. It is identified that the suggested analytical model provides accurate analysis results. Moreover, it is found that the effect of varying tension gives a significant impact on the bending behavior of flexible risers by changing the slip condition of helical wires. Part I of this series of papers describes the detailed formulation method for the analytical model and with some verification examples. The suggested analytical model is expanded to the large-scale dynamic analysis in Part II for the investigation of the effect of shear deformation and varying tension.     

Experimental and numerical investigations of the ultimate torsional strength of an ultra large container ship

Structures of ultra large container ships (ULCS) are characterized by large deck openings and low torsional rigidity. It is essential to comprehensively figure out their collapse behaviors under pure torsion with both model experiments and numerical simulations, making an evaluation of their ultimate torsional strength. In this paper, a similar scale model of a 10,000TEU container ship has been designed and manufactured first, in which both geometric similarity and strength similarity are taken into account. Next the collapse behaviors of the test model are detailedly illustrated with both experimentally and numerically obtained results. Then discussions on warping or shear buckling deformations involved in the collapse process of the structure are conducted with extended numerical simulations. Finally, the ultimate torsional strength of the true ship is evaluated according to the similarity theory. Results show that it is the yielding and shear buckling of the side shells that causes the failure of the hull girder under pure torsion. Further nonlinear finite element analysis demonstrates that it may either have warping or shear buckling deformations in the torsional collapse process of the hull girder with a large deck opening, depending on the local rigidity distribution of side shells, which has a significant effect on the ultimate torsional strength of the hull girder.     

列车振动条件下古建筑群结构动力响应分析

为研究地铁列车振动对上方古建筑的影响规律,基于西安地铁4号线下穿和平门区段,建立不同行车速度组合工况有限元振动分析模型,用来分析和平门古建筑群的振动响应规律。并进行中国古建筑结构允许振动速度评价标准的比选、推导和确定,由结果可知:地铁单向或对向通过城墙时,不同车速对峰值位移几乎没有影响。城墙的峰值速度、加速度随着车速的增大而增大,在车速为80 km/h时达到最大。桥体在两种运行模式下的峰值位移、速度、加速度变化趋势与城墙相同,但最终值较大。综合比较,列车80 km/h对向行驶为最不利情况,此时城墙和桥体的速度、加速度分别为0.160,0.667 mm/s和0.679,2.998 mm/s~2。护城河桥的振动以竖直方向为主,而城墙在列车运营时主要呈水平方向振动。桥体的水平振动速度略大于城墙,且两者均小于容许水平振动速度,因此该地铁运营过程中可保证古建筑运营安全。